{"slug": "republican-party-united-states", "label": "Republican Party (United States)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29468", "qid": "Q29468", "description": "American political party", "entries": 37, "years": 32, "span": [1854, 2008], "span_label": ["1854 CE", "2008 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 23}, {"title": "Births", "count": 5}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["GOP", "Republican Party of the United States", "United States Republican Party"], "related": [{"slug": "democratic-party-united-states", "label": "Democratic Party (United States)", "shared": 15}, {"slug": "united-states-senate", "label": "United States Senate", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "abraham-lincoln", "label": "Abraham Lincoln", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "franklin-d-roosevelt", "label": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "president-of-the-united-states", "label": "President of the United States", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-states-congress", "label": "United States Congress", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-states-house-of-representatives", "label": "United States House of Representatives", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ronald-reagan", "label": "Ronald Reagan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "grover-cleveland", "label": "Grover Cleveland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "dwight-d-eisenhower", "label": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "richard-nixon", "label": "Richard Nixon", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "whig-party-united-states", "label": "Whig Party (United States)", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – The Republican Party is formed by anti-slavery opponents of the Kansas–Nebraska Act in Ripon, Wisconsin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#January–March", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 6", "text": "July 6 – In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the U.S. Republican Party is held.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#July–September", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1856, "year_label": "1856 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 1856 United States presidential election: Democrat James Buchanan defeats former President Millard Fillmore, representing a coalition of Know Nothings and Whigs, and John C. Frémont of the fledgling Republican Party, to become the 15th President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371140008#October–December", "title": "1856", "revid": 1371140008, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1858, "year_label": "1858 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – Abraham Lincoln accepts the Republican Party nomination for a seat in the United States Senate, delivering his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371625769#April–June", "title": "1858", "revid": 1371625769, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1860, "year_label": "1860 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1860 United States presidential election: Abraham Lincoln elected as the 16th President of the United States, the first Republican to hold that office, defeating John C. Breckinridge, Stephen A. Douglas, and John Bell.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371066131#November", "title": "1860", "revid": 1371066131, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1860, "year_label": "1860 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1860 United States presidential election: Abraham Lincoln beats John C. Breckinridge, Stephen A. Douglas, and John Bell and is elected as the 16th president of the United States, the first Republican to hold that office.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373933383#October–December", "title": "1860 in the United States", "revid": 1373933383, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – House of Representatives elections: Despite President Andrew Johnson's Swing Around the Circle tour, the Republican Party wins in a landslide.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369622449#October–December", "title": "1866 in the United States", "revid": 1369622449, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American to sit in the U.S. Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#February", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1874, "year_label": "1874 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – Harper's Weekly publishes a cartoon by Thomas Nast which is the first use of an elephant as a symbol for the Republican Party in the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371979117#November", "title": "1874", "revid": 1371979117, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1884, "year_label": "1884 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 1884 United States presidential election: Democratic governor of New York Grover Cleveland defeats Republican James G. Blaine in a very close contest, to win the first of his non-consecutive terms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364372487#November", "title": "1884", "revid": 1364372487, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1888 United States presidential election: Democratic Party incumbent Grover Cleveland wins the popular vote, but loses the Electoral College vote to Republican challenger Benjamin Harrison, therefore losing the election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#November", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1900, "year_label": "1900 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1900 United States presidential election: Republican incumbent William McKinley is re-elected by defeating Democratic challenger William Jennings Bryan in a rematch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373317536#November", "title": "1900", "revid": 1373317536, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – U.S. presidential election, 1912: Democratic challenger and Governor of New Jersey Woodrow Wilson wins a landslide victory over Republican incumbent William Howard Taft. Taft's base is undercut by Progressive Party candidate (and former Republican) Theodore Roosevelt, who finishes second, ahead of Taft.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362271149#November", "title": "1912 in the United States", "revid": 1362271149, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – Republican Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first woman elected to the United States House of Representatives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#November", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Pineapple Primary: The United States Republican Party primary elections in Chicago are preceded by violence, bombings and assassination attempts (two politicians are killed, Octavius C. Granady and Giuseppe Esposito).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#April", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1928 United States presidential election: Republican Herbert Hoover wins by a wide margin, over Democratic New York Governor Al Smith.