{"topic": {"slug": "science-and-discovery", "label": "Science & Discovery"}, "century": {"slug": "17th-century", "label": "17th century"}, "count": 211, "span": ["1600 CE", "1699 CE"], "items": [{"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "A strange aerial phenomenon over the Aarslev meadows is witnessed by local peasants and documented by scholar Holger Rosenkrantz.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363371594#Undated_events", "title": "1600 in Denmark", "revid": 1363371594, "section": "events › Undated events"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1604, "year_label": "1604 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "First publication of Christopher Marlowe's play The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348862771#Date_unknown", "title": "1604", "revid": 1348862771, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1607, "year_label": "1607 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 27", "text": "October 27 – Halley's Comet is seen by Johannes Kepler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358831090#October–December", "title": "1607", "revid": 1358831090, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March", "text": "March: Ursulines arrive in Paris.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736938#Events", "title": "1608 in France", "revid": 1353736938, "section": "Events"}, "country": "France"}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 2", "text": "October 2 – Dutch lens maker Hans Lippershey demonstrates the first telescope in the Dutch Parliament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352783723#October–December", "title": "1608", "revid": 1352783723, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 (August 5 O.S.) – English astronomer Thomas Harriot becomes the first person to make a detailed drawing of the Moon, based on his observations through a telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#July–September", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – Galileo Galilei demonstrates his first telescope to Venetian officials.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#July–September", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Cornelis Drebbel invents the thermostat.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#Date_unknown", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – Galileo Galilei first observes the four Galilean moons of Jupiter: Ganymede, Callisto, Europa and Io, but is unable to distinguish the latter two until the following day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#January–March", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – Galileo Galilei's treatise on astronomy, Sidereus Nuncius, the first printed scientific record of observations through a telescope, is first published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#January–March", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – French astronomers Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc and Joseph Gaultier make the first detailed observations of the Orion Nebula.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#October–December", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – (December 8 O.S.) English astronomer Thomas Harriot becomes the first person on Earth to observe sunspots through a telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#October–December", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1610, "year_label": "1610 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jakob Böhme experiences another inner vision, in which he believes that he further understands the unity of the cosmos, and that he has received a special vocation from God.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361322431#Date_unknown", "title": "1610", "revid": 1361322431, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – Sunspots are observed by telescope, by Frisian astronomers Johannes Fabricius and David Fabricius. Johannes publishes the results of these observations, in De Maculis in Sole observatis in Wittenberg, later this year. Such early discoveries are overlooked, however, and the first sighting is claimed a few months later, by Galileo Galilei and Christoph Scheiner.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#January–March", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "At Jamestown, John Rolfe imports tobacco seeds from the island of Trinidad (Nicotiana tabacum); the native tobacco is Nicotiana rustica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#Date_unknown", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1612, "year_label": "1612 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 15", "text": "December 15 – Simon Marius becomes the first person on Earth to observe the Andromeda Galaxy through a telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366306597#October–December", "title": "1612", "revid": 1366306597, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1612, "year_label": "1612 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – Galileo Galilei becomes the first astronomer to observe the planet Neptune when in conjunction with Jupiter. He mistakenly catalogues it as a fixed star, because of its extremely slow motion along the ecliptic. Neptune will not be truly recognized as a planet until 1846, about 234 years later, when Johann Gottfried Galle first sights it in the Berlin Observatory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366306597#October–December", "title": "1612", "revid": 1366306597, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Ole Worm returns to Denmark joining the University of Copenhagen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341775850#Undated", "title": "1613 in Denmark", "revid": 1341775850, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Poet Ganesa, son of Gopal Das, wrote Jatakalankara, a brief Sanskrit treatise comprising one hundred twenty-five slokas on predictive Hindu astrology", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369729860#Events", "title": "1613 in India", "revid": 1369729860, "section": "Events"}, "country": "India"}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Astronomer Johannes Kepler soon begins to employ logarithms, in his description of the Solar System.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372816433#Date_unknown", "title": "1614", "revid": 1372816433, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Scottish mathematician John Napier publishes Mirifici Logarithmorum Canonis Descriptio (Description of the Admirable Table of Logarithms), outlining his discovery of logarithms, and incorporating the decimal mark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372816433#Date_unknown", "title": "1614", "revid": 1372816433, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1615, "year_label": "1615 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Manuel Dias, a Portuguese Jesuit missionary, introduces the telescope for the first time in China, in his book Tian Wen Lüe (Explicatio Sphaerae Coelestis).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365922608#Date_unknown", "title": "1615", "revid": 1365922608, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1615, "year_label": "1615 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Johannes Kepler publishes Dissertatio cum Nuncio Sidereo, in response to Galileo's discovery of Jupiter's moons.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365922608#Date_unknown", "title": "1615", "revid": 1365922608, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – A commission of Roman Catholic theologians, the \"Qualifiers,\" reports that the idea that the Sun is stationary is \"foolish and absurd in philosophy, and formally heretical since it explicitly contradicts in many places the sense of Holy Scripture...\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#January–February", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Astronomer Galileo Galilei appears before Cardinal Roberto Bellarmino and \"warned of the error of the Copernican opinion taught by him\", and enjoined by the Catholic Church against any attempt to hold, teach or defend the position of Copernicus that the Sun is stationary rather than revolving around the Earth \"in any way whatsoever, verbally or in writing.