{"slug": "osama-bin-laden", "label": "Osama bin Laden", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317", "qid": "Q1317", "description": "Saudi terrorist and co-founder of al-Qaeda (1957–2011)", "entries": 15, "years": 11, "span": [1957, 2022], "span_label": ["1957 CE", "2022 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Usama bin Laden"], "related": [{"slug": "al-qaeda", "label": "Al-Qaeda", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "united-states", "label": "United States", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "pakistan", "label": "Pakistan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "saudi-arabia", "label": "Saudi Arabia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kenya", "label": "Kenya", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tanzania", "label": "Tanzania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "afghanistan", "label": "Afghanistan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "central-intelligence-agency", "label": "Central Intelligence Agency", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "president-of-the-united-states", "label": "President of the United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bill-clinton", "label": "Bill Clinton", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iraq", "label": "Iraq", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "palestine", "label": "Palestine", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1957, "year_label": "1957 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi-born terrorist and founder of al-Qaeda (d. 2011)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371361971#March", "title": "1957", "revid": 1371361971, "section": "Births › March"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – A meeting of Islamic Jihadi leaders, including Osama bin Laden, takes place, leading to the founding of Al-Qaeda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#August", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "United States embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were bombed. Some 250 people were killed in the blasts and thousands more wounded. Osama bin Laden was the primary suspect.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371364314#August_7,_1998", "title": "1998 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1371364314, "section": "August 7, 1998"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "United States President Bill Clinton signed an executive order freezing the accounts of Osama bin Laden. Bin Laden was also placed on the FBI most wanted list, and a reward of US$5 million was offered for his capture. An Italian army officer working for the United Nations is shot dead in Kabul. All foreigners working for the UN in Afghanistan are evacuated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371364314#August_21,_1998", "title": "1998 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1371364314, "section": "August 21, 1998"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 7", "text": "August 7 – 1998 U.S. embassy bombings: the bombings of the United States embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya, kill 224 people and injure over 4,500; they are linked to terrorist Osama bin Laden, an exile of Saudi Arabia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#August", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2000, "year_label": "2000 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 - The annual U.S. report on international terrorism was released and named Afghanistan as posing a major terrorist threat, partly because it sheltered Osama bin Laden. The report also said that Pakistan refused to end support for groups that trained terrorists in Afghanistan and in Pakistan itself and that Pakistan did not close schools that serve as conduits for terrorism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350779858#May", "title": "2000 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1350779858, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September", "text": "United States Secretary of State Colin Powell confirmed that Osama bin Laden was a suspect, but not the only suspect, for the September 11th attacks. Powell was in contact with Pakistan president Pervez Musharraf to build cooperation in fighting terrorism and to discuss the possibility of U.S. usage of Pakistani air space. Powell also announced that U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage would soon travel to Moscow for talks with Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Trubnikov about Afghanistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351523885#September", "title": "2001 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1351523885, "section": "September"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 11", "text": "September 11 – Suicide attacks on the U.S. kill more than 3,000 people and destroy the two towers of the World Trade Center and part of the Pentagon, using three hijacked passenger airliners as cruise missiles, with a fourth, also hijacked, crashing in a field in Pennsylvania. Early speculation about the source of the attack centered on Saudi-born terrorist leader Osama bin Laden, who was living in and working from Afghanistan. Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan leaders condemned the attacks and rejected suggestions that Osama bin Laden could be behind them.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351523885#September", "title": "2001 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1351523885, "section": "September"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November", "text": "A tape of Osama bin Laden was broadcast on by the Arabic-language al-Jazeera satellite television channel based in Qatar. On the tape, he warned U.S. allies that they would be targets of new attacks if they continued to back the United States. He also hailed attacks in Bali, Kuwait, Yemen and Jordan and the Moscow theatre siege a month earlier. The cassette was handed to an Al Jazeera television correspondent in Islamabad by an unidentified man who disappeared immediately.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652183#November", "title": "2002 in Afghanistan", "revid": 1372652183, "section": "November"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 10", "text": "September 10 – Al-Qaeda leaders Osama bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri release their first video statement since 2001.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371470479#September", "title": "2003", "revid": 1371470479, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Osama bin Laden releases a video taking credit for the September 11 attacks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#October", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 20", "text": "20 March – In a videotape, broadcast by Al Jazeera, the voice identified as Osama bin Laden declares \"Iraq is the perfect base to set up the jihad to liberate Palestine.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367045722#March", "title": "2008 in Iraq", "revid": 1367045722, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – U.S. President Barack Obama announces that Osama bin Laden, the founder and leader of the militant group Al-Qaeda, was killed on May 2, 2011 (PKT, UTC+05) during an American military operation in Pakistan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372940525#May", "title": "2011", "revid": 1372940525, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – Osama bin Laden, 54, Saudi founder of Al-Qaeda, planned September 11 attacks, shot.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372492265", "title": "Deaths in May 2011", "revid": 1372492265, "section": "Deaths › May"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Ayman al-Zawahiri, the Egyptian terrorist who became the 2nd Emir of al-Qaeda after Osama bin Laden's death in 2011, is killed in an airstrike in Kabul, Afghanistan conducted by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#July", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › July"}}]}