Directory

1070 CE

Stigand is deposed as Archbishop of Canterbury in England by papal legates and imprisoned. After 353 years of being exiled to Lugo due to the Muslim occupation of the city of Braga, the Diocese of Braga is restored by order of Ferdinand I of León under Archbishop Pedro of Braga thanks to the advancing Christian forces during the Reconquista. Kulottunga I begins his reign as Chola emperor in South India.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • June – Denmark signs a treaty with England; Sweyn II and his forces leave the country.source
  • Chinese Chancellor Wang Anshi starts the Xining Reforms (which last until 1085).source
  • Approximate date – Halsten Stenkilsson is deposed as king of Sweden, with Håkan the Red becoming king in Götaland, and Anund Gårdske being chosen as king of Svealand.source

Conflict & Security

  • Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester, the first Marcher Lord, invades Wales, capturing parts of Gwynedd.source
  • A successful Byzantine counter-attack drives the Seljuq Turks across the Euphrates.source
  • An invasion of England by Malcolm III of Scotland is repelled.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • Jews from Rouen in Normandy settle in England at the invitation of King William I.source

Religion & Belief

  • April 11 – Stigand is deposed as Archbishop of Canterbury in England by papal legates and imprisoned.source
  • April – Council of Winchester.source
  • May 1 – After 353 years of being exiled to Lugo due to the Muslim occupation of the city of Braga, the Diocese of Braga is restored by order of Ferdinand I of León under Archbishop Pedro of Braga thanks to the advancing Christian forces during the Reconquista.source
  • August 15 – The Pavian-born Benedictine Lanfranc is appointed as the new Archbishop of Canterbury in England.source
  • Spring – King Sweyn II of Denmark joins rebels in England led by Hereward the Wake and captures the Isle of Ely in The Fens of East Anglia. On June 1 Hereward sacks Peterborough Abbey with support from Sweyn's Danes.source
  • The rebuilding of Canterbury Cathedral in England following a fire begins.source
  • Uyghur poet Yusuf Khass Hajib of Balasagun, in the Kara-Khanid Khanate, completes the Kutadgu Bilig ("The Wisdom Which Brings Good Fortune"), and presents it to the prince of Kashgar.source

Technology & Infrastructure

  • The rebuilding of York Minster in England begins.source
  • Construction of Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire, England, by Alan Rufus begins.source

Science & Discovery

  • Song dynasty Chinese astronomer, engineer and statesman Su Song completes the compilation of the Ben Cao Tu Jing, a pharmaceutical treatise with related subjects of botany, zoology, mineralogy and metallurgy.source

Climate & Environment

  • Harrying of the North: William the Conqueror quells rebellions in the north of his Kingdom of England following the invasion by Sweyn II. Widespread famine follows the devastation wrought.source

Culture & Society

  • June 9 – Kulottunga I begins his reign as Chola emperor in South India.source
  • Bergen is founded by King Olaf III of Norway; it will function as the main city and capital of Norway, until it is replaced by Oslo in 1314.source
  • The Temple of Literature, Hanoi, is established in Hanoi, capital of Vietnam.source

Births

  • Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester (d. 1129)source
  • Eupraxia of Kiev, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1109)source
  • Guerric of Igny, French abbot (approximate date)source
  • Hugues de Payens, French knight (approximate date)source
  • Bertrade de Montfort, queen of France (d. 1117)source
  • William of Champeaux, French philosopher (d. 1121)source
  • Giso IV, count of Gudensberg (approximate date)source
  • Tescelin le Roux, Burgundian knight (approximate date)source
  • William de Corbeil, archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1136)source
  • Ramiro Sánchez, Spanish nobleman (approximate date)source
  • Thurstan, archbishop of York (approximate date)source
  • Henry I (the Elder), German nobleman (d. 1103)source
  • Gualfardo of Verona, Italian trader and hermit (d. 1127)source
  • Gertrude of Flanders, duchess of Lorraine (d. 1117)source

Deaths

  • March 6 – Ulric I (or Oldaric), margrave of Carniolasource
  • April 14 – Gerard (the Great), duke of Lorrainesource
  • June 12 – Guido of Acqui (or Wido), Italian bishopsource
  • July 6 – Godelieve, Flemish saint (approximate date)source
  • July 6 – Said al-Andalusi, Taghlib Arab astronomer (b. 1029)source
  • July 17 – Baldwin VI (the Good), count of Flanderssource
  • Bisantius Guirdeliku, Italian nobleman (patrikios)source
  • Vigrahapala III, Indian ruler of the Pala Empiresource
  • Hārūn ibn Malik al-Turk, Turkic military leadersource
  • Athirajendra Chola, Indian ruler of the Chola Empiresource
  • Áurea of San Millán, Spanish anchorite (b. 1043)source
  • Filarete of Calabria, Sicilian monk and saintsource
  • Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani, Persian physician and chroniclersource
  • Theobald of Dorat, French monk and saint (b. 990)source