{"slug": "victoria-state", "label": "Victoria (state)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_%28state%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36687", "qid": "Q36687", "description": "state of Australia", "entries": 33, "years": 29, "span": [1803, 2020], "span_label": ["1803 CE", "2020 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 8}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Victoria (Australia)", "Victoria, Australia"], "related": [{"slug": "new-south-wales", "label": "New South Wales", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "melbourne", "label": "Melbourne", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "western-australia", "label": "Western Australia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "south-australia", "label": "South Australia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-kingdom", "label": "United Kingdom", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "queen-victoria", "label": "Queen Victoria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-australia", "label": "Prime Minister of Australia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "australia", "label": "Australia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "queensland", "label": "Queensland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tasmania", "label": "Tasmania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "crown-colony", "label": "Crown colony", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1803, "year_label": "1803 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 25", "text": "25 November - William James Hobart Thorne is born at Port Phillip. He is the first white child born in what will later become the state of Victoria. He dies on 2 July 1872.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374053637#Events", "title": "1803 in Australia", "revid": 1374053637, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1838, "year_label": "1838 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "January 1", "text": "1 January - John Pascoe Fawkner founded The Melbourne Advertiser, the Port Phillip district's first newspaper.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310479494#Events", "title": "1838 in Australia", "revid": 1310479494, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 13", "text": "13 February – The first non-British ship carrying immigrants to arrive in Victoria was from Germany; the Goddefroy. Many of those on board were political refugees and known as Forty-Eighters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320561589#Events", "title": "1848 in Australia", "revid": 1320561589, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "August 29", "text": "29 August – The Cape Otway lighthouse in Victoria is lit for the first time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320561589#Events", "title": "1848 in Australia", "revid": 1320561589, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 5", "text": "5 August – Port Phillip (later called Victoria) established as a separate colony from New South Wales.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311417979#Events", "title": "1850 in Australia", "revid": 1311417979, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Black Thursday occurs in Australia as bushfires sweep across the state of Victoria, burning about a quarter of its area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358777790#January–March", "title": "1851", "revid": 1358777790, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – Port Phillip District separates from New South Wales to become the Colony of Victoria (Australia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358777790#July–September", "title": "1851", "revid": 1358777790, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 7", "text": "7 July – News of the discovery of gold at Clunes, Victoria is published in the Geelong Advertiser.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330921611#July_–_September", "title": "1851 in Australia", "revid": 1330921611, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 4", "text": "4 July – Anti-Chinese riots occur in Victoria, Australia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333064543#Events", "title": "1852 in Australia", "revid": 1333064543, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – The Eureka Stockade Miners' Rebellion breaks out in Ballarat, Victoria (Australia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#October–December", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1855, "year_label": "1855 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – In Australia, the province of Victoria (named for then reigning British monarch, Queen Victoria) to the southeast is separated administratively from the earlier larger province of New South Wales to the north.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358982600#April–June", "title": "1855", "revid": 1358982600, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "In Victoria, Australia, one adult male in 7 is Chinese.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1241088929#Events", "title": "1857 in Australia", "revid": 1241088929, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 4", "text": "4 July – Anti-Chinese riots occur in the goldfields of the Buckland Valley, Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1241088929#Events", "title": "1857 in Australia", "revid": 1241088929, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July", "text": "July — Launch of Yr Australydd, a Welsh language Calvinistic Methodist newspaper, in Victoria (Australia), edited by William Meirion Evans and Theophilus Williams.