{"slug": "william-iii-of-england", "label": "William III of England", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_III_of_England", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129987", "qid": "Q129987", "description": "King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 1702 (1650-1702)", "entries": 78, "years": 25, "span": [1650, 1722], "span_label": ["1650 CE", "1722 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 33}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 18}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 15}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["William III of Ireland", "William III of Orange"], "related": [{"slug": "james-ii-of-england", "label": "James II of England", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "mary-ii", "label": "Mary II", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "nine-years-war", "label": "Nine Years' War", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "stadtholder", "label": "Stadtholder", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "old-style-and-new-style-dates", "label": "Old Style and New Style dates", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "dutch-republic", "label": "Dutch Republic", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "protestantism", "label": "Protestantism", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "jacobitism", "label": "Jacobitism", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "grand-alliance-league-of-augsburg", "label": "Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "parliament-of-england", "label": "Parliament of England", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "anne-queen-of-great-britain", "label": "Anne, Queen of Great Britain", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 3}], "items": [{"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – King William III of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d. 1702)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#Births", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – William III of Orange becomes Prince of the House of Orange at the moment of his birth, succeeding his father, who had died a few days earlier. He does not become stadtholder, so the United Provinces becomes a true republic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#October–December", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1657, "year_label": "1657 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – Treaty of Raalte: William III, Prince of Orange is no longer stadtholder of Overijssel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656979#October–December", "title": "1657", "revid": 1366656979, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Willem, Prince of Orange, the 21-year-old Stadtholder of Gelderland and Utrecht, is approved by the States General of the Dutch Republic to command the Dutch States Army for the impending war with England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#January–March", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 25", "text": "25 February – Willem, Prince of Orange, the 21-year-old Stadtholder of Gelderland and Utrecht and future King William III of England, is approved by the States General of the Dutch Republic to command the Dutch States Army for the impending war with England. On 4 July he is appointed Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737432#Events", "title": "1672 in England", "revid": 1353737432, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – William III of Orange is appointed Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#July–September", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "September 10", "text": "September 10 – William III of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, dismisses nine of the regenten who lead cities in the Netherlands, after being granted authority by the States-General.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#July–September", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 12", "text": "September 12 – William, Prince of Orange occupies Naarden, Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992268#July–September", "title": "1673", "revid": 1365992268, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 13", "text": "November 13 – Dutch troops commanded by Raimondo Montecuccoli and William, Prince of Orange conquer Bonn.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992268#October–December", "title": "1673", "revid": 1365992268, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1674, "year_label": "1674 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 26", "text": "April 26 – In the Netherlands, the jurisdiction of Willem, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Holland (on the west coast, including Amsterdam and Rotterdam) and Zeeland (southwest coast, including Middelburg, Zeeland), increases in the Dutch Republic as his followers in the inland States of Utrecht (Utrecht, Gelderland and Overijssel) designate him as the hereditary stadtholder. In 1689, he becomes the King of England in addition to his role as the Stadtholder of the Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128656#April–June", "title": "1674", "revid": 1365128656, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1674, "year_label": "1674 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – The French army under Prince Louis, Grand Condé fights the Dutch–Spanish–Imperial army under William III of Orange at Seneffe in a very bloody, but inconclusive battle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128656#July–September", "title": "1674", "revid": 1365128656, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1674, "year_label": "1674 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – Battle of Seneffe: The French army under Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé defeats the Dutch–Spanish–Austrian army under William III of Orange.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737458#Events", "title": "1674 in France", "revid": 1353737458, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – Franco-Dutch War: Battle of Cassel – A French force under Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, defeats a combined Dutch-Spanish force under William of Orange in French Flanders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#April–June", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 14", "text": "August 14 – William of Orange, the leader of the Dutch Republic, is forced to end the siege of the Spanish Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) city of Charleroi after six days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#July–September", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – The future Mary II of England marries William of Orange in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#October–December", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 4", "text": "4 November – William of Orange marries Princess Mary of York at St James's Palace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737484#Events", "title": "1677 in England", "revid": 1353737484, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "A group of conspirators meet at Charborough House in Dorset to plan the overthrow of James II by Parliamentarians and the Dutch Stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (James's son-in-law).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737615#Undated", "title": "1686 in England", "revid": 1353737615, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – King James II of England appoints four Roman Catholics to the Privy Council of England, in defiance of the Test Acts, which bar Catholics from public office. Suspicions about James's intentions lead to a group of conspirators meeting at Charborough House in Dorset, to plan his overthrow and replacement with the Protestant Dutch Stadtholder, William III of Orange-Nassau (James's son-in-law).