{"slug": "pope-pius-ix", "label": "Pope Pius IX", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43720", "qid": "Q43720", "description": "Pope of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878", "entries": 17, "years": 10, "span": [1792, 1878], "span_label": ["1792 CE", "1878 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 15}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Pius IX"], "related": [{"slug": "naples", "label": "Naples", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "elizabeth-i", "label": "Elizabeth I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cardinal-catholic-church", "label": "Cardinal (Catholic Church)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mary-i", "label": "Mary I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "papal-bull", "label": "Papal bull", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ecuador", "label": "Ecuador", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "england-and-wales", "label": "England and Wales", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-pius-x", "label": "Pope Pius X", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-leo-xiii", "label": "Pope Leo XIII", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mary-mother-of-jesus", "label": "Mary, mother of Jesus", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1792, "year_label": "1792 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – Pope Pius IX (b. Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti), Italian churchman (d. 1878)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359853540#January–June", "title": "1792", "revid": 1359853540, "section": "Births › January–June"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – Pope Pius IX succeeds Pope Gregory XVI as the 255th pope. He will reign for 31½ years (the longest definitely confirmed).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342482#April–June", "title": "1846", "revid": 1368342482, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – Pope Pius IX issues the encyclical Qui pluribus, in response to the growing trend of agnosticism among intellectuals in Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342482#October–December", "title": "1846", "revid": 1368342482, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 29", "text": "April 29 – Pope Pius IX publishes an allocution announcing his refusal to support Piedmont-Sardinia in its war with Austria, and dispelling hopes that he might serve as ruler of a pan-Italian republic. The allocution, by which Pius is seen to withdraw his moral support for the Italian unification movement, is a key first step in the soon-to-be crushing reaction against the revolutions of 1848.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#April–June", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Pope Pius IX flees Rome in disguise for Naples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#October–December", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#April–June", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 29", "text": "September 29 – Papal bull Universalis Ecclesiae: The Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales, by Pope Pius IX and future Pope Pius X.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#July–September", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 29", "text": "29 September – By the Bull Universalis Ecclesiae, Pope Pius IX recreates the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England and Wales, which had become extinct with the death of the last Marian bishop in the reign of Elizabeth I, a move held by many Protestants to constitute \"papal aggression\". Nicholas Wiseman is appointed first Archbishop of Westminster and elevated to Cardinal. He issues a pastoral letter, From Without the Flaminian Gate, and on 21 November is enthroned in St George's Cathedral, Southwark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365774110#Events", "title": "1850 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1365774110, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 9", "text": "December 9 – Pope Pius IX in the apostolic constitution Ineffabilis Deus defines ex Cathedra the dogma of Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Blessed Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#October–December", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1859, "year_label": "1859 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 24", "text": "24 November – Breve of Pope Pius IX congratulating the Catholic University of Leuven on its twenty-fifth anniversary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1319813952#Events", "title": "1859 in Belgium", "revid": 1319813952, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1864, "year_label": "1864 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – Pope Pius IX establishes the Diocese of Gozo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369213895#September", "title": "1864", "revid": 1369213895, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1864, "year_label": "1864 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – Syllabus errorum: Pope Pius IX condemns theological liberalism as an error, and claims the supremacy of Roman Catholic Church authority over civil society. He also condemns rationalism and socialism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369213895#December", "title": "1864", "revid": 1369213895, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Jacob Lloyd is created a Knight of the Order of St. Gregory the Great by Pope Pius IX.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360519402#Events", "title": "1870 in Wales", "revid": 1360519402, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – Pastor aeternus: Pope Pius IX declares papal infallibility, in matters of faith and morals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#July", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1874, "year_label": "1874 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – The Republic of Ecuador is consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, carried out by President Gabriel García Moreno and supported, blessed and specified by Pope Pius IX.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371979117#March", "title": "1874", "revid": 1371979117, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1878, "year_label": "1878 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7 – Pope Pius IX (b. 1792)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365252865#January–June", "title": "1878", "revid": 1365252865, "section": "Deaths › January–June"}}, {"year": 1878, "year_label": "1878 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 20", "text": "February 20 – Pope Leo XIII succeeds Pope Pius IX, as the 256th pope. His pontificate will last for 25 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365252865#February", "title": "1878", "revid": 1365252865, "section": "Events › February"}}]}