{"slug": "president-of-the-united-states", "label": "President of the United States", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11696", "qid": "Q11696", "description": "head of state and head of government of the United States of America", "entries": 160, "years": 109, "span": [1732, 2025], "span_label": ["1732 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 44}, {"title": "Births", "count": 43}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 32}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 8}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 5}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 4}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 4}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["American president", "POTUS", "Presidency of the United States", "President of United States", "President of the United States of America", "U.S. President", "U.S. president", "US President", "US president", "United States President"], "related": [{"slug": "donald-trump", "label": "Donald Trump", "shared": 15}, {"slug": "vice-president-of-the-united-states", "label": "Vice President of the United States", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "barack-obama", "label": "Barack Obama", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "franklin-d-roosevelt", "label": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "white-house", "label": "White House", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "james-madison", "label": "James Madison", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "bill-clinton", "label": "Bill Clinton", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "ronald-reagan", "label": "Ronald Reagan", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "abraham-lincoln", "label": "Abraham Lincoln", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "united-states-house-of-representatives", "label": "United States House of Representatives", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "grover-cleveland", "label": "Grover Cleveland", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "nobel-peace-prize", "label": "Nobel Peace Prize", "shared": 5}], "items": [{"year": 1732, "year_label": "1732 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 22", "text": "February 22 – George Washington, first President of the United States (d. 1799)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369314491#Births", "title": "1732", "revid": 1369314491, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States, author of the Declaration of American Independence (d. 1826)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360887949#Births", "title": "1743", "revid": 1360887949, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1751, "year_label": "1751 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – James Madison, fourth President of the United States (d. 1836)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351037611#Births", "title": "1751", "revid": 1351037611, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1758, "year_label": "1758 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – James Monroe, fifth President of the United States (d. 1831)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366206062#Births", "title": "1758", "revid": 1366206062, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1767, "year_label": "1767 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – Andrew Jackson, seventh President of the United States (d. 1845)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365587024#Births", "title": "1767", "revid": 1365587024, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1767, "year_label": "1767 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – John Quincy Adams, sixth President of the United States, son of John Adams and Abigail Adams (d. 1848)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365587024#Births", "title": "1767", "revid": 1365587024, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1773, "year_label": "1773 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – William Henry Harrison, American military leader and ninth President of the United States (d. 1841)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365114710#Births", "title": "1773", "revid": 1365114710, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1778, "year_label": "1778 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Thomas Lincoln, farmer and father of President Abraham Lincoln (died 1851)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371257903#Births", "title": "1778 in the United States", "revid": 1371257903, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1784, "year_label": "1784 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Zachary Taylor, 12th President of the United States (d. 1850)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370567291#Births", "title": "1784", "revid": 1370567291, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1790, "year_label": "1790 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 8", "text": "January 8 – President of the U.S. George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326580277#January–March", "title": "1790 in the United States", "revid": 1326580277, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1790, "year_label": "1790 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – John Tyler, tenth President of the United States (d. 1862)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361336081#Births", "title": "1790", "revid": 1361336081, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1791, "year_label": "1791 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – James Buchanan, American lawyer, politician, and 15th President of the United States. (d. 1868)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365416177#Births", "title": "1791", "revid": 1365416177, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1795, "year_label": "1795 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – James K. Polk, 11th President of the United States (d. 1849)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352627752#Births", "title": "1795", "revid": 1352627752, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1796, "year_label": "1796 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – The U.S. Electoral College meets to elect John Adams president.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370958296#Events", "title": "1796 in the United States", "revid": 1370958296, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1800, "year_label": "1800 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (d. 1874)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370325498#January–June", "title": "1800", "revid": 1370325498, "section": "Births › January–June"}}, {"year": 1800, "year_label": "1800 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – U.S. President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370325498#October–December", "title": "1800", "revid": 1370325498, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February", "text": "February – Contingent election of 1801: An electoral tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr is resolved, when Jefferson is elected President of the United States and Burr Vice President by the United States House of Representatives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369642987#Events", "title": "1801 in the United States", "revid": 1369642987, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1804, "year_label": "1804 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – The Twelfth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which reforms the way that candidates for President and Vice President are chosen, is ratified by Tennessee, removing doubt surrounding adoption.