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#January–February", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "René Descartes, at age 20, graduates in civil and canon law at the University of Poitiers, where he becomes disillusioned with books, preferring to seek truths from \"le grand livre du monde.\" His thesis defense may be written in December.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "William Harvey gives his views on the circulation of blood, as Lumleian Lecturer at the Royal College of Physicians. It is not until 1628 that he gives his views in print.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Italian naturalist Fabio Colonna states that \"tongue stones\" (glossopetrae) are shark teeth, in his treatise De glossopetris dissertatio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Richard Steel and John Crowther complete their journey from Ajmeer in the Mughal Empire to Ispahan in Persia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Ngawang Namgyal arrives in Bhutan, having escaped Tibet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Fortunio Liceti publishes De Monstruorum Natura in Italy, which marks the beginning of studies into malformations of the embryo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "English mathematician Henry Briggs goes to Edinburgh, to show John Napier his efficient method of finding logarithms, by the continued extraction of square roots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jesuit astronomer Christoph Scheiner becomes the advisor to Archduke Maximilian, brother of Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor in Vienna. A lifelong enemy of Galileo, following a dispute over the nature of sunspots, Scheiner is credited with reopening the 1616 accusations against Galileo in 1633.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1618, "year_label": "1618 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (after some initial calculations, he soon rejects the idea, but on May 15 confirms the discovery).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365216026#January–March", "title": "1618", "revid": 1365216026, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1618, "year_label": "1618 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Pluto reaches its second most recent aphelion, according to sophisticated mathematical calculations. The next one occurs in 1866, and the following one will occur in 2113.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365216026#July–September", "title": "1618", "revid": 1365216026, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1618, "year_label": "1618 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – Beginning of the 13th Baktun, in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar (12.0.0.0.0).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365216026#July–September", "title": "1618", "revid": 1365216026, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1619, "year_label": "1619 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10 – While stationed along the Danube river with Bavarian troops, René Descartes, according to his biographer Adrien Baillet, has a series of dreams giving him the idea of applying the mathematical method to philosophy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369562130#October–December", "title": "1619", "revid": 1369562130, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1620, "year_label": "1620 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – Ben Jonson's play News from the New World Discovered in the Moon is given its first performance, a presentation to King James VI and I. In addition to dialogue about actual observations made by telescope of the Moon, the play includes a fanciful discussion of a lunar civilisation, featuring a dance by the \"Volatees\", the lunar race.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363705489#January–March", "title": "1620", "revid": 1363705489, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1621, "year_label": "1621 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December", "text": "December – The Dutch mathematician and astronomer, Willebrord Snel van Royen (1580–1626), reveals he has rediscovered the law of refraction, also known as Snellius' law.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358440931#October–December", "title": "1621", "revid": 1358440931, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "William Burton's Description of Leicester Shire published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736994#Literature", "title": "1622 in England", "revid": 1353736994, "section": "Literature"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Second part of Michael Drayton's Poly-Olbion published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736994#Literature", "title": "1622 in England", "revid": 1353736994, "section": "Literature"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "William Oughtred invents the slide rule.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736994#Events", "title": "1622 in England", "revid": 1353736994, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1623, "year_label": "1623 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 16", "text": "July 16 – A great conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, with the planets only 5 arc minutes apart, the closest between 1226 and 2874. This conjunction likely goes unobserved, as it occurs near the Sun and the telescope has been invented only recently.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655899#July–September", "title": "1623", "revid": 1366655899, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1624, "year_label": "1624 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Henry Briggs publishes Arithmetica Logarithmica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331350573#Date_unknown", "title": "1624", "revid": 1331350573, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1624, "year_label": "1624 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jakob Bartsch first publishes a chart, showing the constellation Camelopardalis around the North Star.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331350573#Date_unknown", "title": "1624", "revid": 1331350573, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1627, "year_label": "1627 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Ole Worm succeeds Hans Poulsen Resen as rector of the University of Copenhagen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363280885#Events", "title": "1627 in Denmark", "revid": 1363280885, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1630, "year_label": "1630 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Italian astronomers Niccolò Zucchi and Daniello Bartoli become the first scientists to observe the belts on the planet Jupiter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351974391#April–June", "title": "1630", "revid": 1351974391, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1630, "year_label": "1630 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Minerva Protecting Peace from Mars", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372038208#Art_and_architecture", "title": "1630 in Belgium", "revid": 1372038208, "section": "Art and architecture"}, "country": "Belgium"}, {"year": 1631, "year_label": "1631 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "William Oughtred publishes Clavis Mathematicae, introducing the multiplication sign (×) and proportion sign (::).