{"slug": "tel-aviv", "label": "Tel Aviv", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33935", "qid": "Q33935", "description": "city in Israel", "entries": 23, "years": 21, "span": [1909, 2019], "span_label": ["1909 CE", "2019 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 7}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "israel", "label": "Israel", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "boeing-707", "label": "Boeing 707", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "uganda", "label": "Uganda", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "israel-defense-forces", "label": "Israel Defense Forces", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jerusalem", "label": "Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "haifa", "label": "Haifa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "damascus", "label": "Damascus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "los-angeles", "label": "Los Angeles", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bulgaria", "label": "Bulgaria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "vienna", "label": "Vienna", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "istanbul", "label": "Istanbul", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1909, "year_label": "1909 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – The city of Tel Aviv (known in its first year as Ahuzat Bayit) is founded by the Jewish community, on the outskirts of Jaffa (at this time in the Ottoman Empire).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373420847#March–April", "title": "1909", "revid": 1373420847, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "5–6 May – Renowned Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum performs in the Mugrabi Theater in Tel Aviv, continuing after to Jerusalem and Haifa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1224699635#Events", "title": "1935 in Mandatory Palestine", "revid": 1224699635, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 27", "text": "27 April – A friendly association football match between the national teams of Mandatory Palestine and Lebanon takes place at the Maccabiah Stadium in Tel Aviv; Mandatory Palestine beats Lebanon 5–1.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367331152#Events", "title": "1940 in Mandatory Palestine", "revid": 1367331152, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1948, "year_label": "1948 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14 – The Israeli Declaration of Independence is made in Tel Aviv, a few hours before the British Mandate is due to expire. At midnight the British Mandate of Palestine is officially terminated and the State of Israel comes into being.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362926100#Events", "title": "1948 in Israel", "revid": 1362926100, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "IBM Israel begins operating in Tel Aviv.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371638577#Date_unknown", "title": "1950", "revid": 1371638577, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 11", "text": "11 February – The Soviet Union breaks diplomatic relations with Israel after an explosion occurs in the Soviet embassy building in Tel Aviv, which was planted by the Tzrifin Underground.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342906922#Events", "title": "1953 in Israel", "revid": 1342906922, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 17", "text": "17 March – Ma'ale Akrabim massacre: Armed Palestinian Arab militants ambush and board an Israeli civilian passenger bus traveling from Eilat to Tel Aviv. Eleven Israelis on the bus are killed by the militants. Four passengers survived, two of whom are wounded by the militants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1276980579#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1954 in Israel", "revid": 1276980579, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – El Al Flight 402 from Vienna (Austria) to Tel Aviv, via Istanbul, is shot down over Bulgaria. All 58 passengers and crewmen aboard the Lockheed Constellation are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#July", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1957, "year_label": "1957 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "July 13", "text": "13 July – Shmuel Tajer (born 1868), Sofia-born merchant, one of the founders of Tel Aviv. Grandfather of MK Avraham Katz-Oz and grand-grandfather of MK Erel Margalit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300445#Notable_deaths", "title": "1957 in Israel", "revid": 1363300445, "section": "Notable deaths"}}, {"year": 1957, "year_label": "1957 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 15", "text": "15 November – Moshe Ichilov (born 1903), Zionist activist, served as deputy mayor of Petah Tikva and of Tel Aviv.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300445#Notable_deaths", "title": "1957 in Israel", "revid": 1363300445, "section": "Notable deaths"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 7", "text": "7 April – Israel created the first Holocaust Memorial Day by vote of the Knesset in Tel Aviv, to be observed on the 27th day of Nisan, which fell on 5 May in 1959. If the 27th falls on a Friday, the observation is held on the 26th.