{"slug": "ontario", "label": "Ontario", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1904", "qid": "Q1904", "description": "province of Canada", "entries": 23, "years": 23, "span": [1670, 1985], "span_label": ["1670 CE", "1985 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Ontarian", "Ontario, Canada"], "related": [{"slug": "quebec", "label": "Quebec", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "hudson-s-bay-company", "label": "Hudson's Bay Company", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "hudson-bay", "label": "Hudson Bay", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "canada", "label": "Canada", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alberta", "label": "Alberta", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prince-rupert-of-the-rhine", "label": "Prince Rupert of the Rhine", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "saskatchewan", "label": "Saskatchewan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nova-scotia", "label": "Nova Scotia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "new-brunswick", "label": "New Brunswick", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ottawa", "label": "Ottawa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "canadian-confederation", "label": "Canadian Confederation", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pennsylvania", "label": "Pennsylvania", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – The Hudson's Bay Company is granted a royal charter in England with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in \"Rupert's Land\", governed for the crown by Rupert, Duke of Cumberland, the cousin of King Charles II. The land is a 1.5 million square mile area of what is now Canada around Hudson Bay. The area controlled covers all of the modern province of Manitoba, most of Saskatchewan, and significant portions of Alberta and Nunavut, as well as parts of what are now Ontario and Quebec, and parts of the U.S. states of Minnesota, North Dakota and Montana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#April–June", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – The Battle of Fort Albany, an attack by 100 French colonial volunteers and Cree natives on the British Hudson's Bay Company outpost at Fort Albany on Hudson Bay. John Fullartine, commander of the post, leads a successful defense of the fort and 18 of the attackers are killed and then retreat. The site becomes part of a Cree First Nation reserve in the Canadian province of Ontario.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#April–June", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1784, "year_label": "1784 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Butler's Rangers were disbanded in June 1784, and its veterans were given land grants in the Nassau District, now the Niagara region of Ontario, as a reward for their services to the British Crown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360224448#Events", "title": "1784 in Canada", "revid": 1360224448, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Ontario is divided into five districts, under English law.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955218#Events", "title": "1788 in Canada", "revid": 1349955218, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – War of 1812 – Battle of Queenston Heights: As part of the Niagara campaign in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops, led by Sir Isaac Brock (who dies during the battle).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364673712#October–December", "title": "1812", "revid": 1364673712, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1820, "year_label": "1820 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Creation of the municipality of Prescott and Russell in Upper Canada (today Ontario).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349956192#Full_date_unknown", "title": "1820 in Canada", "revid": 1349956192, "section": "Events › Full date unknown"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 8", "text": "July 8 – The Chippewa people cede a huge tract of land in Ontario to British control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#July–September", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1824, "year_label": "1824 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 30", "text": "November 30 – The first sod is turned in Ontario for the first of four Welland Canals. The canal opens for a trial run five years later to the day, on November 30, 1829.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359333471#October–December", "title": "1824", "revid": 1359333471, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1828, "year_label": "1828 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Settlement begins in Stratford, Ontario", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349956438#Events", "title": "1828 in Canada", "revid": 1349956438, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1832, "year_label": "1832 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – The Rideau Canal in eastern Ontario (Canada) is opened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370617764#April–June", "title": "1832", "revid": 1370617764, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1867, "year_label": "1867 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – The British North America Act receives royal assent, forming the Dominion of Canada, in an event known as the Confederation. This unites the Province of Canada (Quebec and Ontario), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia on July 1. Ottawa will become the capital.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365231456#March", "title": "1867", "revid": 1365231456, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1871, "year_label": "1871 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Ontario Schools Act is passed in Ontario, requiring all students aged 7 to 12 to attend school.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349957855#Full_date_unknown", "title": "1871 in Canada", "revid": 1349957855, "section": "Events › Full date unknown"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – Oliver Mowat becomes Premier of Ontario replaces the retiring Edward Blake.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349957885#Events", "title": "1872 in Canada", "revid": 1349957885, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 27", "text": "May 27 – Algonquin Provincial Park is established as a wildlife sanctuary in Ontario.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349958453#Events", "title": "1893 in Canada", "revid": 1349958453, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1897, "year_label": "1897 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 2", "text": "February 2 – Clara Brett Martin becomes the first woman to practise law in Ontario.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349958562#Events", "title": "1897 in Canada", "revid": 1349958562, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1910, "year_label": "1910 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 7", "text": "October 7 – Baudette fire of 1910, a wildfire that burns ca. 350,000 square miles in Minnesota and Ontario, including several towns.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373495790#October", "title": "1910", "revid": 1373495790, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14 – Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec expand to the north", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350731816#Events", "title": "1912 in Canada", "revid": 1350731816, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – Matheson Fire: In Ontario, Canada, a lightning strike ignites a forest fire that destroys the towns of Cochrane and Matheson, killing 233.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#July", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "May 4", "text": "May 4 - Leslie Frost becomes premier of Ontario, replacing Thomas Kennedy", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350029227#Events", "title": "1949 in Canada", "revid": 1350029227, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – A chartered Curtiss C-46 Commando crash-lands in Cobourg, Ontario Canada; all on board survive.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#December", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20–21 – A tornado outbreak tears through Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario, leaving eight people dead and 123 people injured.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#May", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near Toronto International Airport, Toronto, Ontario through pilot error; all 109 passengers and crew are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#July", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Forty-four tornadoes hit Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and Ontario, including a rare and powerful F5. In total, the event kills 90 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369963057#May", "title": "1985", "revid": 1369963057, "section": "Events › May"}}]}