{"slug": "yunnan", "label": "Yunnan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43194", "qid": "Q43194", "description": "province of China", "entries": 30, "years": 28, "span": [-134, 1970], "span_label": ["135 BCE", "1970 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 13}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Yunnan Province", "Yunnan Province, Republic of China", "Yunnan province"], "related": [{"slug": "wu-sangui", "label": "Wu Sangui", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "ming-dynasty", "label": "Ming dynasty", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "myanmar", "label": "Myanmar", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kublai-khan", "label": "Kublai Khan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thailand", "label": "Thailand", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "qing-dynasty", "label": "Qing dynasty", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kangxi-emperor", "label": "Kangxi Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "yuan-dynasty", "label": "Yuan dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hongwu-emperor", "label": "Hongwu Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "vietnam", "label": "Vietnam", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -134, "year_label": "135 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Han military campaign against the Dian Kingdom establishes a military commandery in the Yunnan region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1288516858#China", "title": "135 BC", "revid": 1288516858, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -108, "year_label": "109 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Han campaigns against Dian: Emperor Wu launches a new campaign against the Dian Kingdom and establishes the Yizhou commandery in Yunnan during the dynasty's expansion southward.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325703810#Asia", "title": "109 BC", "revid": 1325703810, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1253, "year_label": "1253 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Mongol forces under Kublai Khan conquer the Dali Kingdom (modern-day Yunnan). The population migrates to Siam (modern Thailand).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362664638#Asia", "title": "1253", "revid": 1362664638, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1257, "year_label": "1257 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Mongol forces under Uriyangkhadai conduct a campaign against local Yi and Lolo tribes in Vietnam. He returns to Gansu and sends messengers to the court of Möngke Khan informing him that Yunnan is firmly under Mongolian control. Möngke Khan honors and rewards Uriyangkhadai for his military achievements.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011805#Mongol_Empire", "title": "1257", "revid": 1350011805, "section": "Events › By place › Mongol Empire"}}, {"year": 1277, "year_label": "1277 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Ngasaunggyan: A Burmese army (some 80,000 men) led by King Narathihapate (or Sithu IV) invades Mongol territory in Yunnan. The invasion is repelled by the Mongol forces, who counterattack, reaching as far south as the fortress city of Kaungsin (\"Gold Teeth\"), which guards the Bhamo Pass in northern Myanmar. Later, the Burmese Pagan Empire begins to disintegrate after several Mongol invasions under Kublai Khan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362646784#Asia", "title": "1277", "revid": 1362646784, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1381, "year_label": "1381 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Ming dynasty of China annexes the areas of the old Kingdom of Dali, in modern-day Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, inhabited by the Miao and Yao peoples. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese (including military colonists) will migrate there from the rest of China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365430794#Date_not_known", "title": "1381", "revid": 1365430794, "section": "Events › Date not known"}}, {"year": 1382, "year_label": "1382 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Ming dyansty China, ruled by the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, completes the conquerst of Yunnan the remaining portion of China still occupied by the Yuan dyansty in what is now the Yunnan province. General Fu Youde leads 250,000 Ming Chinese troops overwhelming the smaller Yunnan force of Mongol and Chinese Muslim troops.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367364320#April–June", "title": "1382", "revid": 1367364320, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1405, "year_label": "1405 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – The Imperial Chinese Army invades the Lan Na kingdom, covering an area now divided between Myanmar, Thailand and China's Yunnan province.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337543539#October–December", "title": "1405", "revid": 1337543539, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1406, "year_label": "1406 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – Chinese troops commanded by General Zhang Fu cross into Vietnam from Guanxi while those of Mu Sheng cross from Yunnan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357536622#October–December", "title": "1406", "revid": 1357536622, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1445, "year_label": "1445 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – (3rd waxing of Nadaw 807 ME) In the city of Bhamo (now in Myanmar), Chinese troops invade and proceed toward Inwa, the fortified capital of the Kingdom of Ava in pursuit of Thonganbwa, the ruler of the independent state of Mogaung, who had led numerous raids into China's Yunnan Province. King Narapati I of Ava, who had captured Thonganbwa in 1442, negotiates an agreement to hand Thonganbwa over to the Chinese in return for assistance in helping Ava conquer rebels in Yamethin. Before he can be turned over to China for execution, Thonganbwa commits suicide, but China accepts his corpse as a recognition of Ava's submission.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372937#October–December", "title": "1445", "revid": 1370372937, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1583, "year_label": "1583 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – A Burmese Army force of 16,000 men, commanded by Thado Dhamma Yaza II of Prome and Nawrahta Minsaw of Lan Na to suppress the rebellious of the Shan States in the modern-day Yunnan province of China, is welcomed by King Nanda Bayin at the royal capital, Pegu, after a successful punitive expedition. The commanders bring with them the rebel chief from the Sanda state.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363312090#April–June", "title": "1583", "revid": 1363312090, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1659, "year_label": "1659 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "At the behest of Hong Chengchou, the Qing court grants Wu Sangui own fiefdom, effectively gaining all civilian and military control in Yunnan province.