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369393739#July–September", "title": "1804", "revid": 1369393739, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1804, "year_label": "1804 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (d. 1869)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369393739#July–December", "title": "1804", "revid": 1369393739, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1805, "year_label": "1805 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – Thomas Jefferson is sworn in for a second term as President of the United States, and George Clinton is sworn in as Vice President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322981653#Events", "title": "1805 in the United States", "revid": 1322981653, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1808, "year_label": "1808 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States (d. 1875)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369185588#July–December", "title": "1808", "revid": 1369185588, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349276571#January–June", "title": "1809", "revid": 1349276571, "section": "Births › January–June"}}, {"year": 1811, "year_label": "1811 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "U.S. President James Madison, in his message to Congress, says: \"We have seen the British Cabinet not only persist, in refusing satisfaction demanded for the wrongs we have already suffered, but it is extending to our own waters that blockade, which is become a virtual war against us, through a stoppage of our legitimate commerce.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955922#Events", "title": "1811 in Canada", "revid": 1349955922, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "April 4", "text": "4 April – U.S. President James Madison enacts a ninety–day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1306548855#Events", "title": "1812 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1306548855, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the U.S. Congress to declare war on Great Britain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369643299#April–June", "title": "1812 in the United States", "revid": 1369643299, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – James Madison is sworn in as President of the United States for his second term, and Elbridge Gerry is sworn in as Vice President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368032457#January–March", "title": "1813 in the United States", "revid": 1368032457, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (d. 1885)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#January–June", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Births › January–June"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States (d. 1893)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#July–December", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1825, "year_label": "1825 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – After no presidential candidate receives a majority of U.S. Electoral College votes, the United States House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams as President of the United States in a contingent election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370762038#January–March", "title": "1825 in the United States", "revid": 1370762038, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1828, "year_label": "1828 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – U.S. presidential election: Challenger Andrew Jackson beats incumbent John Quincy Adams and is elected President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322982275#Events", "title": "1828 in the United States", "revid": 1322982275, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1829, "year_label": "1829 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371400114#July–December", "title": "1829", "revid": 1371400114, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1831, "year_label": "1831 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States (d. 1881)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360358594#July–December", "title": "1831", "revid": 1360358594, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1833, "year_label": "1833 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – Andrew Jackson is sworn in for his second term as President of the United States, and Martin Van Buren is sworn in as Vice President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369618364#January–March", "title": "1833 in the United States", "revid": 1369618364, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1833, "year_label": "1833 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States (d. 1901)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983797#July–December", "title": "1833", "revid": 1369983797, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1834, "year_label": "1834 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March 28", "text": "March 28 – The United States Senate censures President Andrew Jackson for his actions in defunding the Second Bank of the United States (censure expunged in 1837).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322982417#Events", "title": "1834 in the United States", "revid": 1322982417, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1836, "year_label": "1836 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – James Madison, 85, 4th President of the United States (b. 1751)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342504#January–June", "title": "1836", "revid": 1368342504, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – Grover Cleveland, 22nd and 24th President of the United States (d. 1908)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360323585#January–March", "title": "1837", "revid": 1360323585, "section": "Births › January–March"}}, {"year": 1841, "year_label": "1841 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – William Henry Harrison, American military officer and politician, 9th President of the United States (b. 1773)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360265400#January–June", "title": "1841", "revid": 1360265400, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1843, "year_label": "1843 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (d. 1901)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366016136#January", "title": "1843", "revid": 1366016136, "section": "Births › January"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 23", "text": "February 23 – John Quincy Adams, 6th President of the United States, son of John Adams and Abigail Adams (b. 1767)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#January–June", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – Zachary Taylor, 65, 12th President of the United States (b. 1784)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#July–September", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Deaths › July–September"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Tenant farmer Michael O'Regan emigrates from County Tipperary to London. He will become paternal great-grandfather to Ronald Reagan, President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363475327#Events", "title": "1852 in Ireland", "revid": 1363475327, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1856, "year_label": "1856 