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737044#Events", "title": "1631 in England", "revid": 1353737044, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1632, "year_label": "1632 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March", "text": "Anthony van Dyck leaves for London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371125609", "title": "1632 in Belgium", "revid": 1371125609, "section": "Events › March"}, "country": "Belgium"}, {"year": 1632, "year_label": "1632 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The Second Folio of William Shakespeare's plays published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370122498#Literature", "title": "1632 in England", "revid": 1370122498, "section": "Literature"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1633, "year_label": "1633 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 8", "text": "July 8 – The Javanese calendar is commenced on this day by the order of Sultan Agung of the Mataram Sultanate. It is the Javanese adaptation of the Hijri calendar, but it continues the year numbering of the Shaka era widely used in Java then, thus the calendar's epoch is 1 Sura 1555 AJ, corresponding with 1 Muharram 1043 AH.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369169348#July–September", "title": "1633", "revid": 1369169348, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1633, "year_label": "1633 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "John Donne's collected Poems published posthumously.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737067#Literature", "title": "1633 in England", "revid": 1353737067, "section": "Literature"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1633, "year_label": "1633 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "John Ford's play Tis Pity She's a Whore published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737067#Literature", "title": "1633 in England", "revid": 1353737067, "section": "Literature"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1634, "year_label": "1634 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Thomas Johnson begins publishing Mercurius Botanicus, including a list of indigenous British plants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737079#Undated", "title": "1634 in England", "revid": 1353737079, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1634, "year_label": "1634 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "John Ford's history play Perkin Warbeck published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737079#Literature", "title": "1634 in England", "revid": 1353737079, "section": "Literature"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1634, "year_label": "1634 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Instrument of Government (1634)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332296018#Events", "title": "1634 in Sweden", "revid": 1332296018, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1635, "year_label": "1635 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Earliest recorded establishment of a lighthouse in Isle of May.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737095#Full_dates_unknown", "title": "1635 in Scotland", "revid": 1353737095, "section": "Events › Full dates unknown"}, "country": "Scotland"}, {"year": 1636, "year_label": "1636 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Axel Oxenstierna return to Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305149503#Events", "title": "1636 in Sweden", "revid": 1305149503, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1637, "year_label": "1637 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Pierre de Fermat makes a notation, in a document margin, claiming to have proof of what will become known as Fermat's Last Theorem.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339166592#Date_unknown", "title": "1637", "revid": 1339166592, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1637, "year_label": "1637 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "René Descartes promotes intellectual rigour in his Discourse on the Method, and introduces the Cartesian coordinate system in its appendix La Géométrie (published in Leiden).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339166592#Date_unknown", "title": "1637", "revid": 1339166592, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1637, "year_label": "1637 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "René Descartes (1596–1650), Discourse on the Method.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361801466#New_books_published", "title": "1637 in France", "revid": 1361801466, "section": "New books published"}, "country": "France"}, {"year": 1638, "year_label": "1638 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – The full moon is in total eclipse from 1:12 to 2:47 UT, and the solstice occurs later in the day, at 16:05 UT.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352457236#October–December", "title": "1638", "revid": 1352457236, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1639, "year_label": "1639 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 24", "text": "24 November (4 December in Gregorian calendar) – Lancashire astronomers Jeremiah Horrocks and William Crabtree are the first and only scientific observers of a transit of Venus, predicted by Horrocks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368411443#Events", "title": "1639 in England", "revid": 1368411443, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1639, "year_label": "1639 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 4", "text": "December 4 – English astronomer Jeremiah Horrocks makes the first successful prediction and observation of a transit of Venus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360051116#October–December", "title": "1639", "revid": 1360051116, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1639, "year_label": "1639 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The first of the two Golden Horns of Gallehus is found. The second one will be found close by in 1734.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338694482#Undated", "title": "1639 in Denmark", "revid": 1338694482, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1641, "year_label": "1641 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "René Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy is originally published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343658448#Date_unknown", "title": "1641", "revid": 1343658448, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1643, "year_label": "1643 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340617365#Date_unknown", "title": "1643", "revid": 1340617365, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – The first livestock branding law in America is passed in Connecticut.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560996#January–March", "title": "1644", "revid": 1369560996, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1648, "year_label": "1648 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Nicholas Mercator is employed by University of Copenhagen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338677855#Undated", "title": "1648 in Denmark", "revid": 1338677855, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March", "text": "March – Robert Blake is promoted to become a General at Sea of the English fleet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737236#Events", "title": "1649 in England", "revid": 1353737236, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "René Descartes arrives in Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360056733#Events", "title": "1649 in Sweden", "revid": 1360056733, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "A new school regulation is created, including the introduction of Pedagogium, Trivial school and Gymnasium Gymnasium.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360056733#Events", "title": "1649 in Sweden", "revid": 1360056733, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – Italian priest and astronomer Gerolamo Sersale of Naples takes advantage of a full moon and draws an extremely detailed lunar map, which is then engraved and reproduced for other astronomers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#July–September", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Three-wheeled wheelchairs are invented in Nuremberg by watchmaker Stephan Farffler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#Date_unknown", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jacob Jordaens, Allegorical Portrait of a Family (c. 1650)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374090277#Art_and_architecture", "title": "1650 in Belgium", "revid": 1374090277, "section": "Art and architecture"}, "country": "Belgium"}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Swedish copper mining breaks a record with 3,000 tonnes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1278747284#Events", "title": "1650 in Sweden", "revid": 1278747284, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1651, "year_label": "1651 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "William Gilbert's A New Philosophy of Our Sublunar World is published posthumously. It theorises that the fixed stars are not all the same distance from Earth, and that the force of magnetism holds the planets in orbit around the Sun.