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363645375#Events", "title": "1659 in China", "revid": 1363645375, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "For his efforts defeating Ming loyalist forces, Wu Sangui is rewarded with the title of Pingxi Wang (平西王; translated as \"Prince Who Pacifies the West\" or \"King Who Pacifies the West\") with a fief in Yunnan by the Qing imperial court, Guizhou is added to his domain later that year", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363645495#Events", "title": "1662 in China", "revid": 1363645495, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1667, "year_label": "1667 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Wu Sangui submitted a request to the Kangxi Emperor, asking for permission to be relieved of his duties in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, on the premise that he was ill, but Kangxi, not yet ready for a trial of strength with him, refused.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748858#Events", "title": "1667 in China", "revid": 1243748858, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December — The Revolt of the Three Feudatories broke out in 1673 when Wu Sangui's forces, based in his fiefdom in Yunnan, overran most of southwest China and he tried to ally himself with local generals such as Wang Fuchen. He declares his intent to restore the Ming dynasty", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748929#Events", "title": "1673 in China", "revid": 1243748929, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – In China, General Wu Sangui begins the Revolt of the Three Feudatories, a rebellion against the Qing dynasty by killing the Governor of the Yunnan province, Zhu Guozhi. Within 10 days, he leads troops on an expedition to take over the neighboring Guizhou province and by 1676 controls 11 of China's provinces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992268#October–December", "title": "1673", "revid": 1365992268, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Revolt of the Three Feudatories in southern China: rebel general Wu Sangui, lord of the Yunnan fief, takes the imperial crown, names himself monarch of \"The Great Zhou\", based in the Hunan province, with Hengyang as his capital. He contracts dysentery over the summer and dies on October 2, ending the rebellion against the Kangxi Emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368552109#January–March", "title": "1678", "revid": 1368552109, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1679, "year_label": "1679 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Building of the Ganden Sumtseling Monastery, a Tibetan Buddhist monastery near Zhongdian at elevation 3,380 metres (11,090 ft) in Yunnan province", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748957#Events", "title": "1679 in China", "revid": 1243748957, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1681, "year_label": "1681 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – Wu Shifan, grandson of Chinese general Wu Sangui, commits suicide at Kunming in Yunnan province, ending the 8-year Revolt of the Three Feudatories against the Kangxi Emperor and the Qing dynasty in China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361310073#October–December", "title": "1681", "revid": 1361310073, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1828, "year_label": "1828 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Guangyun Temple is a Buddhist temple located in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County of Yunnan, China. first built in 1828 by the Yunnan government", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243749081#Establishments", "title": "1828 in China", "revid": 1243749081, "section": "Establishments"}}, {"year": 1833, "year_label": "1833 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 6", "text": "September 6 – At least 6,000 people are killed when an 8.0 magnitude earthquake shakes the Chinese province of Yunnan destroying buildings, homes and temples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983797#July–September", "title": "1833", "revid": 1369983797, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1853, "year_label": "1853 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "a conflict between Han and Hui miners in Yunnan contributes to the later Panthay Rebellion", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243749186#Events", "title": "1853 in China", "revid": 1243749186, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1855, "year_label": "1855 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The third plague pandemic breaks out in Yunnan, China. This bubonic plague pandemic eventually spreads to all inhabited continents, and ultimately leads to more than 12 million deaths in India and China (estimated 15 million worldwide) making it one of the deadliest pandemics in history. The pandemic is considered active until 1960.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358982600#Undated", "title": "1855", "revid": 1358982600, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1855, "year_label": "1855 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Third plague pandemic, major bubonic plague pandemic that begins in Yunnan and later spread across China and into India", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1279235504#Events", "title": "1855 in China", "revid": 1279235504, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1873, "year_label": "1873 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "Genocide that reduced the population of Yunnan by at least 5 million", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243749766#Events", "title": "1873 in China", "revid": 1243749766, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 21", "text": "February 21 — Margary Affair British explorer Augustus Raymond Margary and his entire staff murdered in Yunnan", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340080139#Events", "title": "1875 in China", "revid": 1340080139, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – At 22:42 local time a 7.0 earthquake shakes the Chinese province of Yunnan killing 5,000 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367485783#March", "title": "1925", "revid": 1367485783, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "A cholera epidemic in Yunnan province kills around 200 people", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310274856#Events", "title": "1942 in China", "revid": 1310274856, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – Radio Peking claims that U.S. planes have shot down a Chinese plane over Yunnan (the U.S. denies the story the next day).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#May", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – The 7.1 Mw Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Between 10,000 and 14,621 are killed and 30,000 injured.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#January", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › January"}}]}