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – The American Know Nothing Party convenes in Philadelphia to nominate their first Presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371140008#January–March", "title": "1856", "revid": 1371140008, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1856, "year_label": "1856 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – The American Party (Know-Nothings) convene in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to nominate their first presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373775633#January–March", "title": "1856 in the United States", "revid": 1373775633, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1856, "year_label": "1856 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 1856 United States presidential election: Democrat James Buchanan defeats former President Millard Fillmore, representing a coalition of Know Nothings and Whigs, and John C. Frémont of the fledgling Republican Party, to become the 15th President of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371140008#October–December", "title": "1856", "revid": 1371140008, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1856, "year_label": "1856 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – Woodrow Wilson, 28th President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1924)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371140008#October–December", "title": "1856", "revid": 1371140008, "section": "Births › October–December"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States and 10th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1930)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366379985#July–September", "title": "1857", "revid": 1366379985, "section": "Births › July–September"}}, {"year": 1858, "year_label": "1858 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 27", "text": "October 27 – Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1919)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371625769#September–October", "title": "1858", "revid": 1371625769, "section": "Births › September–October"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – Martin Van Buren, 79, 8th President of the United States (b. 1782)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358615004#July–December", "title": "1862", "revid": 1358615004, "section": "Deaths › July–December"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 22", "text": "September 22 – American Civil War: Preliminary announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation by President Abraham Lincoln: From January 1, 1863, slaves in the Confederate States will be considered free.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370943359#September", "title": "1862 in the United States", "revid": 1370943359, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – Assassination of Abraham Lincoln: President of the United States Abraham Lincoln is shot while attending an evening performance of the farce Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., by actor and Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#April", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 15", "text": "April 15 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (b. 1809)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#January–June", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (d. 1923)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#November–December", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Births › November–December"}}, {"year": 1868, "year_label": "1868 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – Impeachment of Andrew Johnson: Three days after his action to dismiss United States Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, the United States House of Representatives votes 126–47 in favor of a resolution to impeach Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, the first of three Presidents to be impeached by the full House. Johnson is later acquitted by the United States Senate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363668193#February", "title": "1868", "revid": 1363668193, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1868, "year_label": "1868 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States (b. 1791)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363668193#January–June", "title": "1868", "revid": 1363668193, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 8", "text": "October 8 – Franklin Pierce, 64, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#July–December", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Deaths › July–December"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – Victoria Woodhull becomes the first woman nominated for President of the United States, although she is a year too young to qualify and does not appear on the ballot.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#May", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Calvin Coolidge, 30th President of the United States (d. 1933)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#July–September", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Births › July–September"}}, {"year": 1874, "year_label": "1874 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (b. 1800)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371979117#January–June", "title": "1874", "revid": 1371979117, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1874, "year_label": "1874 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 – Herbert Hoover, 31st President of the United States (d. 1964)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371979117#August", "title": "1874", "revid": 1371979117, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States (b. 1808)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#July–December", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Deaths › July–December"}}, {"year": 1879, "year_label": "1879 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – Women's rights: President Rutherford B. Hayes signs a bill allowing female attorneys to argue cases before the Supreme Court of the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369651189#Events", "title": "1879 in the United States", "revid": 1369651189, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1881, "year_label": "1881 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 2", "text": "July 2 – Assassination of James A. Garfield: James A. Garfield, President of the United States, is shot by lawyer Charles J. Guiteau at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station in Washington, D.C. He survives the shooting but suffers from infection of his wound, dying on September 19.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370112430#July–September", "title": "1881 in the United States", "revid": 1370112430, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1881, "year_label": "1881 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 19", "text": "September 19 – James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States (b. 1831)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369747876#July_–_December", "title": "1881", "revid": 1369747876, "section": "Deaths › July – December"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – Charles J. Guiteau is found guilty of the assassination of James A. Garfield (President of the United States), despite an insanity defense raised by his lawyer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360592219#January–March", "title": "1882 in the United States", "revid": 1360592219, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – Franklin D. Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360586433#January", "title": "1882", "revid": 1360586433, "section": "Births › January"}}, {"year": 1885, "year_label": "1885 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Ulysses S. Grant, 63, American Civil War general, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366156062#July–December", "title": "1885", "revid": 1366156062, "section": "Deaths › July–December"}}, {"year": 1886, "year_label": "1886 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 2", "text": "June 2 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland marries Frances Folsom in the White House (Washington, D.C.), becoming the only President of the United States to wed in the executive mansion. She is 27 years his junior.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679431#June", "title": "1886", "revid": 1372679431, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1886, "year_label": "1886 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 18", "text": "November 18 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (b. 1829)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679431#July–December", "title": "1886", "revid": 1372679431, "section": "Deaths › July–December"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 19", "text": "June 19 – In Chicago, the Republican Convention opens at the Auditorium Building. Benjamin Harrison and Levi P. Morton win the nominations for President and Vice President of the United States, respectively.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#June", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – In a letter accepting renomination as President of the United States, Grover Cleveland declares the Chinese \"impossible of assimilation with our people and dangerous to our peace and welfare\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#September", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 22", "text": "February 22 – President Grover Cleveland signs the Enabling Act of 1889, admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#February", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – Dwight D. Eisenhower, US general and 34th President of the United States (d. 1969)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#October", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Births › October"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States (b. 1822)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369946190#January–June", "title": "1893", "revid": 1369946190, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States (b. 1833)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318021#March–April", "title": "1901", "revid": 1373318021, "section": "Deaths › March–April"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (assassinated) (b. 1843)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318021#September–October", "title": "1901", "revid": 1373318021, "section": "Deaths › September–October"}}, {"year": 1906, "year_label": "1906 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, authorizing the president to restrict the use of certain parcels of public land with historical or conservation value.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359644694#April–June", "title": "1906 in the United States", "revid": 1359644694, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – Grover Cleveland, 22nd and 24th President of the United States (born 1837)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#April–June", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Deaths › April–June"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 27", "text": "August 27 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (died 1973)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#August", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States and actor (d. 2004)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#February", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Births › February"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 9", "text": "January 9 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#January", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Births › January"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 14", "text": "July 14 – Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#July", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Births › July"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – WWI: The Selective Service Act passes the United States Congress, giving the President the power of conscription.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#May", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States (d. 1963)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#May", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Births › May"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States (b. 1858)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#January", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Deaths › January"}}, {"year": 1922, "year_label": "1922 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "February 8", "text": "February 8 – President of the United States Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio in the White House.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983934#February", "title": "1922", "revid": 1369983934, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1922, "year_label": "1922 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – President of the United States Warren G. Harding makes his first speech on the radio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983934#June", "title": "1922", "revid": 1369983934, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 – Warren G. Harding, American politician, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#August", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Deaths › August"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 6", "text": "December 6 – Calvin Coolidge addresses the United States Congress in the first radio broadcast from a President of the U.S.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#November–December", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – Woodrow Wilson, 28th President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize recipient (b. 1856)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372136634#February", "title": "1924", "revid": 1372136634, "section": "Deaths › February"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "February 22", "text": "February 22 – Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to deliver a radio broadcast from the White House.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372136634#February", "title": "1924", "revid": 1372136634, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – George H. W. Bush, 41st President of the United States (d. 2018)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372136634#June", "title": "1924", "revid": 1372136634, "section": "Births › June"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – Jimmy Carter, 39th President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 2024)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372136634#October", "title": "1924", "revid": 1372136634, "section": "Births › October"}}, {"year": 1930, "year_label": "1930 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States, 10th Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1857)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373315156#March_–_April", "title": "1930", "revid": 1373315156, "section": "Deaths › March – April"}}, {"year": 1930, "year_label": "1930 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act into law, implementing protectionist trade policies in the United States. It has the incidental effect of defining an antique as older than 1830.