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368502958#July–September", "title": "1686", "revid": 1368502958, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 30", "text": "June 30 – A high-powered conspiracy of notables (the Immortal Seven) invite Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange and Princess Mary to \"defend the liberties of England\", and depose King James VII and II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#April–June", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 30", "text": "30 June – a conspiracy of notables, the \"Immortal Seven\", send the Invitation to William, inviting William of Orange and Mary to depose James II, as has been planned since April. Mary is James's second heir, her husband (and cousin) is James's nephew, and both have been raised Protestant.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737642#Events", "title": "1688 in England", "revid": 1353737642, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 27", "text": "August 27 – The funding of the armed invasion of William III in England causes a financial crisis in the Dutch Republic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#July–September", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 (November 1 OS) – Glorious Revolution: William III of Orange sets sail a second time from Hellevoetsluis, the Netherlands, to take over England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#October–December", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 15", "text": "November 15 (November 5 OS) – The Glorious Revolution begins: William of Orange lands at Torbay, England with a multinational force of 20,000 soldiers. He makes no claim to the British Crown, saying only that he has come to save Protestantism and to maintain English liberty, and begins a march on London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#October–December", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – William of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic and the future King William III of the United Kingdom, enters London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#October–December", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Supporters of William of Orange seize Liverpool Castle in the north west of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#Date_unknown", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "6 February – the Convention Parliament reads the Declaration of Right to William of Orange and his wife, Mary (daughter of the exiled James II) in formally offering them the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369556259#Events", "title": "1689 in England", "revid": 1369556259, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 13", "text": "13 February – William III and Mary II are proclaimed co-rulers of England, Scotland and Ireland in a ceremony at the Guildhall in the City of London but are not yet recognised in Scotland or Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369556259#Events", "title": "1689 in England", "revid": 1369556259, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 13", "text": "13 February – the Protestant William, Prince of Orange, and Mary II are proclaimed co-rulers of England, Ireland and Scotland in London following the deposition of the Catholic James II at the end of 1688 but are not yet recognised in Ireland or Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366636271#Events", "title": "1689 in Ireland", "revid": 1366636271, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 23", "text": "February 23 (February 13, 1688 O.S.) – William III and Mary II are proclaimed co-rulers of England, Scotland and Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#January–March", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 21", "text": "21 March – Robert Lundy swears allegiance to William III and Mary II and is commissioned as governor of Derry, where he commands the garrison.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366636271#Events", "title": "1689 in Ireland", "revid": 1366636271, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 (O.S.) – William III and Mary II are crowned in London as King and Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Ireland does not recognise them yet, while the Estates of Scotland declare King James VII deposed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#April–June", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – Nine Years' War: With England and the Netherlands now both ruled by William III, they join the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), thus escalating the conflict, which continues until 1697. This is also the effective beginning of King William's War, the first of four North American Wars (until 1763) between English and French colonists, both sides allied to Native American tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements, across the Canadian and New England borders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#April–June", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 12", "text": "12 May – Nine Years' War: With England and the Netherlands both now ruled by William III, they join the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), thus escalating the conflict, which continues until 1697. This is also the effective beginning of King William's War, the first of four North American Wars until 1763 between English and French colonists, both sides allied to Native American tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements across the Canadian and New England borders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737660#Events", "title": "1689 in France", "revid": 1353737660, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – First Jacobite rising: Battle of Killiecrankie near Pitlochry in Perthshire – Scottish Covenanter supporters of William III and Mary II (under Hugh Mackay) are defeated by Jacobite supporters of James II, but the latter's leader, John Graham, Viscount Dundee, is killed. Hand grenades are used in action.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#July–September", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – King William III of England calls for new elections for the 512-member House of Commons", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#January–March", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland to confront James II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#April–June", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "14 June – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands at Carrickfergus in Ulster and marches south to take Dublin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318501333#Events", "title": "1690 in Ireland", "revid": 1318501333, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "1 July (O.S.) – Battle of the Boyne in Ireland: William III defeats the deposed James II who returns to exile in France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737671#Events", "title": "1690 in England", "revid": 1353737671, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "1 July (O.S.) – Battle of the Boyne: William III defeats the deposed James II of England, who returns to exile in France from Kinsale.