{"slug": "plovdiv", "label": "Plovdiv", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plovdiv", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459", "qid": "Q459", "description": "city in Plovdiv municipality, Plovdiv oblast, Bulgaria", "entries": 11, "years": 11, "span": [250, 1928], "span_label": ["250 CE", "1928 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Philippopolis (Thrace)", "Philippopolis (Thracia)"], "related": [{"slug": "bulgaria", "label": "Bulgaria", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thrace-theme", "label": "Thrace (theme)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "john-i-tzimiskes", "label": "John I Tzimiskes", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ottoman-turks", "label": "Ottoman Turks", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "first-bulgarian-empire", "label": "First Bulgarian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "balkans", "label": "Balkans", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pechenegs", "label": "Pechenegs", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "balkan-mountains", "label": "Balkan Mountains", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bardas-skleros", "label": "Bardas Skleros", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "peloponnese", "label": "Peloponnese", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 250, "year_label": "250 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Cniva lays siege to Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv). After a long resistance, Cniva conquers the city and slays its one hundred thousand inhabitants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187135#Roman_Empire", "title": "250", "revid": 1371187135, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 347, "year_label": "347 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Council of Philippopolis is held as the result of Eastern bishops leaving the Council of Sardica. In Philippopolis (Bulgaria), they excommunicate Pope Julius, and as a result, the Arian controversy is perpetuated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267074920#Religion", "title": "347", "revid": 1267074920, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 970, "year_label": "970 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor John I delegates the war in the Balkans to his brother-in-law, the Domestic of the Schools Bardas Skleros, and to the eunuch general Peter Phokas, who begin to gather a Byzantine army in Thrace. At the news of this, a powerful Kievan expeditionary force (30,000 men), along with many Bulgarians and a Pecheneg contingent, is sent south over the Balkan Mountains. After sacking the Bulgarian stronghold of Philippolis (modern-day Plovdiv), they bypass the heavily defended city of Adrianople, and turn towards Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365261460#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "970", "revid": 1365261460, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 972, "year_label": "972 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Emperor John I Tzimiskes divides the Bulgarian territories, recently held by the Kievan Rus', into six new themes. He turns his attention to the East against the Abbasid Caliphate and its vassals, beginning with an invasion of Upper Mesopotamia. John transfers Byzantine troops to Macedonia, and the region of Philippopolis in Thrace, to dilute the Slavs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272305#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "972", "revid": 1365272305, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 – The People's Crusade led by Peter the Hermit reaches Sofia, where they meet envoys from Constantinople with orders to keep them supplied along the road. At Philippopolis the Greeks are so deeply moved by the suffering of Peter and his followers that the locals give them money, food and horses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#First_Crusade", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1189, "year_label": "1189 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August", "text": "August – Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos denies any crusader access and begins to hinder the German forces who try to cross his frontier. Frederick I progresses with force, by capturing Philippopolis and defeats a Byzantine army (some 3,000 men) that attempts to recapture the city. The Germans are delayed for six months in Thrace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362168718#Continental_Europe", "title": "1189", "revid": 1362168718, "section": "Events › By place › Continental Europe"}}, {"year": 1208, "year_label": "1208 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 30", "text": "June 30 – Battle of Philippopolis: Bulgarian forces under Emperor (tsar) Boril are defeated by the Latin army (some 30,000 men) led by Emperor Henry of Flanders, near modern-day Plovdiv, Bulgaria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078934#Europe", "title": "1208", "revid": 1371078934, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1362, "year_label": "1362 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Ottomans capture Philippopolis (or in 1364, 1371) and Adrianopole (the modern-day city of Edirne, or in 1369) from the Byzantine Empire, reducing its territory to the city of Constantinople, part of the Peloponessus, and some islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360556919#Date_unknown", "title": "1362", "revid": 1360556919, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1363, "year_label": "1363 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ottoman Turks seize Filibe (Philippopolis) in Thrace in the Byzantine–Ottoman wars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292555096#Date_unknown", "title": "1363", "revid": 1292555096, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1885, "year_label": "1885 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – The union of Eastern Rumelia with Bulgaria is proclaimed at Plovdiv.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366156062#September", "title": "1885", "revid": 1366156062, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – An earthquake occurs in Chirpan, Bulgaria, followed four days later by another in Plovdiv. Between them, they destroy more than 21,000 buildings, and kill almost 130 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#April", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › April"}}]}