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318400059#Events", "title": "1959 in Israel", "revid": 1318400059, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1968, "year_label": "1968 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 23", "text": "23 July – El Al Flight 426 hijacking: The only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft takes place, when a Boeing 707 carrying ten crew members and 38 passengers is taken over by three terrorists of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). The aircraft, El Al Flight 426, which was en route from Rome to Tel Aviv, is diverted to Algiers by the hijackers. Negotiations with the hijackers lasted for 40 days. Both the hijackers and the passengers, including 21 Israeli hostages, were eventually freed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371872206#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1968 in Israel", "revid": 1371872206, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "August 29", "text": "29 August – TWA Flight 840 hijacking: A PFLP terrorist cell led by Leila Khaled hijacks TWA Flight 840 on its way from Los Angeles to Tel Aviv, diverting the Boeing 707 to Damascus. Two Israeli passengers are held captive for 98 days in a Syrian prison and released eventually in a prisoner exchange deal that took place on 7 December 1969. According to several unverified media reports, the hijackers main aim was to kidnap the Israeli ambassador to the United States, Yitzhak Rabin, whom the hijacking planner mistakenly believed would be on this flight.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318390457#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1969 in Israel", "revid": 1318390457, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 8", "text": "8 May – Sabena Flight 571 hijacking: Four PLO terrorists hijack an airplane of Sabena Flight 572 carrying 99 passengers and ten crew members en route from Brussels to Tel Aviv. In a mission titled \"Operation Isotope\", 16 members of Sayeret Matkal pose as refueling and technical personnel and storm the plane, killing the terrorists and releasing the passengers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318390690#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1972 in Israel", "revid": 1318390690, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 1974, "year_label": "1974 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 8", "text": "8 September – TWA jet with 88 passengers traveling from Tel Aviv to Athens crashed into the Ionian Sea after PFLP militants detonated a bomb hidden in the baggage compartment, killing all the 79 passengers and 9 crew members on board.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311391301#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1974 in Israel", "revid": 1311391301, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 27", "text": "27 June – Air France Flight 139, originating in Tel Aviv and carrying 248 passengers and a crew of 12 takes off from Athens, Greece, headed for Paris, France. The flight is hijacked by Palestinian Arab assailants with German Revolutionäre Zellen supporters and flown to Entebbe Airport (now known as Entebbe International Airport) in Uganda. Shortly after landing, all non-Jewish passengers were released. The hijacking of this flight leads to the IDF hostage-rescue mission \"Operation Entebbe\" carried out in the Entebbe Airport seven days later (see details above).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367064803#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1976 in Israel", "revid": 1367064803, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 1986, "year_label": "1986 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17 – The Hindawi affair begins when an Irish woman is found carrying explosives onto an El Al flight from London to Tel Aviv.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#April", "title": "1986", "revid": 1373510075, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 4", "text": "4 March – Dizengoff Center suicide bombing: A Hamas suicide bomber detonates a bomb outside the Dizengoff Center, Tel Aviv's largest shopping mall, killing 20 and wounding 75 others, including children celebrating the Jewish Purim holiday.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357086926#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "1996 in Israel", "revid": 1357086926, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – Dolphinarium discotheque bombing: A Hamas suicide bomber kills 21 people, mostly teenagers, in the Dolphinarium disco in Tel Aviv, Israel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373523156#June", "title": "2001", "revid": 1373523156, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 is accidentally shot down by the Ukrainian Air Force over the Black Sea en route from Tel Aviv, Israel, to Novosibirsk, Russia; all 78 people on board are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373523156#October", "title": "2001", "revid": 1373523156, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – Mike's Place bombing: A Muslim British citizen suicide bomber blows himself up at \"Mike's Place\", a Tel Aviv restaurant, killing four Israelis and injuring 50 others. Hamas and Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades claim joint responsibility for the attack.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311388016#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "2003 in Palestine", "revid": 1311388016, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – Israel's El-Al Airlines Boeing 777 flying from Hong Kong to Tel Aviv made an emergency landing in Baku. The engine problem was fixed, and the plane continued its flight.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292933670#May", "title": "2009 in Azerbaijan", "revid": 1292933670, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14–18 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2019 takes place in Tel Aviv, Israel, and is won by Dutch entrant Duncan Laurence with the song \"Arcade\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#May", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › May"}}]}