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373315156#June", "title": "1930", "revid": 1373315156, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – Calvin Coolidge, 30th President of the United States (b. 1872)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#January", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Deaths › January"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "August 14", "text": "August 14 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act into law.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364797431#July–September", "title": "1935 in the United States", "revid": 1364797431, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 – The Einstein–Szilard letter is signed by Albert Einstein, advising President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt of the potential use of uranium to construct an atomic bomb. It is delivered on October 11 and leads to the first meeting on October 21 of the Advisory Committee on Uranium.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#August", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – During his State of the Union address, President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt presents his Four Freedoms, as fundamental global human rights.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#January", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – Joe Biden, 46th President of the United States", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#November", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Births › November"}}, {"year": 1943, "year_label": "1943 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22–26 – WWII: Cairo Conference (\"Sextant\") – President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Chairman of the National Government of China Chiang Kai-shek meet at Cairo, Egypt, to discuss ways to defeat Japan in the Pacific War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373526844#November", "title": "1943", "revid": 1373526844, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4–11 – WWII: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin hold the Yalta Conference.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#February", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – Franklin D. Roosevelt, American political leader and statesman, 32nd President of the United States (b. 1882)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#April", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Deaths › April"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – Donald Trump, 45th & 47th President of the United States", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#June", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Births › June"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 6", "text": "July 6 – George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#July", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Births › July"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 19", "text": "August 19 – Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#August", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – President Harry S. Truman orders the development of the hydrogen bomb, in response to the detonation of the Soviet Union's first atomic bomb in 1949.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370535692#January–March", "title": "1950 in the United States", "revid": 1370535692, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#February", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – The U.S. State Department released tapes that showed that Soviet jets had shot down an unarmed American Lockheed C-130 transport plane on September 2, 1958. Transmissions between the two fighter planes, identified as \"201\" and \"218\", had been intercepted in Turkey. The Soviets denounced the tapes as a \"clumsy fake\". On the same day, Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev invited U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to visit Moscow, adding that he could bring anyone, and go anywhere, he chose. In his speech, Khrushchev referred to U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and proclaimed, \"Mr. Dulles, if you so desire, then for the sake of ending the Cold War, we are even prepared to admit your victory in this war that is unwanted by the peoples. Regard yourselves, gentlemen, as victors in this war, but end it quickly.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1266154737#February", "title": "1959 in the Soviet Union", "revid": 1266154737, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev demands an apology from President Dwight D. Eisenhower for the U-2 reconnaissance plane flights over the Soviet Union, thus aborting their summit meeting scheduled for Paris this year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#May", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – 1960 United States presidential election: In a close race, Democratic U. S. Senator John F. Kennedy is elected over Republican U. S. Vice President Richard Nixon, to become (at 43) the second youngest man to serve as President of the United States, and the youngest man elected to this position.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#November", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C. to vote in presidential elections.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#March", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 4", "text": "August 4 – Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#August", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – John F. Kennedy, American politician, 35th President of the United States (assassinated) (b. 1917)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#November", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Deaths › November"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Herbert Hoover, American politician, 31st President of the United States (born 1874)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#October", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Deaths › October"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "30-31 October – US President Lyndon Baines Johnson visited Malaysia, being the first American president to do so. On 31 October, President Johnson visited Kampung Labu Jaya village (now FELDA LB Johnson) in Negeri Sembilan state.