Directory

1296 CE

Capture of Berwick: King Edward I of England storms and captures Berwick-upon-Tweed, sacking what is at this time a Scottish border town, with much bloodshed. He slaughters most of the residents, including those who flee to the churches. King Mangrai the Great of Ngoenyang establishes a new capital by founding Chiangmai, and founds the Mangrai Dynasty, that will rule the Lanna Kingdom of Chiangmai from 1296 to 1578 (the 700th Anniversary Stadium will be built in remembrance of this foundation). Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji dies, and his nephew and son-in-law Ala-Ud-Din-Khalji comes to the throne of the Delhi Sultanate in Hindustan, becoming the most powerful ruler of his dynasty.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • April 12 – King Mangrai the Great of Ngoenyang establishes a new capital by founding Chiangmai, and founds the Mangrai Dynasty, that will rule the Lanna Kingdom of Chiangmai from 1296 to 1578 (the 700th Anniversary Stadium will be built in remembrance of this foundation).source

Conflict & Security

  • March 30 – Capture of Berwick: King Edward I of England storms and captures Berwick-upon-Tweed, sacking what is at this time a Scottish border town, with much bloodshed. He slaughters most of the residents, including those who flee to the churches.source
  • April 27 – Battle of Dunbar: John Balliol's Scottish army is defeated by an English army commanded by John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey.source
  • Boniface of Verona expels the Byzantines from their last remaining strongholds on Euboea.source
  • approximate date – Tarabya, self-proclaimed king of Pegu, is defeated in single combat on war elephants by Wareru.source

Religion & Belief

  • February 5 – Pope Boniface VIII issues the papal bull, Clericis laicos, stating that, without authority from the Holy See, Kings and other monarchs couldn't take income from the church. This bull was made in retaliation against King Philip IV raising taxes on the churchsource

Science & Discovery

  • Chinese diplomat Zhou Daguan spends a year at the court of Khmer King Indravarman III at Angkor, and pens a journal setting forth his observations.source

Culture & Society

  • October 21 – The formal coronation of Alauddin Khalji as Sultan of Delhi takes place, and he takes the regnal name Muhammad Shah I.source

Births

  • August 10 – "Blind" King John I of Bohemia (d. 1346)source
  • December – Marjorie Bruce, Scottish princess, only daughter of Robert I of Scotland (d. 1316)source
  • Roland of Sicily, Italian nobleman (d. 1361)source
  • Shi Naian, Chinese author (d. 1370)source
  • Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica (d. 1359)source
  • Algirdas, ruler of Lithuania (d. 1377)source
  • Blanche of Burgundy, queen consort of France (d. 1326)source
  • Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1327)source

Deaths

  • February 8 – King Przemysł II of Poland (b. 1257)source
  • March 11 – John le Romeyn, Archbishop of Yorksource
  • March 24 – Odon de Pins, French Grand Master of the Knights Hospitallersource
  • May 17 – Agnes of Bohemia, Duchess of Austria (b. 1269)source
  • May 19 – Pope Celestine V (b. 1215)source
  • May – William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembrokesource
  • June 5 – Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, son of Henry III of England (b. 1245)source
  • June 27 – Count Floris V of Holland (b. 1254)source
  • July 20 – Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji dies, and his nephew and son-in-law Ala-Ud-Din-Khalji comes to the throne of the Delhi Sultanate in Hindustan, becoming the most powerful ruler of his dynasty.source
  • August 7 – Heinrich II von Rotteneck, prince-bishop of Regensburgsource
  • August 9 – Count Hugh of Brienne, French crusadersource
  • November 1 – Guillaume Durand, French canonist and writersource
  • Isabella of Mar, Scottish countess, spouse of King Robert the Bruce of Scotlandsource
  • Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji, founder of the Khalji dynasty in Indiasource