{"slug": "wei-state", "label": "Wei (state)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wei_%28state%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912052", "qid": "Q912052", "description": "ancient Chinese state during the Warring States period", "entries": 28, "years": 28, "span": [-454, 1382], "span_label": ["455 BCE", "1382 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 22}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}], "also_known_as": ["State of Wei"], "related": [{"slug": "qin-state", "label": "Qin (state)", "shared": 16}, {"slug": "han-warring-states", "label": "Han (Warring States)", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "bai-qi", "label": "Bai Qi", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "zhao-state", "label": "Zhao (state)", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "chu-state", "label": "Chu (State)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "zhou-dynasty", "label": "Zhou dynasty", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "qi-state", "label": "Qi (state)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "warring-states-period", "label": "Warring States period", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "yan-state", "label": "Yan (state)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "grand-chancellor-china", "label": "Grand chancellor (China)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ming-dynasty", "label": "Ming dynasty", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -454, "year_label": "455 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring and Autumn period: The Battle of Jinyang begins with the armies of Zhi, Wei and Han laying siege to Jinyang.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1317824167#China", "title": "455 BC", "revid": 1317824167, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -402, "year_label": "403 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The states of Han, Zhao and Wei receive official recognition as Marquesses from the Eastern Zhou dynasty, confirming the Partition of Jin. This is one of the traditional starting points of the Warring States period.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1246106639#China", "title": "403 BC", "revid": 1246106639, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -386, "year_label": "387 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Wen, marquis of the State of Wei, China", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367650579#Deaths", "title": "387 BC", "revid": 1367650579, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -380, "year_label": "381 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Wu Qi, Chinese military general, Prime Minister of the State of Chu, also a servant of the State of Lu (born in Wei, 440 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1284745980#Deaths", "title": "381 BC", "revid": 1284745980, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -361, "year_label": "362 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The states of Qin, Han and Zhao defeat the state of Wei and Qin captures the prince of Wei. The Battle of Shaoliang is then fought between Qin and Wei, which Wei loses, whereupon Qin captures the prime minister of Wei.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367114722#China", "title": "362 BC", "revid": 1367114722, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -353, "year_label": "354 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The State of Qi is victorious over the State of Wei in the Battle of Guiling, a conflict which involves the military strategy of Sun Bin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1291610084#China", "title": "354 BC", "revid": 1291610084, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -341, "year_label": "342 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In the course of the Warring States period, the army of the state of Qi defeats the army of the state of Wei in the Battle of Maling. This battle involves the military strategy of the general Sun Bin (descendant of Sun Tzu), and is the first battle in recorded history to give a reliable account of the handheld crossbow with trigger mechanism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209992354#China", "title": "342 BC", "revid": 1209992354, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -333, "year_label": "334 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The rulers of Wei and Qi agree to recognize each other as kings, formalizing the independence of the Warring States and the powerlessness of the Zhou dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356615565#China", "title": "334 BC", "revid": 1356615565, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -292, "year_label": "293 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The State of Qin, led by commander Bai Qi, wins a decisive victory over the States of Wei and Han in the Battle of Yique. He then captures territories in Han before invading and capturing further territories in Wei.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129456#China", "title": "293 BC", "revid": 1350129456, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -291, "year_label": "292 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Bai Qi of the State of Qin defeats the State of Wei in a major battle and captures cities in Wei. Wei cedes control of 61 towns and cities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367905067#China", "title": "292 BC", "revid": 1367905067, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -290, "year_label": "291 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Generals Sima Cuo and Bai Qi of the State of Qin attack the State of Wei and capture the city of Yuan. Next, Sima Cuo captures the cities of Zhi and Deng.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1115795236#China", "title": "291 BC", "revid": 1115795236, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -289, "year_label": "290 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The city of Yuan is returned by the State of Qin to the State of Wei in exchange for the cities of Puban and Pishi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267837905#China", "title": "290 BC", "revid": 1267837905, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -288, "year_label": "289 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Sima Cuo of the State of Qin attacks the State of Wei, recaptures the city of Yuan and captures the cities of Heyong and Jueqiao.