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360497939#Events", "title": "1866 in Wales", "revid": 1360497939, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1878, "year_label": "1878 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – British clipper Loch Ard is wrecked off the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria (Australia) with the loss of 52 lives and only 2 survivors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365252865#June", "title": "1878", "revid": 1365252865, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 1", "text": "1 January – Bilateral conventions for the exchange of money orders come into effect between the United States of America and the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1313714177#Events", "title": "1882 in Australia", "revid": 1313714177, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1885, "year_label": "1885 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 20", "text": "February 20 – The Richmond Football Club is officially formed at the Royal Hotel in the Melbourne suburb of Richmond, Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366156062#February", "title": "1885", "revid": 1366156062, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1887, "year_label": "1887 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "October 19", "text": "19 October – The Sydney-bound steamer SS Cheviot is wrecked near Point Nepean, Victoria, claiming 35 lives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332166842#Events", "title": "1887 in Australia", "revid": 1332166842, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1892, "year_label": "1892 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 20", "text": "20 April – Victoria holds a general election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310878080#Events", "title": "1892 in Australia", "revid": 1310878080, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton becomes the first Prime Minister of Australia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318021#January", "title": "1901", "revid": 1373318021, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1907, "year_label": "1907 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 2", "text": "2 December – The Victorian Railways A2 class locomotive begins operating in Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373522646#Events", "title": "1907 in Australia", "revid": 1373522646, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – Women's suffrage is passed in Victoria, Australia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#November", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1909, "year_label": "1909 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "18 to 21 August – Disastrous floods strike Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333480486#Events", "title": "1909 in Australia", "revid": 1333480486, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – The guns of Point Nepean fort at Port Phillip Heads in Victoria (Australia) fire across the bows of the Norddeutscher Lloyd steamer SS Pfalz, which is attempting to leave the Port of Melbourne in ignorance of the declaration of war, and she is detained; this is said to be the first Allied shot of the war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#August", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1927, "year_label": "1927 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – The Australian Parliament convenes for the first time in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Previously, the Parliament had met in Melbourne, Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370012373#May", "title": "1927", "revid": 1370012373, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1934, "year_label": "1934 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20–November 5 – The MacRobertson Air Race is flown from RAF Mildenhall in England to Melbourne, Australia, to celebrate the centenary of the state of Victoria. The overall winner is the British de Havilland DH.88 Comet G-ACSS Grosvenor House, flown by C. W. A. Scott and Tom Campbell Black.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372993239#September–October", "title": "1934", "revid": 1372993239, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 15", "text": "15 February – Bushfires in the Western District, Gippsland and Yallourn regions of Victoria kill 51 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363527720#Events", "title": "1944 in Australia", "revid": 1363527720, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Victoria (Australia) abolishes capital punishment.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#Date_unknown", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – Thomas Playford IV, 84, Australian politician, he was a member of the politically prominent Playford family, he served as the Premier of South Australia from 1938 until 1965, he had the longest tenure in office for a state or territory leader in Australian history; remaining in power for almost 27 years,his economic policies favored industrialization and economic growth, when Playford left office in 1965, South Australia's population had doubled from 600,000 in the late 1930s to 1.1 million, the highest proportionate rate among the states; the state'seconomy had done likewise, and personal wealth had increased at the same rate, second only to Victoria, during Playford's 27 years in power, employment in manufacturing in South Australia had increased by 173%; Western Australia was in second place with 155% growth, while the national average was during the period was 129%, heart attack. Playford had received medical treatment for heart disease since his first heart attack in June 1971", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350244288", "title": "Deaths in June 1981", "revid": 1350244288, "section": "Deaths › June"}}, {"year": 1983, "year_label": "1983 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 – The Ash Wednesday bushfires in Victoria and South Australia claim the lives of 75 people, in one of Australia's worst bushfire disasters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366392977#February", "title": "1983", "revid": 1366392977, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – In Australia, Joan Kirner becomes Victoria's first female Deputy Premier, after the resignation of Robert Fordham over the VEDC (Victorian Economic Development Co-operation) Crisis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#February", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March", "text": "March - Nigeria was represented at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361615614#March", "title": "2006 in Nigeria", "revid": 1361615614, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 2", "text": "January 2 – The Royal Australian Air Force and Navy are deployed to New South Wales and Victoria to assist mass evacuation efforts amidst the 2019–20 Australian bushfire season.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#January", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › January"}}]}