Directory

1136 CE

The siege of Bagdhad by the Seljuks ends after Abbasid caliph al-Rashid Billah flees to Mosul. Seljuk sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud enters the city the following day. Seljuk sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud appoints al-Rashid Billah's uncle Al-Muqtafi as new caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. Battle of Crug Mawr (Great Barrow): King Owain Gwynedd (styled "Prince of Wales") defeats the Norman and Flemish forces under Robert Fitz Martin, securing the control of Ceredigion (West Wales).

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • February 5 – Treaty of Durham: A peace treaty is signed by Stephen and David I. The Scots are allowed to keep Carlisle and a part of Cumberland in return for stopping their advance. David refuses an oath of allegiance, as his loyalties rest with Matilda (daughter of the late King Henry I).source
  • May 28 – In Russia, the people of Novgorod depose and imprison Prince Vsevolod of Pskov. Novgorod asserts its independence from Kiev, but accepts protection from neighboring Kievan princes. In July, Vsevolod along with his wife and family are released (they are exiled to an uncle in Kiev).source
  • Sultan Mudzaffar Shah I establishes the Kedah Sultanate at Qodah Darul Aman (modern-day Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia).source

Conflict & Security

  • August 14 – The siege of Bagdhad by the Seljuks ends after Abbasid caliph al-Rashid Billah flees to Mosul. Seljuk sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud enters the city the following day.source
  • October – Battle of Crug Mawr (Great Barrow): King Owain Gwynedd (styled "Prince of Wales") defeats the Norman and Flemish forces under Robert Fitz Martin, securing the control of Ceredigion (West Wales).source
  • Summer – Emperor Lothair III invades southern Italy in response to the appeal of Emperor John II Komnenos (see 1135) and conquers Apulia from King Roger II of Sicily. Duke Grimoald of Bari, supported by Lothair III, rebels against Roger.source
  • The city of Béjaïa (modern Algeria) repels a Genoan naval assault.source
  • Spring – King David I of Scotland invades northern England and captures many of the major towns including Carlisle and Newcastle. In response, King Stephen raises an army (with Flemish mercenaries), and marches to Durham. David agrees to negotiate a peace between the two countries.source

Religion & Belief

  • August 18 – Seljuk sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud appoints al-Rashid Billah's uncle Al-Muqtafi as new caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad.source
  • The Basilica of Saint-Denis is completed to designs by Abbot Suger in Paris, France.source
  • Melrose Abbey (located in the Scottish Borders) is founded by Cistercian monks at the request of David.source
  • Worship at the original Glasgow Cathedral in Scotland begins.source
  • Peter Abelard writes the Historia Calamitatum, detailing his relationship with Heloise.source

Crime & Justice

  • December 14 – King Harald IV of Norway is murdered by Sigurd Slembe, an illegitimate son of the late King Magnus Barefoot. He is succeeded by his sons Inge I ("the Hunchback) and his 3-year-old half-brother Sigurd II.source
  • Spring – Raymond of Poitiers, son of the late Duke William IX of Aquitaine, arrives at Antioch. Patriarch Ralph of Domfront (against the wishes of Princess Alice) arranges a marriage in secret with her 8-year-old daughter Constance. She is kidnapped and taken to the cathedral in Antioch, where Ralph hastily marries her to Raymond. Alice leaves the city, now under the control of Raymond and Ralph, and retires to Latakia, Syria.source

Births

  • July 22 – William of Anjou, viscount of Dieppe (d. 1164)source
  • Xia (Shenfu), Chinese empress consort (d. 1167)source
  • Amalric I (or Amalricus), king of Jerusalem (d. 1174)source
  • Humbert III (the Blessed), count of Savoy (d. 1189)source
  • William of Newburgh, English historian and writer (d. 1198)source
  • Marie I (or Mary), countess consort of Boulogne (d. 1182)source
  • Ismail al-Jazari, Artuqid polymath and inventor (d. 1206)source

Deaths

  • April 15 – Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare, Norman noblemansource
  • May 24 – Hugues de Payens, French nobleman and knightsource
  • November 15 – Leopold III, margrave of Austria (b. 1073)source
  • November 21 – William de Corbeil, archbishop of Canterburysource
  • December 14 – Harald IV (Servant of Christ), king of Norwaysource
  • Wanyan Zonghan, Chinese nobleman and general (b. 1080)source
  • Hildegard of Bingen becomes abbess of the Benedictine monastery of Disibodenberg, upon the death of Jutta von Sponheim.source
  • Jutta von Sponheim, German noblewoman and abbes (b. 1091)source
  • Zayn al-Din Gorgani, Persian physician (b. 1041)source
  • Mael Isa Mac Mael Coluim, Irish monk and chronologistsource
  • William VI, count of Auvergne and Velay (b. 1096)source
  • Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd, Welsh princess of Deheubarthsource
  • Abraham bar Hiyya, Spanish mathematician and astronomersource