{"slug": "sophocles", "label": "Sophocles", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophocles", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7235", "qid": "Q7235", "description": "ancient Greek playwright", "entries": 11, "years": 11, "span": [-495, 391], "span_label": ["496 BCE", "391 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 8}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "aeschylus", "label": "Aeschylus", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "syracuse-sicily", "label": "Syracuse, Sicily", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "attica", "label": "Attica", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nicias", "label": "Nicias", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "earth", "label": "Earth", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "euripides", "label": "Euripides", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "library-of-alexandria", "label": "Library of Alexandria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sun", "label": "Sun", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aristophanes", "label": "Aristophanes", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "trojan-war", "label": "Trojan War", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -495, "year_label": "496 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Sophocles, Athenian dramatist and statesman (d. 406 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129351#Births", "title": "496 BC", "revid": 1350129351, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -467, "year_label": "468 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Sophocles, Greek playwright, defeats Aeschylus for the Athenian Prize.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326558406#Literature", "title": "468 BC", "revid": 1326558406, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}, {"year": -440, "year_label": "441 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Greek playwright Sophocles writes Antigone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247481933#Literature", "title": "441 BC", "revid": 1247481933, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}, {"year": -429, "year_label": "430 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Approximate date – Sophocles' drama Oedipus Rex is first performed in Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342662145#Art", "title": "430 BC", "revid": 1342662145, "section": "Events › By topic › Art"}}, {"year": -422, "year_label": "423 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Aristophanes' play The Clouds is performed as is Sophocles' play Maidens of Trachi and The Putine (The Bottle), by Cratinus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360180006#Drama", "title": "423 BC", "revid": 1360180006, "section": "Events › By topic › Drama"}}, {"year": -418, "year_label": "419 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Sophocles' play Electra is performed. The play takes its theme from The Libation Bearers by Aeschylus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363151383#Drama", "title": "419 BC", "revid": 1363151383, "section": "Events › By topic › Drama"}}, {"year": -412, "year_label": "413 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "After suffering a defeat in which the Athenian commander Lamachus is killed, Demosthenes suggests that they immediately give up the siege of Syracuse and return to Athens, where they are needed to defend against a Spartan invasion of Attica. Nicias refuses, but the Syracusans and Spartans under Hermocrates are able to trap the Athenians in the harbour and the Athenians sustain heavy losses in the Battle of Syracuse. Demosthenes is ambushed by the Syracusans and is forced to surrender. Nicias is soon captured as well, and both are executed, with most of the surviving Athenian soldiers sent to work in the Sicilian quarries. Ten proboulos (including Sophocles) are elected to help run Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353493943#Greece", "title": "413 BC", "revid": 1353493943, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -408, "year_label": "409 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Sophocles' play Philoctetes is performed, with the theme of the Trojan War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353486457#Literature", "title": "409 BC", "revid": 1353486457, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}, {"year": -405, "year_label": "406 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Sophocles, Athenian dramatist and politician (b. c. 495 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350128825#Deaths", "title": "406 BC", "revid": 1350128825, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -400, "year_label": "401 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Sophocles' tragic play Oedipus at Colonus is performed posthumously. It is produced by his grandson (also called Sophocles) at the Festival of Dionysus in Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1242237123#Literature", "title": "401 BC", "revid": 1242237123, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}, {"year": 391, "year_label": "391 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Flames destroy the great Library of Alexandria, established in the Mouseion in the fourth century BC. Among the items lost in the fire are works of science, including parchments by the Greek astronomer Aristarchus of Samos asserting that the Earth orbits the Sun, and dozens of dramatic works by Euripides and Sophocles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1327980191#Literature", "title": "391", "revid": 1327980191, "section": "Events › By topic › Literature"}}]}