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737250#Undated", "title": "1651 in England", "revid": 1353737250, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1651, "year_label": "1651 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "William Harvey describes organ formation in the developing embryo in De Generatione.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737250#Undated", "title": "1651 in England", "revid": 1353737250, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1652, "year_label": "1652 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 (April 8 New Style) – Total solar eclipse of April 8, 1652 (\"Black Monday\").", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367149733#January–March", "title": "1652", "revid": 1367149733, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1652, "year_label": "1652 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "House in Diest beguinage dated 1652", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370126941#Art_and_architecture", "title": "1652 in Belgium", "revid": 1370126941, "section": "Art and architecture"}, "country": "Belgium"}, {"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 12", "text": "12 August – Total solar eclipse across large parts of Jutland, Funen and Zealand.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340231090#Events", "title": "1654 in Denmark", "revid": 1340231090, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – French mathematician, scientist and religious philosopher Blaise Pascal experiences an intense mystical vision that marks him for life.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365981814#October_–December", "title": "1654", "revid": 1365981814, "section": "Events › October –December"}}, {"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Martino Martini demonstrates a magic lantern in Leuven", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370210951#Events", "title": "1654 in Belgium", "revid": 1370210951, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Belgium"}, {"year": 1655, "year_label": "1655 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is discovered by Christiaan Huygens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365983750#January–March", "title": "1655", "revid": 1365983750, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – The pendulum clock is invented by Christiaan Huygens, so accurate that it only loses 10 seconds per day. Huygens will mention the date in a letter to Ismail Boulliau a year later.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#October–December", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 8", "text": "8 February – The Swedish host reaches Zealand.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344869944", "title": "1658 in Denmark", "revid": 1344869944, "section": "Events › February"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial and The Garden of Cyrus are published by Thomas Browne in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986033#April–June", "title": "1658", "revid": 1365986033, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "First domestic pendulum clocks advertised for sale in England, by Ahasuerus Fromanteel of London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737308#Events", "title": "1658 in England", "revid": 1353737308, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1659, "year_label": "1659 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 31", "text": "31 January – Central England temperature record begins monthly recording, retrospectively.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737314#Events", "title": "1659 in England", "revid": 1353737314, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1659, "year_label": "1659 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July", "text": "July – Christiaan Huygens's important work on astronomy, Systema Saturnium, is published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986380#July–September", "title": "1659", "revid": 1365986380, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1659, "year_label": "1659 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Thomas Hobbes publishes De Homine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986380#Date_unknown", "title": "1659", "revid": 1365986380, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1659, "year_label": "1659 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Niels Stensen, later known as Nicolas Steno, embarks on his scientific research which will in time gain him a reputation as the father of both anatomy and geology.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342966388#Undated", "title": "1659 in Denmark", "revid": 1342966388, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 25", "text": "25 September – one of the earliest references to tea in England appears in Samuel Pepys's diary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354345496#Events", "title": "1660 in England", "revid": 1354345496, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Robert Boyle's landmark book New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall, Touching the Spring of the Air and its Effects. The second edition in 1662 will contain Boyle's law.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354345496#Publications", "title": "1660 in England", "revid": 1354345496, "section": "Events › Publications"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 19", "text": "October 19 – An English Buccaneer force led by Royal Navy commodore Christopher Myngs launches an attack on Santiago de Cuba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988036#October–December", "title": "1662", "revid": 1365988036, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "c. January – John Graunt, in one of the earliest uses of statistics, publishes statistical information about births and deaths in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988036#January–March", "title": "1662", "revid": 1365988036, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Robert Boyle publishes Nova experimenta physico-mechanica in Oxford (2nd edition), setting forth the law bearing his name.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988036#Date_unknown", "title": "1662", "revid": 1365988036, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "First Danish cadastral survey is completed over the summer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310089241#Undated", "title": "1662 in Denmark", "revid": 1310089241, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "c. January – John Graunt, in one of the earliest uses of statistics, publishes information about births and deaths in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737338#Events", "title": "1662 in England", "revid": 1353737338, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Old Farmer's Almanac published in Swedish", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334798897#Events", "title": "1662 in Sweden", "revid": 1334798897, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1663, "year_label": "1663 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 27", "text": "27 March – the gold guinea coin worth one pound sterling (introduced 6 February) is proclaimed legal tender.