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318501333#Events", "title": "1690 in Ireland", "revid": 1318501333, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 (July 1 O.S.) – Battle of the Boyne in Ireland: King William III of England (William of Orange) defeats the deposed James II, who returns to exile in France. The rebellion in Ireland continues for a further year until the Orange army gains full control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#July–September", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1691, "year_label": "1691 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – King William III of England, who rules Scotland and Ireland as well as being the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, departs from Margate to tend to the affairs of the Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356137934#January–March", "title": "1691", "revid": 1356137934, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – English Army General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, a close adviser to King William III of England, is fired from all of his jobs by the English Secretary of State, the Earl of Nottingham, on orders of Queen Mary II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#January–March", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 13", "text": "February 13 – Massacre of Glencoe: The forces of Robert Campbell slaughter around 30 members of the Clan MacDonald of Glencoe in Scotland (from whom they have previously accepted hospitality), for delaying to sign an oath of allegiance to King William III of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#January–March", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 3", "text": "3 August – War of the Grand Alliance: the allied forces of England and the Dutch Republic led by King William III of England are defeated at the Battle of Steenkerque.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737702#Events", "title": "1692 in England", "revid": 1353737702, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 5", "text": "5 October – the first meeting of the Parliament of Ireland under William III is held. This is the first time it has met for 26 years (apart from the Patriot Parliament of 1689). It passes An Act of Recognition of their Majesties undoubted Right to the Crown of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326391680#Events", "title": "1692 in Ireland", "revid": 1326391680, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 8", "text": "8 February – the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, is granted a Royal charter from King William III and Queen Mary II of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737717#Events", "title": "1693 in England", "revid": 1353737717, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 9", "text": "9 March – the House of Commons of England presents an address to King William III complaining of mismanagement of Irish affairs. The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Viscount Sydney, is recalled on 13 June and administration left in the hands of Lords Justices.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1329065303#Events", "title": "1693 in Ireland", "revid": 1329065303, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 19", "text": "19 July (29 July New Style) – Nine Years' War: The Dutch-English army led personally by King William III of England is defeated by the French (with Irish Jacobite mercenaries) at the Battle of Landen near Neerwinden in Flemish Brabant.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737717#Events", "title": "1693 in England", "revid": 1353737717, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – Nine Years' War – Battle of Landen: William III of England is defeated by the French (with Irish Jacobite mercenaries).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#July–September", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 28", "text": "28 December – with the death of Queen Mary II (aged 32) from smallpox at Kensington Palace, King William III becomes sole monarch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737735#Events", "title": "1694 in England", "revid": 1353737735, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 28", "text": "28 December – with the death of Queen Mary II, William III becomes sole monarch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247387093#Events", "title": "1694 in Ireland", "revid": 1247387093, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1695, "year_label": "1695 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 (December 28, 1694 O.S.) – The United Kingdom's last joint monarchy, the reign of husband-and-wife King William III and Queen Mary II comes to an end with the death of Queen Mary, at the age of 32. Princess Mary had been installed as the monarch along with her husband and cousin, Willem Hendrik von Oranje, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, in 1689 after King James II was deposed by Willem during the \"Glorious Revolution\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368691153#January–March", "title": "1695", "revid": 1368691153, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1695, "year_label": "1695 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – Nine Years' War: France surrenders Namur, Spanish Netherlands to forces of the Grand Alliance, led by King William III of England, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, following the 2-month Siege of Namur.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368691153#July–September", "title": "1695", "revid": 1368691153, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1695, "year_label": "1695 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 1", "text": "1 September – Nine Years' War: France surrenders Namur in the Spanish Netherlands to forces of the Grand Alliance led by King William III of England following the 2-month Siege of Namur.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737755#Events", "title": "1695 in England", "revid": 1353737755, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1695, "year_label": "1695 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – King William III of England dissolves Parliament in the wake of a scandal involving former Speaker of the House of Commons John Trevor and other Tory MPs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368691153#October–December", "title": "1695", "revid": 1368691153, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – A plot to ambush and assassinate King William III of England in order to restore King James and the House of Stuart to the throne is foiled when the king cancels his usual plan to return from a hunting trip by way of the road between Turnham Green and Brentford. The king's guard is alerted by the Earl of Portland, William Bentinck, who had been approached on February 13 by Sir Thomas Prendergast.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#January–March", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 15", "text": "15 February – a Jacobite assassination attempt against King William III is foiled.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737772#Events", "title": "1696 in England", "revid": 1353737772, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – King William III of England departs from the Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#January–March", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – The Dutch state of Drenthe makes William III of Orange its Stadtholder.