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373377207#Events", "title": "1966 in Malaysia", "revid": 1373377207, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October", "text": "27-30 October - His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej welcomed U.S. President Lyndon Johnson for a State Visit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345750854#October", "title": "1966 in Thailand", "revid": 1345750854, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "28-30 June - King Bhumibol Adulyadej welcomed and met US President Richard Nixon for a visit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320988585#Events", "title": "1969 in Thailand", "revid": 1320988585, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 28", "text": "March 28 – Dwight D. Eisenhower, American general and politician, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373164180#March", "title": "1969", "revid": 1373164180, "section": "Deaths › March"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 26", "text": "December 26 – Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States (b. 1884)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#December", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Deaths › December"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#January", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Deaths › January"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – On Jimmy Carter's last day as 39th President of the United States, he had hoped that the 52 American hostages in Iran would be allowed to leave before his term expired at noon. At 6:18 am Washington time, the escrow papers were completed to transfer $7,970,000,000 in Iranian assets from U.S. banks to the Bank of England. At 8:04 am EST, the Algerian intermediaries notified both the U.S. and Iran that the transfer was complete. The Boeing 727 carrying the hostages, Air Algérie Flight 133, was boarded at 8:20 pm Tehran time (11:50 am EST), but did not depart until 35 minutes later, after Ronald Reagan was sworn into office as the 40th U.S. President.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350002385#January", "title": "1981 in Iran", "revid": 1350002385, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29–June 3 – The Moscow Summit meeting between U.S. President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev takes place, where the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) was finalized.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#May", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – In Cartagena, Colombia, a summit is held between President of the United States George H. W. Bush, President of Bolivia Jaime Paz Zamora, President of Colombia Virgilio Barco Vargas, and President of Peru Alan García. The leaders pledge additional cooperation in fighting international drug trafficking.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#February", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – Gulf War: U.S. President Bush declares victory over Iraq and orders a cease-fire. U.S. troops begin to leave the Persian Gulf on March 10.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#February", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Bill Clinton and Al Gore are inaugurated as US President and Vice President.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#January", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 26", "text": "26 June – Cruise missile airstrikes on Iraq is ordered by U.S. President Bill Clinton as retaliation for Iraq alleged involvement in an assassination attempt on former President George H. W. Bush.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1308318795#Events", "title": "1993 in Iraq", "revid": 1308318795, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – Richard Nixon, 81, 37th President of the United States, stroke.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366046392", "title": "Deaths in April 1994", "revid": 1366046392, "section": "Deaths › April"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – Bob Dole is nominated for President of the United States, and Jack Kemp for vice president, at the Republican National Convention in San Diego, California.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#August", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November", "text": "25-26 November - His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej welcomes U.S. President Bill Clinton for a State Visit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1328109660#November", "title": "1996 in Thailand", "revid": 1328109660, "section": "Event › November"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "United States President Bill Clinton signed an executive order freezing the accounts of Osama bin Laden. Bin Laden was also placed on the FBI most wanted list, and a reward of US$5 million was offered for his capture. An Italian army officer working for the United Nations is shot dead in Kabul. All foreigners working for the UN in Afghanistan are evacuated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371364314#August_21,_1998", "title": "1998 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1371364314, "section": "August 21, 1998"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 19", "text": "December 19 – The U.S. House of Representatives forwards articles of impeachment against President Clinton to the Senate, making him the second president to be impeached in U.S. history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#December", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2000, "year_label": "2000 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 20", "text": "20 March – President Bill Clinton becomes the first president of America to visit Bangladesh.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367982726#Events", "title": "2000 in Bangladesh", "revid": 1367982726, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – Ronald Reagan, 93, American actor (Kings Row) and politician, President (1981–1989), Governor of California (1967–1975), pneumonia and complications from Alzheimer's.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372515346", "title": "Deaths in June 2004", "revid": 1372515346, "section": "Deaths › June"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 26", "text": "December 26 – Gerald Ford, 93, American politician, President (1974–1977), Vice President (1973–1974), arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease and diffuse arteriosclerosis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369974506", "title": "Deaths in December 2006", "revid": 1369974506, "section": "Deaths › December"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7: President of the United States George W. Bush and President of Russia Vladimir Putin meet to discuss missile defense. Putin, in a minor reversal of recent rhetoric regarding Bush's European missile shield plans, suggests placing a radar installation in Azerbaijan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1324676412#June", "title": "2007 in Azerbaijan", "revid": 1324676412, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "October 3", "text": "October 3 – 2008 financial crisis: U.S. President George W. Bush signs the revised Emergency Economic Stabilization Act into law, creating a 700 billion dollar Treasury fund to purchase failing bank assets.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#October", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – 2008 United States presidential election: Democratic U.S. Senator Barack Obama defeats Republican candidate John McCain and is elected the 44th President of the United States, making him the first African-American to be elected to the office.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#November", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Barack Obama is sworn in as the 44th President of the United States, becoming the first African-American to hold the office.