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737344#Events", "title": "1663 in England", "revid": 1353737344, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1663, "year_label": "1663 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Robert Hooke discovers that cork is made of \"tiny little rooms\", which he first calls \"Cells\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988068#Date_unknown", "title": "1663", "revid": 1365988068, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1663, "year_label": "1663 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Peder Syv publishes Nogle Betenkninger om det Cimbriske Sprog .", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340198149#Undated", "title": "1663 in Denmark", "revid": 1340198149, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1664, "year_label": "1664 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 19", "text": "March 19 – Polish astronomer Jan Heweliusz becomes the first native of Poland to be inducted into England's Royal Society.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372648278#January–March", "title": "1664", "revid": 1372648278, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1664, "year_label": "1664 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – Robert Hooke discovers Jupiter's Great Red Spot.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372648278#April–June", "title": "1664", "revid": 1372648278, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1664, "year_label": "1664 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jesuit missionary and astronomer Adam Schall von Bell is tried due to accusations by Yang Guangxian", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748835#Events", "title": "1664 in China", "revid": 1243748835, "section": "Events"}, "country": "China"}, {"year": 1665, "year_label": "1665 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – The Journal des sçavans begins publication as the first scientific journal in France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988545#January–March", "title": "1665", "revid": 1365988545, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1665, "year_label": "1665 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – The Journal des sçavans begins publication, the world's first scientific journal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737363#Events", "title": "1665 in France", "revid": 1353737363, "section": "Events"}, "country": "France"}, {"year": 1665, "year_label": "1665 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 6", "text": "March 6 – The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London begins publication in England, the first scientific journal in English and the oldest to be continuously published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988545#January–March", "title": "1665", "revid": 1365988545, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1665, "year_label": "1665 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 6", "text": "6 March – the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London begins publication, the first scientific journal in English and the oldest to be continuously published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737361#Events", "title": "1665 in England", "revid": 1353737361, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1666, "year_label": "1666 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Isaac Newton uses a prism to split sunlight, as referenced in his alchemical works as Lux Dei, into the component colours of the optical spectrum, assisting the understanding of the scientific nature of light. He also develops differential calculus simultaneously with Leibniz. 1666 is consequently referred to as his Annus mirabilis or Newton's \"Year of the Morning Star\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988943#Date_unknown", "title": "1666", "revid": 1365988943, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1666, "year_label": "1666 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Isaac Newton uses a prism to split sunlight (Deus phos) into the component colours of the optical spectrum, assisting understanding of the scientific nature of light. He also develops differential calculus. His discoveries this year lead to it being referred to as his Annus mirabilis or Newton's \"Year of the Morning Star\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737369#Undated", "title": "1666 in England", "revid": 1353737369, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1666, "year_label": "1666 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Publication of the Upsalia antiqua by Johannes Schefferus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356634128#Events", "title": "1666 in Sweden", "revid": 1356634128, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1667, "year_label": "1667 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Isaac Newton has investigated and written on optics, acoustics, the infinitesimal calculus, mechanism and thermodynamics. The works will be published only years later.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989201#Date_unknown", "title": "1667", "revid": 1365989201, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "English scientist Isaac Newton builds the first reflecting telescope (Newton's reflector).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989896#Date_unknown", "title": "1668", "revid": 1365989896, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Isaac Newton builds the first reflecting telescope (Newton's reflector)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737382#Undated", "title": "1668 in England", "revid": 1353737382, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 23", "text": "February 23 – Isaac Newton writes his first description of his new invention, the reflecting telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#January–March", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 23", "text": "23 February – Isaac Newton writes his first description of his new invention, the reflecting telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737390#Events", "title": "1669 in England", "revid": 1353737390, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Samuel Pepys stops writing his diary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#April–June", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 31", "text": "31 May – Samuel Pepys records the last entry in his diary, citing poor eyesight.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737390#Events", "title": "1669 in England", "revid": 1353737390, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 29", "text": "29 October – Isaac Newton appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737390#Events", "title": "1669 in England", "revid": 1353737390, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Blaise Pascal's Pensées is posthumously published in Paris.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#Date_unknown", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Phosphorus is discovered by German alchemist Hennig Brand, the first chemical element to be discovered that was not known since ancient times.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#Date_unknown", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jean Picard begins measurement of 1 degree of Earth's meridian arc in France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#Date_unknown", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "One of a pair of gold sun-discs from ca. 2500–2150 BCE is found at Ballyshannon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247387478#Events", "title": "1669 in Ireland", "revid": 1247387478, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Ireland"}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Jean Picard calculates the Earth radius to within 0.44% of the modern value.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737403#Events", "title": "1670 in France", "revid": 1353737403, "section": "Events"}, "country": "France"}, {"year": 1671, "year_label": "1671 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – The Ortenau meteorite lands in Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365991065#January–March", "title": "1671", "revid": 1365991065, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1671, "year_label": "1671 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – Italian-born French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovers Iapetus, the second known moon of the planet Saturn. Christiaan Huygens had discovered the Saturnian moon Titan on March 25, 1655.