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#July–September", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 20", "text": "September 20 – The Treaty of Ryswick is signed by France and the Grand Alliance, to end both the Nine Years' War and King William's War. Louis XIV of France recognises William III as King of England & Scotland, and both sides return territories they have taken in battle. In North America, the treaty returns Port-Royal (Acadia) to France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355431044#July–September", "title": "1697", "revid": 1355431044, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 20", "text": "20 September – The Treaty of Ryswick is signed by France and the Grand Alliance to end both the Nine Years' War and King William's War. The conflict having been inconclusive, the treaty is proposed because the combatants have exhausted their national treasuries. Louis XIV recognises William III as King of England and Scotland, and both sides return territories they have taken in battle. In North America, the treaty returns Port Royal (Nova Scotia) to France. In practice, the treaty is little more than a truce; it does not resolve any of the fundamental colonial problems, and the peace lasts only five years", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360551346#Events", "title": "1697 in France", "revid": 1360551346, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Lord Mayor of Dublin's gold chain of office is presented by King William III to Dublin Corporation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300659417#Events", "title": "1698 in Ireland", "revid": 1300659417, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – King William III of England issues a proclamation of \"our most gracious pardon unto all such pirates in the East Indies, viz., all eastward of the Cape of Good Hope, who shall surrender themselves for piracies or robberies committed by them upon sea or land\" before April 30, 1699, to Captain Thomas Warren, but specifically \"excepting Henry Every, alias Bridgman, and William Kidd.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#October–December", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – The Parliament of England (under Tory dominance) limits the size of the country's standing army to 7,000 'native born' men; hence, King William III's Dutch Blue Guards cannot serve in the line. By an Act of February 1, it also requires disbandment of foreign troops in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560904#January–March", "title": "1699", "revid": 1369560904, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September", "text": "September – While in the Netherlands, William III meets his cousin Sophia at Het Loo Palace. This is a precursor to the Act of Settlement of the following year that opens the way to the future succession of the House of Hanover.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737826#Events", "title": "1700 in England", "revid": 1353737826, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1701, "year_label": "1701 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – The Act of Settlement 1701 is passed by the Parliament of England, to exclude the Catholic Stuarts from the British monarchy. Under its terms, King William III, childless, will be succeeded by Queen Mary II's sister Princess Anne and her descendants. If Anne should have no descendants, she will be succeeded by Sophia of Hanover and her descendants (hence the Hanoverian Succession in 1714).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366683505#April–June", "title": "1701", "revid": 1366683505, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1701, "year_label": "1701 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 24", "text": "24 June — the Act of Settlement 1701, by the Parliament of England, becomes law; the crown of Great Britain passes to Sophia, Electress of Hanover and her Protestant descendants on the death of Princess Anne, the heiress presumptive to the throne after her brother-in-law, King William III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365195016#Events", "title": "1701 in England", "revid": 1365195016, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1701, "year_label": "1701 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – the Act of Settlement 1701, passed by the Parliament of England, becomes law. Sophia of Hanover and her Protestant descendants are next in line to the throne following Anne, the heir apparent to her brother-in-law King William III, ensuring that no Catholic will inherit the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351866843#Events", "title": "1701 in Ireland", "revid": 1351866843, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1701, "year_label": "1701 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – an equestrian statue of King William III by Grinling Gibbons is unveiled by Dublin Corporation on College Green on the 11th anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351866843#Events", "title": "1701 in Ireland", "revid": 1351866843, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1701, "year_label": "1701 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 (O.S., November 22 N.S.) – The House of Commons of England is dissolved by King William III and new elections are called for all 531 seats.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366683505#October–December", "title": "1701", "revid": 1366683505, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 20", "text": "20 February – William III falls from his horse, Sorrel, in Richmond Park after it stumbles on a molehill and breaks his clavicle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737852#Events", "title": "1702 in England", "revid": 1353737852, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 (February 20 O.S.) – King William III of England is fatally injured in an accident when he is thrown from his horse, \"Sorrel\", when it trips on a molehill in Hampton Court Park near London. Already in poor health before the accident, he dies from complications 16 days later at the age of 51.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#January–March", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (b. 1650)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#Deaths", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "8 March – King William II of Scotland (William III of England and Ireland and Stadtholder of the Netherlands) dies in London following complications from a fall from his horse when it stumbles on a molehill and is succeeded by Queen Anne, the last Stuart monarch on the English, Scottish and Irish thrones.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737859#Events", "title": "1702 in Scotland", "revid": 1353737859, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1712, "year_label": "1712 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 12", "text": "12 November – A riot takes place in Dublin during a performance of Nicholas Rowe's Tamerlane a play which supports the Whig view of William III as a justified conqueror of Britain and Ireland. A prologue written by the Whiggish Samuel Garth is read, which inflames Tory and Jacobite opinion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247386522#Events", "title": "1712 in Ireland", "revid": 1247386522, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1720, "year_label": "1720 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 29", "text": "February 29 – Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden resigns to let her husband Frederick I take over as king of Sweden. She had desired a joint rule, in a similar manner to William III and Mary II in Britain, but as the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates refuses this, she abdicates in her husband's favour instead.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358058850#Events", "title": "1720 in Sweden", "revid": 1358058850, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1720, "year_label": "1720 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 (February 29 Old Style) – Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden resigns, to let her husband Frederick I take over as king of Sweden. She had desired a joint rule, in a similar manner to William III and Mary II in Britain, but as the Riksdag of the Estates (Sweden's parliament) refuses this, she abdicates in her husband's favour instead.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358044251#January–March", "title": "1720", "revid": 1358044251, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1722, "year_label": "1722 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 21", "text": "January 21 – Charles Paulet, 2nd Duke of Bolton, English supporter of William III of England (b. 1661)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128046#Deaths", "title": "1722", "revid": 1365128046, "section": "Deaths"}}]}