{"slug": "rwanda", "label": "Rwanda", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwanda", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1037", "qid": "Q1037", "description": "country in East Africa", "entries": 16, "years": 10, "span": [1959, 2025], "span_label": ["1959 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Republic of Rwanda"], "related": [{"slug": "rwandan-genocide", "label": "Rwandan genocide", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "hutu", "label": "Hutu", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "uganda", "label": "Uganda", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tanzania", "label": "Tanzania", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "burundi", "label": "Burundi", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "democratic-republic-of-the-congo", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-nations", "label": "United Nations", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-john-paul-ii", "label": "Pope John Paul II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ivory-coast", "label": "Ivory Coast", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "zambia", "label": "Zambia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "international-red-cross-and-red-crescent-movement", "label": "International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – In Rwanda, Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa is beaten up by Tutsi forces, leading to a period of violence known as the wind of destruction.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370221732#November", "title": "1959", "revid": 1370221732, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4–5 – In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, mercenaries of Jean Schramme and Jerry Puren withdraw from Bukavu, over the Shangugu Bridge, to Rwanda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#November", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – American naturalist Dian Fossey is found brutally murdered in Rwanda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369963057#December", "title": "1985", "revid": 1369963057, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1–10 – Pope John Paul II visits Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda and Ivory Coast.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#September", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – The rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front invades Rwanda from Uganda, marking the start of the Rwandan Civil War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#October", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 6", "text": "April 6 – Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundi President Cyprien Ntaryamira die when a missile shoots down their jet near Kigali, Rwanda. This is taken as a pretext to begin the Rwandan genocide.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#April", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 6", "text": "April 6 - The airplane carrying Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira was shot down by Hutu extremists as it prepared to land in Kigali. This was the major cause for the Rwandan genocide in Rwanda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368046821#April", "title": "1994 in Burundi", "revid": 1368046821, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – The Rwandan genocide begins in Kigali, Rwanda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#April", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – The Red Cross estimates that hundreds of thousands of Tutsi have been killed in Rwanda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#April", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 18", "text": "January 18 – In northwest Rwanda, Hutu militia members kill 6 Spanish aid workers and three soldiers, and seriously wound another.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#January", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – Rwanda executes 22 Hutus, including Froduald Karamira, for their roles in the 1994 genocide.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#April", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 - Military experts from Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia and Tanzania are due in Kinshasa later this week to investigate allegations of Rwandan and Ugandan troops being sent across the border.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311392275#August", "title": "1998 in Namibia", "revid": 1311392275, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 2", "text": "September 2 – A United Nations court finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide, marking the first time that the 1948 law banning genocide is enforced.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#September", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – Rwandan Hutu rebels kill and dismember eight foreign tourists at the Buhoma homestead, Uganda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#March", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Félicien Kabuga, a Rwandan businessman responsible for supporting the Rwandan genocide, is arrested in Asnières-sur-Seine, France, after 26 years as a fugitive.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#May", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 – The U.S., with Qatari support, brokers a preliminary peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, ending their armed conflict that started in 2022.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#June", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › June"}}]}