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365991065#October–December", "title": "1671", "revid": 1365991065, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, national science academy for England, elects Isaac Newton to its membership, and then demonstrates Newton's reflecting telescope to King Charles II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#January–March", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 11", "text": "11 January – Isaac Newton is elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and it then demonstrates his reflecting telescope to the King.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737432#Events", "title": "1672 in England", "revid": 1353737432, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 6", "text": "6 February – Isaac Newton sends for publication a paper regarding his experiments on the refraction of light through glass prisms and makes the first identification of the primary colours.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737432#Events", "title": "1672 in England", "revid": 1353737432, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 (February 6, 1671 O.S.) – Isaac Newton sends a paper for publication regarding his experiments on the refraction of light through glass prisms and makes the first identification of the \"primary colors\" of visible light on the electromagnetic spectrum, reporting that \"The Original or primary colours are, Red, Yellow, Green, Blew, and a Violet-purple, together with Orange, Indico, and an indefinite variety of Intermediate gradations.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#January–March", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 23", "text": "December 23 – French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovers Rhea, a previously-unknown satellite of the planet Saturn. Rhea is the second-largest overall, and the third moon of Saturn to be discovered by Earth astronomers, Titan having been found by Christiaan Huygens on March 25, 1655 and Iapetus by Cassini on October 25, 1671.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#October–December", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Kangxi leaped at the chance and graciously gave his permission", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748929#Events", "title": "1673 in China", "revid": 1243748929, "section": "Events"}, "country": "China"}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Netherlands scientist Christiaan Huygens files drawings of his invention of the balance spring, the key component to the accuracy of portable clocks and pocket watches, in a letter to the Journal des Sçavants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#January–March", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – John Flamsteed is appointed by King Charles II as England's \"astronomical observator\", in effect, becoming the first Astronomer Royal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#January–March", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 4", "text": "4 March – John Flamsteed appointed as \"astronomical observator\", in effect, the first Astronomer Royal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361434959#Events", "title": "1675 in England", "revid": 1361434959, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 – King Charles II of England places the foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory near London; construction begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#July–September", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 10", "text": "10 August – King Charles places the foundation stone of the Royal Observatory, Greenwich near London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361434959#Events", "title": "1675 in England", "revid": 1361434959, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Gottfried Leibniz makes the first use of the long s (∫) as a symbol of the integral in calculus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#October–December", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Gottfried Leibniz makes the earliest known use of infinitesimal calculus in the breaking down of a function.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#October–December", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Antonie van Leeuwenhoek begins to use a microscope for observing human tissues and liquids.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#Date_unknown", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Giovanni Cassini discovers the Cassini Division in the rings of Saturn.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#Date_unknown", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 18", "text": "18 February – Isaac Newton observes to Robert Hooke that \"If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737473#Events", "title": "1676 in England", "revid": 1353737473, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – Ole Rømer makes the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#October–December", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers microorganisms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#Date_unknown", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Rømer's determination of the speed of light: Danish physicist Ole Rømer makes the first ever quantitative measurements of the speed of light in Paris.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1244606185#Undated", "title": "1676 in Denmark", "revid": 1244606185, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The first fossilised bone of what is now known to be a dinosaur is discovered by Robert Plot, the femur of a Megalosaurus from a limestone quarry at Cornwell near Chipping Norton.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737473#Undated", "title": "1676 in England", "revid": 1353737473, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The Royal Greenwich Observatory in London, designed by Wren, is completed this summer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737473#Undated", "title": "1676 in England", "revid": 1353737473, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observes spermatozoa under the microscope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#Date_unknown", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz gives a complete solution to the tangent problem.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#Date_unknown", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Robert Plot publishes The Natural History of Oxford-shire, Being an Essay Toward the Natural History of England, in which he describes the fossilised femur of a human giant, now known to be from the dinosaur Megalosaurus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#Date_unknown", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Peder Hansen Resen publishes a fragment of his otherwise unpublished Atlas Danicus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342623608#Undated", "title": "1677 in Denmark", "revid": 1342623608, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Fabian Stedman publishes Tintinnalogia, or, the Art of Ringing.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737484#Undated", "title": "1677 in England", "revid": 1353737484, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 28", "text": "March 28 – The nova V529 Orionis is discovered by Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius (Jan Heweliusz).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368552109#January–March", "title": "1678", "revid": 1368552109, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1679, "year_label": "1679 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "A special examination for admission into the Hanlin Academy is held, the Emperor chooses as the topic a rhyme-prose (fu) on the xuanzhi and yuheng, instruments that were then thought to be part of the astronomical system used by the ancient sage-kings to chart the skies", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748957#Events", "title": "1679 in China", "revid": 1243748957, "section": "Events"}, "country": "China"}, {"year": 1680, "year_label": "1680 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – Robert Boyle, having rediscovered the process of manufacturing phosphorus from bone ash, deposits his summary of the directions with The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge. Boyle's assistant, Ambrose Godfrey, later develops Boyle's discovery to produce phosphorus commercially.