{"slug": "qi-state", "label": "Qi (state)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_%28state%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837855", "qid": "Q837855", "description": "Zhou dynasty Chinese state (1046–221 BCE)", "entries": 29, "years": 29, "span": [-719, -188], "span_label": ["720 BCE", "189 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 12}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Qi (Shandong)", "State of Qi"], "related": [{"slug": "zhou-dynasty", "label": "Zhou dynasty", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "wei-state", "label": "Wei (state)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "warring-states-period", "label": "Warring States period", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "zhao-state", "label": "Zhao (state)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "lian-po", "label": "Lian Po", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "yan-state", "label": "Yan (state)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chinese-astronomy", "label": "Chinese astronomy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chu-state", "label": "Chu (State)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "han-warring-states", "label": "Han (Warring States)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "taoism", "label": "Taoism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "history-of-china", "label": "History of China", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -719, "year_label": "720 BCE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "720 BC—Birth of Guan Zhong, political adviser of Qi in eastern ancient China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357668239#Significant_people", "title": "720s BC", "revid": 1357668239, "section": "Significant people"}}, {"year": -697, "year_label": "698 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "698 BC—Death of Duke Xi of Qi, ruler of the state of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292140577#Events_and_trends", "title": "690s BC", "revid": 1292140577, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -693, "year_label": "694 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "694 BC—Duke Xiang of Qi and Duke Huan of Lu meet at Luo(濼). Duke Huan of Lu and his wife, Wen Jiang goes to Qi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292140577#Events_and_trends", "title": "690s BC", "revid": 1292140577, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -689, "year_label": "690 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "690 BC—Marquis of Ji(紀) does not surrender to Qi, and passes the throne to his younger brother, Ji Ji(紀季).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292140577#Events_and_trends", "title": "690s BC", "revid": 1292140577, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -672, "year_label": "673 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Wen Jiang, princess of the State of Qi and duchess of the State of Lu", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510348#Autumn", "title": "673 BC", "revid": 1370510348, "section": "Deaths › Autumn"}}, {"year": -644, "year_label": "645 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Guan Zhong, prime minister of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510317#Deaths", "title": "645 BC", "revid": 1370510317, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -612, "year_label": "613 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "She (Qi), temporary ruler of the state of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510230#Deaths", "title": "613 BC", "revid": 1370510230, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -608, "year_label": "609 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Duke Yi of Qi, ruler of the state of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510312#Deaths", "title": "609 BC", "revid": 1370510312, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -598, "year_label": "599 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "599 BC—Duke Hui of Qi, ruler of the Chinese state of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368102206#Deaths", "title": "590s BC", "revid": 1368102206, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -588, "year_label": "589 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "589 BC—Battle of An: Jin defeats Qi; these two Chinese states later agree to an alliance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368110656#Events_and_trends", "title": "580s BC", "revid": 1368110656, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -553, "year_label": "554 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Duke Ling of Qi, ruler of the State of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353494589#Deaths", "title": "554 BC", "revid": 1353494589, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -547, "year_label": "548 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Duke Zhuang II, ruler of the Chinese state of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303256206#Deaths", "title": "548 BC", "revid": 1303256206, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -545, "year_label": "546 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A coup takes place in the state of Qi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352091653#Events", "title": "546 BC", "revid": 1352091653, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -363, "year_label": "364 BCE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The Chinese astronomer Gan De from the State of Qi reportedly discovers the moon Ganymede, belonging to Jupiter, and makes the earliest known sunspot observations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354174238#China", "title": "364 BC", "revid": 1354174238, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -353, "year_label": "354 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The State of Qi is victorious over the State of Wei in the Battle of Guiling, a conflict which involves the military strategy of Sun Bin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1291610084#China", "title": "354 BC", "revid": 1291610084, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -341, "year_label": "342 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In the course of the Warring States period, the army of the state of Qi defeats the army of the state of Wei in the Battle of Maling. This battle involves the military strategy of the general Sun Bin (descendant of Sun Tzu), and is the first battle in recorded history to give a reliable account of the handheld crossbow with trigger mechanism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209992354#China", "title": "342 BC", "revid": 1209992354, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -333, "year_label": "334 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The rulers of Wei and Qi agree to recognize each other as kings, formalizing the independence of the Warring States and the powerlessness of the Zhou dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356615565#China", "title": "334 BC", "revid": 1356615565, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -315, "year_label": "316 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Sun Bin, Chinese military strategist and general from the State of Qi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1007737454#Deaths", "title": "316 BC", "revid": 1007737454, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -282, "year_label": "283 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Lian Po of the State of Zhou defeats an army of the State of Qi and captures the city of Yangqin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173238#China", "title": "283 BC", "revid": 1354173238, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -278, "year_label": "279 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "General Lian Po of the State of Zhou defeats an army of the State of Qi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1226777989#China", "title": "279 BC", "revid": 1226777989, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -274, "year_label": "275 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Shen Dao, Chinese philosopher from Zhao who also served at the Jixia academy in Qi. He is known for his blend of Legalism and Taoism (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1164823364#Deaths", "title": "275 BC", "revid": 1164823364, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -264, "year_label": "265 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Xiang of Qi, Chinese king of Qi (Warring States Period)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172727#Deaths", "title": "265 BC", "revid": 1354172727, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -238, "year_label": "239 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Rough date: The Zhao general Pang Nuan captures the Qi city of Rao'an and the Yan cities of Li and Yangcheng.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1212004865#China", "title": "239 BC", "revid": 1212004865, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -220, "year_label": "221 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Liu Fei, Chinese prince and proclaimed king of the former Qi State (d. 189 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1246108993#Births", "title": "221 BC", "revid": 1246108993, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -208, "year_label": "209 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The rebels restore the monarchies of Chu, Qi, Yan, Zhao, Wei and (in 208) Han.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300115697#China", "title": "209 BC", "revid": 1300115697, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -205, "year_label": "206 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Xiang Yu campaigns against a rebellion in Qi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361853494#China", "title": "206 BC", "revid": 1361853494, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -203, "year_label": "204 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Han Xin invades the State of Qi, defeats Qi's armies, captures their capital Linzi and crushes a coalition army of Chu and Qi forces under Long Ju in the Battle of the Wei River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300115585#China", "title": "204 BC", "revid": 1300115585, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -202, "year_label": "203 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Han Xin completes the conquest of Qi, and Liu Bang appoints him as its king.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325743211#China", "title": "203 BC", "revid": 1325743211, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": -188, "year_label": "189 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Liu Fei, Chinese prince and proclaimed king of the former Qi State (Zhou dynasty) (b. 221 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370483432#Deaths", "title": "189 BC", "revid": 1370483432, "section": "Deaths"}}]}