{"slug": "yuezhi", "label": "Yuezhi", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuezhi", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467985", "qid": "Q467985", "description": "ancient people mentioned in Chinese histories", "entries": 9, "years": 9, "span": [-204, 185], "span_label": ["205 BCE", "185 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Greater Yuezhi"], "related": [{"slug": "bactria", "label": "Bactria", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "xiongnu", "label": "Xiongnu", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "zhang-qian", "label": "Zhang Qian", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kushan-empire", "label": "Kushan Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "scythians", "label": "Scythians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "han-dynasty", "label": "Han dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "buddhists", "label": "Buddhists", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chinese-language", "label": "Chinese language", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "modu-chanyu", "label": "Modu Chanyu", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gansu", "label": "Gansu", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "emperor-wu-of-han", "label": "Emperor Wu of Han", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -204, "year_label": "205 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Xiongnu leader, Modu Chanyu, conquers the neighbouring nomadic Yuezhi and Donghu peoples, thereby establishing the Xiongnu Empire. He appoints a Tuqi King of the left (east) and a Tuqi King of the right (west) to prevent rebellions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361853505#Northern_Asia", "title": "205 BC", "revid": 1361853505, "section": "Events › By place › Northern Asia"}}, {"year": -173, "year_label": "174 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Xiongnu attack the Yuezhi, and force them away from Gansu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209269072#Mongolia", "title": "174 BC", "revid": 1209269072, "section": "Events › By place › Mongolia"}}, {"year": -140, "year_label": "141 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Yuezhi refugees appear on the borders of the Greco-Bactrian kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326020399#Bactria", "title": "141 BC", "revid": 1326020399, "section": "Events › By place › Bactria"}}, {"year": -138, "year_label": "139 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Wu of Han sends the diplomat Zhang Qian west to form an alliance with the Yuezhi against the Xiongnu. Wu does this after learning from Xiongnu defectors that the Xiongnu had defeated and killed the king of the Yuezhi, had expelled the Yuezhi from their lands and were using their king's skull as a wine goblet. The Yuezhi had subsequently migrated further west.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305121804#China", "title": "139 BC", "revid": 1305121804, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -128, "year_label": "129 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Han diplomat Zhang Qian escapes Xiongnu custody and resumes his mission of forming an anti-Xiongnu alliance with the Yuezhi. He reaches the State of Dayuan in the Ferghana Valley, whose trade with the Han had been prevented by the Xiongnu and who supply Zhang with guides. Zhang then travels to the states of Kangju, Greater Yuezhi and Daxia (Bactria). He also learns of the Parthian Empire, Daqin, the Caspian Sea and the source of the Yellow River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561461#China", "title": "129 BC", "revid": 1369561461, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -127, "year_label": "128 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Having spent a year in Greater Yuezhi, the Han diplomat Zhang Qian begins his return journey to China, having failed to persuade Yuezhi's king to form an alliance against the Xiongnu. Passing by the Pamir, Kunlun, Altun and Qilian Mountains, he and his retinue are then captured by the Xiongnu and taken into custody.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318575176#China", "title": "128 BC", "revid": 1318575176, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -11, "year_label": "12 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "King Azes II dies. The rule of the Indo-Scythians crumbles as the Kushans, one of the five tribes of the Yuezhi who live in Bactria expand into India to create a Kushan Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372852966#India", "title": "12 BC", "revid": 1372852966, "section": "Events › By place › India"}}, {"year": 50, "year_label": "50 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Yuezhi tribes are united under the Kushan leader Kujula Kadphises, thus creating the Kushan Empire in Afghanistan and northern India (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373339620#South_Asia", "title": "50s", "revid": 1373339620, "section": "Events › 50 AD › South Asia"}}, {"year": 185, "year_label": "185 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Zhi Yao, a Kushan Buddhist monk of Yuezhi ethnicity, translates Buddhist texts into the Chinese language during the Han dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371308362#China", "title": "AD 185", "revid": 1371308362, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}]}