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365997201#July–September", "title": "1680", "revid": 1365997201, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1680, "year_label": "1680 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – The Great Comet of 1680 is first sighted by Gottfried Kirch, the first comet discovered by telescope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365997201#October–December", "title": "1680", "revid": 1365997201, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1681, "year_label": "1681 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Ole Rømer returns to Denmark from Paris and is appointed as a professor at University of Copenhagen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360081075#Undated", "title": "1681 in Denmark", "revid": 1360081075, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1682, "year_label": "1682 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – A comet that will later become known as Comet Halley, is observed from several locations on Earth after reaching magnitude 2 and becoming visible to the naked eye. Arthur Storer sees it from the North American colony of Maryland, while German astronomer Johannes Hevelius measures it from Danzig (now Gdansk in Poland). Edmond Halley successfully predicts that it will return in 1758.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560956#July–September", "title": "1682", "revid": 1369560956, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1682, "year_label": "1682 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September", "text": "September – Halley's Comet makes an appearance, and is observed by Edmond Halley himself.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367642347#Events", "title": "1682 in England", "revid": 1367642347, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January", "text": "January – Edmond Halley, Christopher Wren and Robert Hooke have a conversation in which Hooke later claimed not only to have derived the inverse-square law, but also all the laws of planetary motion attributed to Sir Isaac Newton. Hooke's claim is that in a letter to Newton on 6 January 1680, he first stated the inverse-square law.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366005630#January–March", "title": "1684", "revid": 1366005630, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 19", "text": "March 19 – In Japan, the Tenna era ends on the 21st day of the 2nd month of the Chinese calendar of the 4th year of the Tenna era and the Jōkyō era begins as Japan's royal astronomer, Shibukawa Shunkai institutes the Jōkyō calendar to replace Chinese calendar which had been used in Japan since 859 AD, after calculating that the length of the solar year is 365.2417 days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366005630#January–March", "title": "1684", "revid": 1366005630, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August", "text": "August – Edmond Halley goes to Cambridge to discuss the problem of planetary motion with Isaac Newton.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366005630#July–September", "title": "1684", "revid": 1366005630, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 10", "text": "December 10 – Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmond Halley.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366005630#October–December", "title": "1684", "revid": 1366005630, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 10", "text": "10 December – Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmund Halley.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737588#Events", "title": "1684 in England", "revid": 1353737588, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Robert Hooke invents the semaphore line.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737588#Undated", "title": "1684 in England", "revid": 1353737588, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – A lunar eclipse is observed in the evening by François-Timoléon de Choisy, amongst others, onboard his ship in the vicinity of Madagascar. The ship was at a latitude of 37 degrees 40 minutes, and the eclipse was not visible from Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369485499#April–June", "title": "1685", "revid": 1369485499, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "According to Daqing Huidian, Anhui province had 35.43 million mu (2.362 ×10 6 hectares) of privately cultivated land. Agricultural Development in Qing China: A Quantitative Study, 1661-1911", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360083804#Events", "title": "1685 in China", "revid": 1360083804, "section": "Events"}, "country": "China"}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "A new law regarding the rights of domestics is issued.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338274095#Events", "title": "1686 in Sweden", "revid": 1338274095, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Sweden"}, {"year": 1687, "year_label": "1687 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 15", "text": "15 April – Christian V's Norwegian Code was introduced.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365975939#Events", "title": "1687 in Norway", "revid": 1365975939, "section": "Events"}, "country": "Norway"}, {"year": 1687, "year_label": "1687 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – An annular solar eclipse is visible from Arabia across the Indian Ocean and across the south of Australia", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363302904#October–December", "title": "1687", "revid": 1363302904, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1687, "year_label": "1687 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Five French Jesuits arrive in Beijing and later help the emperor in the Bureau of Astronomy and in the field of medicine", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243749001#Events", "title": "1687 in China", "revid": 1243749001, "section": "Events"}, "country": "China"}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7 – Six French Jesuit scientists, Joachim Bouvet, Jean-François Gerbillon, Louis-Daniel Lecomte, Guy Tachard, Claude de Visdelou and the leader, Jean de Fontaney, arrive in Beijing and are welcomed by the Emperor of China, Kangxi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#January–March", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The earliest known mention of the balalaika is made.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#Date_unknown", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – A total lunar eclipse is visible in central Asia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#April–June", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 28", "text": "September 28–29 – A total lunar eclipse is visible in eastern America, western Europe and west Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#July–September", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 10", "text": "December 10 – A great comet is visible from Pekin and sightings continue until December 24th, including many from Dutch ships near the equator.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#October–December", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – An annular solar eclipse is visible across the south of the Pacific Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#January–March", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 13", "text": "December 13 – The planet Uranus is first sighted and recorded, by England's first Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, who mistakenly catalogs it as a star 34 Tauri.