{"slug": "vichy-france", "label": "Vichy France", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vichy_France", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69808", "qid": "Q69808", "description": "client state of Nazi Germany, administering the Free Zone in southern France and French colonial possessions (1940–1944)", "entries": 14, "years": 6, "span": [1940, 1951], "span_label": ["1940 CE", "1951 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Vichy French", "Vichy Regime", "Vichy Régime", "Vichy regime"], "related": [{"slug": "pierre-laval", "label": "Pierre Laval", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "nazism", "label": "Nazism", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "madagascar", "label": "Madagascar", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "algeria", "label": "Algeria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "oran", "label": "Oran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-war-ii", "label": "World War II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-war-i", "label": "World War I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "algiers", "label": "Algiers", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-france", "label": "Prime Minister of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "empire-of-japan", "label": "Empire of Japan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "the-holocaust", "label": "The Holocaust", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gabon", "label": "Gabon", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 3", "text": "July 3 – WWII: Attack on Mers-el-Kébir: British naval units sink or seize ships of the French fleet anchored in the Algerian ports of Mers-el-Kebir and Oran, to prevent them from falling into German hands. The following day, Vichy France breaks off diplomatic relations with Britain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – Vichy France begins with a constitutional law which only eighty members of the parliament vote against. Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 12", "text": "November 12 – WWII: The Battle of Gabon, begun on October 27, concludes with Free French Forces taking control of the colony of Gabon and the remainder of French Equatorial Africa from the Vichy regime.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#November", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – WWII: The Nazis forcibly restore Pierre Laval to the office of Prime Minister in occupied Vichy France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#February", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – WWII: British Fleet Air Arm aircraft sink the Vichy French destroyer Chevalier Paul off Syria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#June", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – The Vichy Regime signs the Protocol Concerning Joint Defense and Joint Military Cooperation with the Empire of Japan, giving the Japanese a total of 8 airfields, allowing them greater troop presence, and the use of the Indochinese financial system, in return for continued French autonomy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#July", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – WWII: Battle of Madagascar (Operation Ironclad) begins when British forces land on the Vichy French colony of Madagascar. On May 7 the northern city of Diego Suarez surrenders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#May", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 16", "text": "July 16 – The Holocaust: By order of the Vichy France government headed by Pierre Laval, French police officers round-up 13,000–20,000 Jews and imprison them in the Winter Velodrome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#July", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – WWII: Battle of Madagascar ends when Vichy French forces on Madagascar sign an armistice with the Allies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#November", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – French Admiral Darlan, the former Vichy leader who has switched over to the Allies following the Torch landings, is assassinated in Algiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#December", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – Members of Vichy France's collaborationist government are relocated to Germany where an enclave is established for them in Sigmaringen Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#September", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – WWII: French marshal Philippe Pétain, who headed the Vichy government during WWII, goes on trial for treason.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#July", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 9", "text": "October 9 – Former prime minister Pierre Laval is sentenced to death, for collaboration with the Nazis in Vichy France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#October", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Marshal Philippe Pétain, former Prime Minister and Head of State of France, Chief of State of Vichy France during World War II, hero commander of World War I who led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun, for which he was called \"the Lion of Verdun\", dies while serving a sentence of life-imprisonment on the island of Île-d'Yeu at 95 years old.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#July", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › July"}}]}