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#November", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1936, "year_label": "1936 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 29", "text": "August 29 – John McCain, American politician, U.S. Senator (R-Az.) (d. 2018)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373216494#August", "title": "1936", "revid": 1373216494, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1936, "year_label": "1936 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – U.S. presidential election, 1936: Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt is reelected to a second term in a landslide victory over Republican governor of Kansas Alf Landon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373956397#October–December", "title": "1936 in the United States", "revid": 1373956397, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – United States politics: The Republican Party begins its national convention in Philadelphia, and nominates Wendell Willkie as its candidate for president.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#June", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – 1940 United States presidential election: Democrat incumbent Franklin D. Roosevelt decisively defeats Republican challenger Wendell Willkie, and becomes the United States' first and only third-term president.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#November", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – 1944 United States presidential election: Franklin D. Roosevelt wins reelection over Republican challenger Thomas E. Dewey, becoming the only U.S. president elected to a fourth term.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#November", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – Mitt Romney, American businessman, politician, Governor of Massachusetts, 2012 presidential candidate, and US Senator (R-UT)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#March", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Births › March"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 1952 United States presidential election: Republican General Dwight D. Eisenhower defeats Democratic Governor of Illinois Adlai Stevenson (correctly predicted by the UNIVAC computer).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#November–December", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – Lindsey Graham, American politician, lawyer, U.S. Army soldier, U.S. Senator (R-Sc.) and unsuccessful 2016 presidential candidate (d. 2026)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#July", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Births › July"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1956 United States presidential election: Republican incumbent Dwight D. Eisenhower defeats Democratic challenger Adlai Stevenson, in a rematch of their contest 4 years earlier.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#November", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – 1964 United States presidential election: Incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson defeats Republican challenger Barry Goldwater with over 60 percent of the popular vote.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#November", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1968, "year_label": "1968 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – 1968 United States presidential election: Republican candidate Richard Nixon defeats the Democratic candidate, Vice President Hubert Humphrey, and American Independent Party candidate George Wallace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310387#November–December", "title": "1968", "revid": 1371310387, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 22", "text": "December 22 – Ted Cruz, Canadian-American politician, U.S. Senator (R-Tx.) from 2013 and 2016 presidential candidate", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#December", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Births › December"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – 1972 United States presidential election: Republican incumbent Richard Nixon defeats Democratic Senator George McGovern in a landslide. The election has the lowest voter turnout since 1948, with only 55 percent of the electorate voting.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#November", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – In Los Angeles, Ronald Reagan announces his choice of liberal U.S. Senator Richard Schweiker as his vice presidential running mate, in an effort to woo moderate Republican delegates away from President Gerald Ford.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#July", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 31", "text": "December 31 – Josh Hawley, American politician, U.S. Senator (R-MO) from 2019", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#December", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Births › December"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 1980 United States presidential election: Republican challenger and former Governor Ronald Reagan of California defeats incumbent Democratic President Jimmy Carter and is elected the 40th President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#November", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1983, "year_label": "1983 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – 1983 U.S. Senate bombing: A bomb explodes in the United States Senate with the intent to kill Republican senators; no one is injured. The perpetrators are members of the May 19th Communist Organization.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366392977#November", "title": "1983", "revid": 1366392977, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – The United States Vice-president and Republican nominee George H. W. Bush defeats the Democratic nominee and Governor of Massachusetts, Michael Dukakis, in the 1988 United States Presidential Election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#November", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – \"Republican Revolution\": Georgia Representative Newt Gingrich leads the United States Republican Party in taking control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate in midterm congressional elections, the first time in 40 years the Republicans secure control of both houses of Congress. George W. Bush is elected Governor of Texas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#November", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – 1996 United States presidential election: Incumbent Democratic President Bill Clinton defeats his Republican challenger, Bob Dole and Reform Party candidate Ross Perot.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#November", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 2008 United States presidential election: Democratic U.S. Senator Barack Obama defeats Republican candidate John McCain and is elected the 44th President of the United States, making him the first African-American to be elected to the office.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#November", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › November"}}]}