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#January", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July", "text": "21–22 July – New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visits Washington, D.C. in the United States to meet with U.S. President Barack Obama. During their meeting at the White House, Prime Minister John Key and U.S. President Obama send their condolences to the people of Norway following the tragic terrorist attacks in Oslo, and are a reminder that the entire world must work together to prevent future attacks since World War II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1328114167#July", "title": "2011 in New Zealand", "revid": 1328114167, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 - Despite warnings by U.S. President Barack Obama that Jong-Un has nothing to gain from provocations, Pyongyang proceeds to launch a satellite launching rocket, which disintegrates in mid-air.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310882598#April", "title": "2012 in North Korea", "revid": 1310882598, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 2012 United States presidential election: Barack Obama is reelected President of the United States, defeating his Republican challenger Mitt Romney.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#November", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2014, "year_label": "2014 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – United States President Barack Obama's new economic sanctions against Russia go into effect, targeting companies and individuals close to Russian President Vladimir Putin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373534475#April", "title": "2014", "revid": 1373534475, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2016, "year_label": "2016 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – 2016 United States presidential election: Businessman and television personality Donald Trump is elected the 45th President of the United States in a surprise upset against his opponent, former Secretary of State and First Lady Hillary Clinton.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373421880#November", "title": "2016", "revid": 1373421880, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 21", "text": "January 21 – Millions of people worldwide join the Women's March following the inauguration of Donald Trump as President of the United States. 420 marches were reported in the U.S. and 168 in other countries, becoming the largest single-day protest in American history at the time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#January", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – President of the United States Donald Trump accepts an invitation from North Korean leader Kim Jong Un for a meeting in May to discuss the denuclearisation of North Korea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#March", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – U.S. President Donald Trump confirms that the U.S. will leave the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty of 1987, citing Russian non-compliance. The next day, Russia follows suit with suspension of its obligations to the treaty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#February", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27–28 – The 2019 North Korea–United States summit is held in Hanoi, Vietnam. It is the second summit between U.S. President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#February", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 27", "text": "May 27 – U.S. President Donald Trump, during an official state visit to Japan, becomes the first foreign leader to meet with Japanese emperor Naruhito.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#May", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3–5 – U.S. President Donald Trump makes a state visit to the U.K., meeting with Queen Elizabeth II and outgoing Prime Minister Theresa May. It is the first official state visit to the U.K. by a sitting U.S. president since 2011. Trump also attends D-Day commemorative ceremonies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#June", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 30", "text": "June 30 – During a trilateral gathering at the Panmunjom Truce Village between South Korean President Moon Jae-in, North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un and U.S. President Donald Trump, Trump becomes the first sitting U.S. president to cross the Korean Demilitarized Zone and enter North Korea. Trump and Kim also agree to restart stalled denuclearization negotiations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#June", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – The U.S. House of Representatives approves two articles of impeachment against President Trump, making him the third president to be impeached in the nation's history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#December", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – The first impeachment trial of the President of the United States, Donald Trump, begins in the U.S. Senate. He was acquitted on February 5.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#January", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – U.S. president Donald Trump announces that the U.S. will suspend funding towards the World Health Organization (WHO) pending an investigation of its handling of the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#April", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November", "text": "2020 United States presidential election: The election of Joe Biden as the 46th President of the United States and Kamala Harris as the 49th Vice President of the United States is called by many news media organizations after remaining vote counts (November 7) come in from key states delayed by an influx of mail-in ballots caused by the pandemic, defeating incumbent President Donald Trump.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#November", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Supporters of US President Donald Trump attack the US Capitol, disrupting certification of the 2020 presidential election, and forcing both houses of Congress to evacuate. Five people die during the ensuing riot. The event is classified as a domestic terrorist attack, and draws international condemnation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#January", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – Former United States President Donald Trump is found guilty on 34 counts in his hush money trial, the first time any American president had been found guilty of a crime.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#May", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – While campaigning for the 2024 United States presidential election, former President Donald Trump is shot in the right ear in an assassination attempt at a rally he held near Butler, Pennsylvania.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#July", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – Jimmy Carter, 100, American politician and humanitarian, president (1977–1981), governor of Georgia (1971–1975) and Nobel Prize laureate (2002).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373604895", "title": "Deaths in December 2024", "revid": 1373604895, "section": "Deaths › December"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – A meeting between U.S. president Donald Trump and Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy takes place at the White House. Trump and V.P. JD Vance sharply criticise Zelenskyy, raising questions about support for Ukraine, a proposed end to the war, and the country's future in general.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#February", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › February"}}]}