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1263946932#China", "title": "289 BC", "revid": 1263946932, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -285, "year_label": "286 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Sima Cuo of the State of Qin attacks the Henei area of the State of Wei. Wei responds by handing over the major city of Anyi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1156902149#China", "title": "286 BC", "revid": 1156902149, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -284, "year_label": "285 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The success of Qi has frightened the other states. Under the leadership of Lord Mengchang, who has been exiled in Wei, Qin, Zhao, Han and Yan form an alliance. Yan had normally been a relatively weak ally of Qi and Qi feared little from this quarter. Yan's onslaught under general Yue Yi comes as a devastating surprise. Simultaneously, the other allies attack from the west. Chu declares itself an ally of Qi but contents itself with annexing some territory to its north. Qi's armies are destroyed while the territory of Qi is reduced to the two cities of Ju and Jimo. King Min himself is later captured and executed by his own followers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370920977#China", "title": "285 BC", "revid": 1370920977, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -275, "year_label": "276 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Bai Qi of the State of Qin attacks the State of Wei and captures two cities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1256257267#China", "title": "276 BC", "revid": 1256257267, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -274, "year_label": "275 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Lian Po of the State of Zhou invades the State of Wei and captures the cities of Fangling and Anyang.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1164823364#China", "title": "275 BC", "revid": 1164823364, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -272, "year_label": "273 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Bai Qi of the State of Qin attacks the State of Wei and State of Zhou. He captures the city of Huyang and wins three battles, defeating the army of the Zhao general Jia Yan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1227001457#China", "title": "273 BC", "revid": 1227001457, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -256, "year_label": "257 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The State of Chu and the State of Wei send armies to assist Zhao against the Qin, and they defeat the Qin army of Wang He outside Handan. This forces Wang He to lift the siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1128152509#China", "title": "257 BC", "revid": 1128152509, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -247, "year_label": "248 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Qin general Meng Ao captures the Wei cities of Gaodu and Ji.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267837859#China", "title": "248 BC", "revid": 1267837859, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -246, "year_label": "247 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "After suffering an initial defeat to Wei general Wuji in the Battle of Hewai, the armies of Qin, led by Meng Ao and Wang He, defeat a combined attempt by the other kingdoms of China to break through the strategic Hangu Pass and invade the Qin heartland of Guanzhong.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297567119#China", "title": "247 BC", "revid": 1297567119, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -244, "year_label": "245 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Qin general Pao Gong captures the Wei city of Juan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172724#China", "title": "245 BC", "revid": 1354172724, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -242, "year_label": "243 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Qin general Meng Ao sacks the Wei cities of Shizhang and Yougui.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172722#China", "title": "243 BC", "revid": 1354172722, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -241, "year_label": "242 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Qin general Meng Ao annexes 20 towns and cities from the State of Wei, conquering the cities of Suanzao, Yan, Xu, Changping, Yongqiu and Shanyang. He then establishes the Dongjun Commandery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1210520734#China", "title": "242 BC", "revid": 1210520734, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -240, "year_label": "241 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Five of the seven major warring states: Chu, Zhao, Wei, Yan, and Han, form an alliance to fight the rising power of Qin. King Kaolie of Chu is named the leader of the alliance, and Lord Chunshen the military commander, with Pang Nuan of Zhao also serving as a general. The coalition penetrates as far as the Qin town of Zui, west of the strategic Hangu Pass and in the Qin heartland of Guanzhong, but they are defeated. Afterwards, Chu moves its capital east to Shouchun, further away from the threat of Qin. Qin counterattacks, sacking the Wei city of Chaoge.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1304843215#China", "title": "241 BC", "revid": 1304843215, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -239, "year_label": "240 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "The Qin general Meng Ao takes the Zhao cities of Long, Hu and Qingdu but then dies en route to the Wei city of Ji. This is then captured by Meng Ao's son Meng Wu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1191165485#China", "title": "240 BC", "revid": 1191165485, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -204, "year_label": "205 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Han Xin defeats Wei Bao and conquers the kingdom of Wei.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361853505#China", "title": "205 BC", "revid": 1361853505, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 1382, "year_label": "1382 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Basalawarmi, the Yuan dynasty Prince of Liang (now in the Henan province), commits suicide at his palace in Kaifeng after having been forced to retreat from the Ming dynasty armies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367364320#January–March", "title": "1382", "revid": 1367364320, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}