Directory

37 BCE

The kingdom of Goguryeo in Korea is founded by the king Dongmyeong. (traditional date). Antony reorganizes Asia Minor under strongmen loyal to him. He raises troops from his allies: Amyntas and Archelaus, kings of Galatia and Cappadocia. The old kingdom of Pontus is restored, from Armenia to the River Halys under Polemon I. Caesar Augustus (Octavian) engineers the "Second Pact of Tarentum" which renews the Triumvirate for an additional five years. Mark Antony exchanges 120 ships, for service against Sextus Pompeius. Octavian Caesar donates 1,000 troops from the Praetorian Guard and 20,000 legionaries for the Parthian campaign in Syria.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • Consuls: Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Titus Statilius Taurus.source
  • Antony reorganizes Asia Minor under strongmen loyal to him. He raises troops from his allies: Amyntas and Archelaus, kings of Galatia and Cappadocia. The old kingdom of Pontus is restored, from Armenia to the River Halys under Polemon I.source
  • Caesar Augustus (Octavian) engineers the "Second Pact of Tarentum" which renews the Triumvirate for an additional five years. Mark Antony exchanges 120 ships, for service against Sextus Pompeius. Octavian Caesar donates 1,000 troops from the Praetorian Guard and 20,000 legionaries for the Parthian campaign in Syria.source

Conflict & Security

  • Romans conquer Jerusalem from the Parthians. Herod the Great becomes king of Judea and Ananelus is installed as High Priest; both positions are seized from Antigonus II Mattathias after a five-month siege. Thousands of Jews are slaughtered by Roman troops supporting Herod.source

Technology & Infrastructure

  • Agrippa creates the harbour "Portus Julius" in the today-submersed town of Puteoli (the modern Pozzuoli, close to Naples). The port is used to train the warships for naval battles, and a new fleet is built, with 20,000 oarsmen gathered by freeing slaves. He also incorporates, on quinqueremes, a technical innovation, called the harpax ("snatcher"): a combination ballista and grappling hook, based on the corvus.source

Culture & Society

  • The kingdom of Goguryeo in Korea is founded by the king Dongmyeong. (traditional date)source

Deaths

  • Shangguan, Chinese empress of the Han Dynastysource
  • Orodes II, king of the Parthian Empire (b. 95 BC)source
  • Antigonus II Mattathias (Antigonus the Hasmonean) (executed by order of Mark Antony)source
  • Aristobulus II, king and high priest of Judea (66–63 BC; assassinated)source
  • Jing Fang, Chinese mathematician and music theorist (b. 78 BC)source