Directory

1632 CE

Charles I of England issues a charter for the colony of Maryland (named in honor of Henrietta Maria), under the control of Lord Baltimore. Fasilides, Emperor of Ethiopia in succession to his father Susenyos, declares the state religion of the country again to be Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, and confiscates the lands of the Jesuit missionaries, relegating them to Fremona. Wladyslaw IV Waza is elected king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, after Sigismund III Vasa's death.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • March 29 – The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye is signed, returning Quebec to French control, after the English had seized it in 1629.source
  • June 20 – Charles I of England issues a charter for the colony of Maryland (named in honor of Henrietta Maria), under the control of Lord Baltimore.source
  • Catharina Stopia succeeds her spouse as Sweden's ambassador to Russia, becoming perhaps the first female diplomat in Europe.source
  • The Portuguese are driven out of Bengal.source

Conflict & Security

  • March 9 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Bamberg – Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, commander of the Catholic League, defeats the Swedish army under Gustav Horn, and recaptures the town of Bamberg.source
  • March 21 – Thirty Years' War: King Gustavus Adolphus makes a triumphant entry into Nuremberg, where he is welcomed by the populace and pledges to protect the cause of Protestantism.source
  • March – Thirty Years' War: Gustavus Adolphus invades Bavaria with his army.source
  • May 17 – Thirty Years' War: Munich, capital of Bavaria, is captured by the Swedish army.source
  • June – Eighty Years' War: Leading a Dutch army, Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange captures in short succession the cities of Venlo, Roermond and Sittard, before besieging the city of Maastricht.source
  • August 22 – Eighty Years' War: A Dutch army, led by Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, captures the city of Maastricht after a two-month siege.source
  • September 1 – Battle of Castelnaudary: A rebellion against French king Louis XIII is crushed. The leader of the rebellion, Gaston, Duke of Orléans, the brother of Louis XIII, surrenders.source
  • September 9 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of the Alte Veste – Besieged by Wallenstein at Nuremberg, Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus attempts to break the siege, but is defeated.source
  • October 30 – Henri II de Montmorency, is executed for his participation in the rebellion of Gaston, Duke of Orléans, against French king Louis XIII.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • June 20 – Two ships, Saint Jean (250 tons) and L'Esperance-en-Dieu, set sail from La Rochelle in France, bound for Acadia in North America.source
  • July 23 – Three hundred colonists for New France depart Dieppe.source
  • Antigua and Barbuda is first colonized by England.source
  • Approximate date – Last inhabitants leave the original city of Reimerswaal in Zeeland.source

Religion & Belief

  • June 25 – Fasilides, Emperor of Ethiopia in succession to his father Susenyos, declares the state religion of the country again to be Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, and confiscates the lands of the Jesuit missionaries, relegating them to Fremona.source
  • September 3 – The last executions of Christians in Japan take place as four Spanish missionaries (including Augustinin friar Bartholomew Gutierrez) and two Japanese converts are burned alive in Nagasaki. They are beatified in 1867 as the last of the 205 Martyrs of Japan.source
  • King Władysław IV Vasa of Poland forbids anti-Semitic books and printings.source
  • The rural parish of Loppi was founded.source

Technology & Infrastructure

  • Construction of the Taj Mahal begins.source

Health & Medicine

  • January 31 – The dissection of a body for the benefit of medical students is carried out by Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, the anatomist for the city of Amsterdam, and will be immortalized in Rembrandt's painting The Anatomy Lesson.source

Disasters & Accidents

  • December 6 – Indians wipe out a new Dutch settlement of Swanadael in New Netherland.source

Culture & Society

  • January 8 – University of Amsterdam is established at the site of the Athenaeum Illustre of Amsterdam.source
  • February 22 – Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published in Florence.source
  • June 15 – Sir Francis Windebank is made chief Secretary of State in England.source
  • June 30 – The University of Tartu is founded.source
  • September 25 – Yakutsk, Russia is founded by Pyotr Beketov.source
  • October 15 – The University of Tartu officially opens, in Swedish Livonia.source
  • November 8 – Wladyslaw IV Waza is elected king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, after Sigismund III Vasa's death.source

Births

  • January 8 – Samuel von Pufendorf, German jurist (d. 1694)source
  • January 11 – Adam Frans van der Meulen, Flemish Baroque painter specialising in battle scenes (d. 1690)source
  • February 20 – Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English statesman (d. 1712)source
  • March 30 – John Proctor, Massachusetts farmer, tavern keeper (d. 1692)source
  • May 3 – Catherine of St. Augustine, French nun, nurse of New France (d. 1668)source
  • June 10 – Esprit Fléchier, French writer and Bishop of Nîmes (d. 1710)source
  • June 25 – Girolamo Corner, Venetian statesman and military commander (d. 1690)source
  • August 29 – John Locke, English philosopher (d. 1704)source
  • October 21 – William Hedges, first governor of the East India Company (d. 1701)source
  • October 24 – Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch scientist (d. 1723)source
  • October 31 (bapt.) – Johannes Vermeer, Dutch painter (d. 1675)source
  • November 23 – Jean Mabillon, French Benedictine monk and scholar of the Congregation of Saint Maur (d. 1707)source
  • November 24 – Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher (d. 1677)source
  • December 31 – Abbas II of Persia, Shah of Iran (d. 1666)source

Deaths

  • January 1 – Giovanni Battista Agucchi, Italian churchman, papal diplomat and writer on art theory (b. 1570)source
  • January 31 – Joost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (b. 1552)source
  • March 15 – Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, German musician (b. 1572)source
  • April 15 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Rain – Gustavus Adolphus defeats Tilly's Catholic League armies for the second time within a year; Tilly is severely wounded during the battle and dies on April 30.source
  • April 30 – Johan Tzerclaes, Count of Tilly, Bavarian general (b. 1559)source
  • May 24 – Robert Hues, English mathematician and geographer (b. 1553)source
  • June 2 – Ernest Casimir I, Count of Nassau-Dietz (1606–1632) and Stadtholder of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe (1625–1632) (b. 1573)source
  • July 22 – Juan Niño de Tabora, Spanish general and governor of the Philippines (date of birth unknown)source
  • September 13 – Leopold V, Archduke of Austria, regent of Tyrol (b. 1586)source
  • September 17 – Emperor Susenyos of Ethiopia (b. 1607)source
  • September 30 – Thomas Allen, English mathematician and astrologer (b. 1542)source
  • October 30 – Henri II de Montmorency, French naval officer and Governor of Languedoc (b. 1595)source
  • November 6 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (in battle) (b. 1594)source
  • November 17 – Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian field marshal (b. 1594)source