Directory

1079 CE

Stanislaus of Szczepanów, bishop of Kraków, is executed on orders by King Bolesław II the Generous. The way in which his sentence is carried out causes a revolt among the Polish nobles. Bolesław is forced to flee, to take refuge at the court of King Ladislaus I of Hungary. He is succeeded by his brother Władysław I, as ruler of Poland. The Seljuk Turks under Sultan Suleiman ibn Qutulmish reach and occupy the western coast of Asia Minor, an area known since the Archaic Period (c. 800–c. 500 BC) as Ionia (modern Turkey). King William the Conqueror establishes the New Forest in Southern England. He proclaims it as a royal forest, using it for hunting, mainly of deer.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • King William the Conqueror establishes the New Forest in Southern England. He proclaims it as a royal forest, using it for hunting, mainly of deer.source

Conflict & Security

  • Battle of Cabra: Moorish forces, aided by Castilian knights under El Cid (Rodrigo Diaz), defeat and rout the invading army of Emir Abdallah ibn Buluggin of Granada, near the town of Cabra (modern Spain).source

Exploration & Expansion

  • The Seljuk Turks under Sultan Suleiman ibn Qutulmish reach and occupy the western coast of Asia Minor, an area known since the Archaic Period (c. 800–c. 500 BC) as Ionia (modern Turkey).source

Religion & Belief

  • April 11 – Stanislaus of Szczepanów, bishop of Kraków, is executed on orders by King Bolesław II the Generous. The way in which his sentence is carried out causes a revolt among the Polish nobles. Bolesław is forced to flee, to take refuge at the court of King Ladislaus I of Hungary. He is succeeded by his brother Władysław I, as ruler of Poland.source
  • Constance, queen of Castile and León, founds a monastery in Burgos (approximate date).source

Science & Discovery

  • Omar Khayyam, Persian mathematician and astronomer, calculates a 33 year calendar consisting of 25 ordinary years that include 365 days, and 8 leap years that include 366 days, the most accurate calculation of his time. Khayyam, in his Treatise on Demonstrations of Problems in Algebra, produces a complete classification of cubic equations and their geometric solutions (approximate date).source

Culture & Society

  • Emperor Henry IV appoints Frederick I as duke of Swabia at Hohenstaufen Castle. Henry's 7-year-old daughter Agnes of Waiblingen is betrothed to Frederick who founds the Hohenstaufen Dynasty.source

Births

  • February 11 – Yejong, king of Goryeo (d. 1122)source
  • April – Urraca, queen regnant of León, Castile and Galicia (d. 1126)source
  • August 8 – Horikawa, emperor of Japan (d. 1107)source
  • Berardo dei Marsi, Italian cardinal and bishop (d. 1130)source
  • Peter Abelard, French scholastic philosopher (d. 1142)source
  • Zheng, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty (d. 1131)source
  • Approximate date – Diepold III, margrave of Vohburgsource
  • Gampopa, Tibetan Buddhist monk and teacher (d. 1153)source
  • Kilij Arslan I, sultan of the Sultanate of Rum (d. 1107)source
  • Liu, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty (d. 1113)source
  • Abū Ṭāhir al-Silafī, Fatimid scholar and writer (d. 1180)source
  • Dangereuse de l'Isle Bouchard, French noblewoman (d. 1151)source

Deaths

  • January 8 – Adela of France, countess of Flanders (b. 1009)source
  • February 22 – John of Fécamp, Italian-Norman abbotsource
  • April 11 – Stanislaus of Szczepanów, Polish bishop (b. 1030)source
  • August 2 – Roman Svyatoslavich, Kievan princesource
  • August 5 – Hezilo (or Hettilo), bishop of Hildesheimsource
  • October – Atsiz ibn Uwaq, Turkish emir of Damascussource
  • November 16 – Cao, empress of the Song dynasty (b. 1016)source
  • Al-Jayyānī, Arab scholar and mathematician (b. 989)source
  • Upon the death of Håkan the Red, Halsten Stenkilsson returns as king of Sweden, jointly with his brother Inge the Elder (approximate date).source
  • Odo of Rennes, duke and regent of Brittany (b. 999)source
  • Håkan the Red, king of Sweden (approximate date)source
  • Adelaide of Savoy, duchess of Swabia (approximate date)source
  • Íñigo López, Spanish nobleman (approximate date)source
  • Wen Tong, Chinese painter and calligrapher (b. 1019)source