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#October–December", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December", "text": "December – Earliest recorded sighting of the planet Uranus, by John Flamsteed, who mistakenly catalogues it as the star 34 Tauri.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737671#Events", "title": "1690 in England", "revid": 1353737671, "section": "Events"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiter's atmosphere.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#Date_unknown", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1691, "year_label": "1691 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – An annular solar eclipse is visible across the Philippines, North Borneo and eastern Sumatra.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356137934#January–March", "title": "1691", "revid": 1356137934, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1691, "year_label": "1691 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – A total solar eclipse is visible across South America, Central America and Mexico.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356137934#July–September", "title": "1691", "revid": 1356137934, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1691, "year_label": "1691 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Michel Rolle invents Rolle's theorem, which states that any real-valued differentiable function that attains equal values at two distinct points must have at least one stationary point somewhere between them.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356137934#Date_unknown", "title": "1691", "revid": 1356137934, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – An annular solar eclipse is visible across Russia, western Mongolia, Xinjiang, Iran, Afghanistan and Iran.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#January–March", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 12", "text": "August 12 – A total solar eclipse is visible in the South Atlantic Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#July–September", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – The French ship Soleil Royal, a three-decker First Rank ship with 104 guns, is launched at Brest Dockyard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#October–December", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Robert Molesworth, 1st Viscount Molesworth serves as British ambassador to Denmark, a stay which will eventually result in his publication of An Account of Denmark, as it was in the Year 1692 (1694).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341993594#Full_date_missing", "title": "1692 in Denmark", "revid": 1341993594, "section": "Events › Full date missing"}, "country": "Denmark"}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – A total lunar eclipse is visible across North and South America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#January–March", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – A total lunar eclipse is visible in New Zealand and across the Pacific Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#July–September", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "English astronomer Edmond Halley studies records of births and deaths in Breslau (Poland), producing a life table consolidating year of birth and age at death. He uses this to work out the price of life annuities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#Date_unknown", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Italian barber Giovanni Paolo Feminis creates a perfume water called Aqua Admirabilis, earliest known form of eau de Cologne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#Date_unknown", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – French missionary Jean-Baptiste Labat arrives in the New World, landing at the Caribbean island of Martinique.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353084901#January–March", "title": "1694", "revid": 1353084901, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 22", "text": "June 22 – An annular solar eclipse is visible across North America and the Atlantic Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353084901#April–June", "title": "1694", "revid": 1353084901, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 16", "text": "December 16 – A total solar eclipse is visible across South America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353084901#October–December", "title": "1694", "revid": 1353084901, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1695, "year_label": "1695 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 11", "text": "June 11 – An annular eclipse of the sun is visible across South America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368691153#April–June", "title": "1695", "revid": 1368691153, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – A partial solar eclipse is visible in western Canada and Greenland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#April–June", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – A total lunar eclipse is visible in western Europe and Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#April–June", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – A total lunar eclipse is visible in North and South America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#October–December", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – French writer Charles Perrault releases the book Histoires ou contes du temps passé (literally \"Tales of Past Times\", known in England as \"Mother Goose tales\") in Paris, a collection of popular fairy tales, including Cinderella, Puss in Boots, Red Riding Hood, The Sleeping Beauty and Bluebeard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355431044#January–March", "title": "1697", "revid": 1355431044, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – A total solar eclipse is visible in Central America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#April–June", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – The British Royal Navy ship HMS Hastings, a 32-gun fifth rate, is launched.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#April–June", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November", "text": "November – Tani Jinzan, astronomer and calendar scholar, observes a fire destroy Tosa (now Kōchi) in Japan at the same time as a Leonid meteor shower, taking it as evidence to reinforce belief in the \"Theory of Areas\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#October–December", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Humphrey Hody is appointed regius professor of Greek at Oxford.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#Date_unknown", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Reverend Thomas Bray founds the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737798#Undated", "title": "1698 in England", "revid": 1353737798, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 20", "text": "20 January: Louis XIV gave the French Academy of Sciences its first rules.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737812#Events", "title": "1699 in France", "revid": 1353737812, "section": "Events"}, "country": "France"}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – A total solar eclipse is visible across the southern Indian Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560904#January–March", "title": "1699", "revid": 1369560904, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 23", "text": "September 23 – A total solar eclipse is visible in the northern hemisphere across Europe, the Middle East and north India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560904#July–September", "title": "1699", "revid": 1369560904, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Edward Lhuyd produces the first published scientific treatment of what would now be recognized as a dinosaur, describing and naming a sauropod tooth, Rutellum implicatum found at Caswell, near Witney, Oxfordshire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737805#Undated", "title": "1699 in England", "revid": 1353737805, "section": "Events › Undated"}, "country": "England"}], "prev": {"slug": "16th-century", "label": "16th century"}, "next": {"slug": "18th-century", "label": "18th century"}}