{"slug": "uzbekistan", "label": "Uzbekistan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265", "qid": "Q265", "description": "sovereign state in Central Asia", "entries": 18, "years": 17, "span": [654, 2023], "span_label": ["654 CE", "2023 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "bukhara", "label": "Bukhara", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "samarkand", "label": "Samarkand", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "samanid-empire", "label": "Samanid Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "baghdad", "label": "Baghdad", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "arabs", "label": "Arabs", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "amu-darya", "label": "Amu Darya", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "central-asia", "label": "Central Asia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "abbasid-caliphate", "label": "Abbasid Caliphate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "khazars", "label": "Khazars", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "silk-road", "label": "Silk Road", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "russia", "label": "Russia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 654, "year_label": "654 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Arab invaders cross the Oxus River, in what later will be Uzbekistan. Nomadic Turkic tribes continue to control Central Asia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362652029#Arabian_Caliphate", "title": "654", "revid": 1362652029, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Caliphate"}}, {"year": 705, "year_label": "705 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Arab forces gain power in Central Asia, as Qutayba ibn Muslim becomes governor of Khorasan. The region has grown rich from trade with China and Eastern Europe, its merchants dealing in silk, furs, amber, honey, and walrus ivory. During his rule, Qutayba subjugates the mercantile cities of Bukhara and Samarkand (modern Uzbekistan), as well as the Oxus delta area of Khwarezm, south of the Aral Sea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807090#Arabian_Empire", "title": "705", "revid": 1340807090, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 709, "year_label": "709 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "After two years of failed efforts, Qutayba ibn Muslim captures Bukhara (Uzbekistan) for the Umayyad Caliphate. The Hephthalite princes of Tokharistan rebel against the Arabs, but are swiftly subdued by Qutayba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807109#Arabian_Empire", "title": "709", "revid": 1340807109, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 712, "year_label": "712 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Arab forces under Qutayba ibn Muslim conquer Khwarezm and Samarkand (modern Uzbekistan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357552155#Arabian_Empire", "title": "712", "revid": 1357552155, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 731, "year_label": "731 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of the Defile: An Umayyad relief army (28,000 men) is sent to Samarkand (modern Uzbekistan), which is besieged by the Turgesh. The Muslims are ambushed near the Zarafshan Range, at the Tashtakaracha Pass. The battle results in a Pyrrhic victory, with heavy casualties for the Umayyad army, halting Muslim expansion in Central Asia for almost two decades.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358697487#Asia", "title": "731", "revid": 1358697487, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 875, "year_label": "875 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Samanid Dynasty establishes a court at Bukhara (modern Uzbekistan), which becomes a rival city to Baghdad on the strategic Silk Road.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352180718#Arabian_Empire", "title": "875", "revid": 1352180718, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 914, "year_label": "914 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 12", "text": "January 12 – Ahmad Samani, emir of the Samanid Empire, is murdered (decapitation) while sleeping in his tent at Bukhara (modern Uzbekistan) by some of his slaves. He is succeeded by his 8-year-old son, Nasr II, under the regency of Vizier Abu Abdallah al-Jayhani. The Abbasids try, in vain, to benefit from the turmoil to reconquer Sistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643516#Arabian_Empire", "title": "914", "revid": 1355643516, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 921, "year_label": "921 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – A diplomatic delegation is sent from Baghdad to establish trade routes between the Abbasid Caliphate towards Bukhara (modern Uzbekistan). Ahmad ibn Fadlan, an Arab diplomat and traveller, makes contact with Almış, the İltäbär (vassal-king under the Khazars) of Volga Bulgaria, on behalf of Caliph al-Muqtadir.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509617#Arabian_Empire", "title": "921", "revid": 1341509617, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 999, "year_label": "999 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Karakhanids invade from north of the Syr Darya river, ending the Samanid Empire (modern Uzbekistan). The Samanid domains are split between the Ghaznavid Dynasty and the Karakhanids.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468443#Asia", "title": "AD 999", "revid": 1364468443, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1127, "year_label": "1127 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Kalyan minaret (as part of the Po-i-Kalyan mosque complex) is completed in Bukhara (modern Uzbekistan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348045996#Religion", "title": "1127", "revid": 1348045996, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1368, "year_label": "1368 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Timur ascends the throne of Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371792677#Date_unknown", "title": "1368", "revid": 1371792677, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1405, "year_label": "1405 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – News reaches the Timurid Empire that Timur has died, and a period of mourning begins as he is interred at the Gur-e-Amir mausoleum in Samarkand, now in the Republic of Uzbekistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337543539#January–March", "title": "1405", "revid": 1337543539, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1597, "year_label": "1597 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Abbas I ends the Uzbek raids on his lands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801855#Date_unknown", "title": "1597", "revid": 1362801855, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 – In Uzbekistan, an apparent assassination attempt against President Islam Karimov takes place at government headquarters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#February", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2005, "year_label": "2005 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – Uzbek Interior Ministry and National Security Service troops massacre at least 200 protesters in the city of Andijan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368527363#May", "title": "2005", "revid": 1368527363, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "September 25", "text": "25 September – Uzbekistan suspends the use of Russia's card payment system Mir. The move was supposedly warranted by the need \"to carry out the necessary technical procedures\" and was not related to sanctions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337588725#Events", "title": "2022 in Uzbekistan", "revid": 1337588725, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 29", "text": "29 December – Eighteen children die in Uzbekistan after drinking a cough syrup manufactured by Indian drug maker Marion Biotech.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337588725#Events", "title": "2022 in Uzbekistan", "revid": 1337588725, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2023, "year_label": "2023 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 1", "text": "1 January – Uzbekistan's Latin alphabet transition is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360373149#Events", "title": "2023 in Uzbekistan", "revid": 1360373149, "section": "Events"}}]}