{"slug": "ptolemaic-kingdom", "label": "Ptolemaic Kingdom", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2320005", "qid": "Q2320005", "description": "period from 305 to 30 BC in ancient Egypt", "entries": 31, "years": 25, "span": [-244, 868], "span_label": ["245 BCE", "868 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 13}, {"title": "Births", "count": 8}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["History of Ptolemaic Egypt", "Ptolemaic Egypt", "Ptolemaic kingdom"], "related": [{"slug": "ptolemy-xii-auletes", "label": "Ptolemy XII Auletes", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "cleopatra", "label": "Cleopatra", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "caesarion", "label": "Caesarion", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-triumph", "label": "Roman triumph", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "illyricum-roman-province", "label": "Illyricum (Roman province)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "augustus", "label": "Augustus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "abbasid-caliphate", "label": "Abbasid Caliphate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "egypt-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "Egypt in the Middle Ages", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "turkic-peoples", "label": "Turkic peoples", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tulunids", "label": "Tulunids", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "august", "label": "August", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -244, "year_label": "245 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Babylon and Susa fall to the Ptolemaic armies of Ptolemy III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172724#Egypt", "title": "245 BC", "revid": 1354172724, "section": "Events › By place › Egypt"}}, {"year": -203, "year_label": "204 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy IV Philopator, king (Pharaoh) of Egypt", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300115585#Deaths", "title": "204 BC", "revid": 1300115585, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -116, "year_label": "117 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XII Auletes, king (pharaoh) of Egypt (d. 51 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351497823#Births", "title": "117 BC", "revid": 1351497823, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -115, "year_label": "116 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy IX Philometor Soter II Lathyros becomes king of Egypt and claims the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358047657#Egypt", "title": "116 BC", "revid": 1358047657, "section": "Events › By place › Egypt"}}, {"year": -115, "year_label": "116 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Ptolemy VIII Physcon, king (pharaoh) of Egypt (b. c. 182 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358047657#Deaths", "title": "116 BC", "revid": 1358047657, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -100, "year_label": "101 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cleopatra III, queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom (assassinated by her son Ptolemy X Alexander I)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1295629722#Deaths", "title": "101 BC", "revid": 1295629722, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -87, "year_label": "88 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy X Alexander I, king (pharaoh) of Egypt", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325703284#Deaths", "title": "88 BC", "revid": 1325703284, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -80, "year_label": "81 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy IX Lathyros, king of Ptolemaic Egypt", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367369494#Deaths", "title": "81 BC", "revid": 1367369494, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -79, "year_label": "80 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XII Auletes succeeds Ptolemy XI Alexander II to the throne of Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1266100545#Egypt", "title": "80 BC", "revid": 1266100545, "section": "Events › By place › Egypt"}}, {"year": -79, "year_label": "80 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Berenice III, queen regnant of Egypt (b. 120 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1266100545#Deaths", "title": "80 BC", "revid": 1266100545, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -79, "year_label": "80 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XI Alexander II, king (pharaoh) of Egypt", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1266100545#Deaths", "title": "80 BC", "revid": 1266100545, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -76, "year_label": "77 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Berenice IV Epiphaneia, Greek princess and queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom (d. 55 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364740529#Births", "title": "77 BC", "revid": 1364740529, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -69, "year_label": "70 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Cleopatra VII, queen of Egypt (d. 30 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1329933586#Births", "title": "70 BC", "revid": 1329933586, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -68, "year_label": "69 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Cleopatra VII Philopator, queen of Egypt (d. 30 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1225088492#Births", "title": "69 BC", "revid": 1225088492, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -61, "year_label": "62 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, king (pharaoh) of Egypt (d. 47 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344835859#Births", "title": "62 BC", "revid": 1344835859, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -59, "year_label": "60 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XIV, king (pharaoh) of Egypt (or 59 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359808394#Births", "title": "60 BC", "revid": 1359808394, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -58, "year_label": "59 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XIV, king (pharaoh) of Egypt (or 60 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1327068186#Births", "title": "59 BC", "revid": 1327068186, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -57, "year_label": "58 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Berenice IV becomes queen of Egypt after temporarily dethroning her father, King Ptolemy XII Auletes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364740578#Egypt", "title": "58 BC", "revid": 1364740578, "section": "Events › By place › Egypt"}}, {"year": -54, "year_label": "55 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Berenice IV Epiphaneia, queen of Egypt (b. 77 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364737843#Deaths", "title": "55 BC", "revid": 1364737843, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -50, "year_label": "51 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy XII (Auletes), king (pharaoh) of the Ptolemaic Kingdom", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350525894#Deaths", "title": "51 BC", "revid": 1350525894, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -50, "year_label": "51 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "by March 22 – Pharaoh Ptolemy XII Auletes dies and is succeeded by his eldest surviving daughter Cleopatra VII and her younger brother Ptolemy XIII as co-rulers of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. By August 29, official documents start listing Cleopatra as sole ruler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350525894#Egypt", "title": "51 BC", "revid": 1350525894, "section": "Events › By place › Egypt"}}, {"year": -47, "year_label": "48 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August", "text": "August – Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus, who flees to Egypt. Pompey's army by and large is pardoned.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300612578#Roman_Republic", "title": "48 BC", "revid": 1300612578, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -46, "year_label": "47 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 23", "text": "June 23 – Caesarion, prince of Egypt, later Ptolemy XV (d. 30 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209881860#Births", "title": "47 BC", "revid": 1209881860, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -45, "year_label": "46 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Caesar's erstwhile mistress, Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, and his son by her, Caesarion, take up residence in one of the dictator's estates on the Tiber.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361069033#Roman_Republic", "title": "46 BC", "revid": 1361069033, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -43, "year_label": "44 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "c. August – Ptolemy XIV, king (pharaoh) of Egypt (presumed murdered) (b. c. 59 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362159803#Deaths", "title": "44 BC", "revid": 1362159803, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -29, "year_label": "30 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Cornelius Gallus lands in Cyrene and occupies Paraetonium. Mark Antony storms the city walls and blockades the harbour, then retreats with his army (7 legions) to Egypt and receives the news that Pelusium has opened its gates to Octavian without resistance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357307367#Roman_Republic", "title": "30 BC", "revid": 1357307367, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -29, "year_label": "30 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "c. August 12 – Cleopatra VII, queen of Ptolemaic Egypt (likely suicide) (b. 69 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357307367#Deaths", "title": "30 BC", "revid": 1357307367, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -28, "year_label": "29 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Octavian celebrates, in Rome, three triumphs on consecutive days (August 13, August 14, and August 15) to commemorate his victories in Illyricum, Actium and Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349908551#Roman_Republic", "title": "29 BC", "revid": 1349908551, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -28, "year_label": "29 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy Philadelphus, Ptolemaic prince of Egypt (b. 36 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349908551#Deaths", "title": "29 BC", "revid": 1349908551, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -9, "year_label": "10 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Obelisk of Montecitorio is brought from Egypt to Rome by Emperor Augustus to be erected as a sundial gnomon of the Solarium Augusti. It is now in the Piazza Montecitorio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372852683#Roman_Empire", "title": "10 BC", "revid": 1372852683, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 868, "year_label": "868 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – Ahmad ibn Tulun, a Turkish general, is sent to Egypt as governor, by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tazz. He becomes the founder of the Tulunid Dynasty (until 905), and Egypt becomes an autonomous state for the first time since the Ptolemaic Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358169430#Africa", "title": "868", "revid": 1358169430, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}]}