{"slug": "ohio", "label": "Ohio", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397", "qid": "Q1397", "description": "state of the United States of America", "entries": 33, "years": 28, "span": [100, 1985], "span_label": ["100 CE", "1985 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 4}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "cleveland", "label": "Cleveland", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "united-states-senate", "label": "United States Senate", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "new-york-state", "label": "New York (state)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "u-s-state", "label": "U.S. state", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "native-americans-in-the-united-states", "label": "Native Americans in the United States", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "september", "label": "September", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "boston", "label": "Boston", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "democratic-party-united-states", "label": "Democratic Party (United States)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pennsylvania", "label": "Pennsylvania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ontario", "label": "Ontario", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "african-americans", "label": "African Americans", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "american-revolutionary-war", "label": "American Revolutionary War", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 100, "year_label": "100 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Hopewell tradition roughly begins in what is now Ohio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188492#Americas", "title": "AD 100", "revid": 1371188492, "section": "Events › By place › Americas"}}, {"year": 1749, "year_label": "1749 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 19", "text": "May 19 – King George II of Great Britain grants the Ohio Company 200,000 acres (312½ square miles or 810 km 2 ) of land north of the Ohio River, encompassing most of the modern U.S. state of Ohio and part of West Virginia. The grant is conditioned on the Company being able to attract 100 European families every year, for seven years, to move to the area occupied by Indian tribes, and to build a fort to protect them", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727483#April–June", "title": "1749", "revid": 1360727483, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1782, "year_label": "1782 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Gnadenhutten massacre: In Ohio, 29 Native American men, 27 women, and 34 children are killed by colonial militiamen in retaliation for raids carried out by another Native American group.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370562345#January–March", "title": "1782", "revid": 1370562345, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1782, "year_label": "1782 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – American Revolutionary War: In Ohio, the Gnadenhutten massacre of Native Americans takes place in which 29 men, 27 women and 34 children are killed by white militiamen in retaliation for raids carried out by another Native American group.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1278586875#January–March", "title": "1782 in the United States", "revid": 1278586875, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1786, "year_label": "1786 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The Ohio Company of Associates is organized by five businessmen at a meeting at the Bunch-of-Grapes Tavern in Boston to purchase land from the United States government to form settlements in the modern-day U.S. state of Ohio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370552329#January–March", "title": "1786", "revid": 1370552329, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – American pioneers establish the town of Marietta (in modern-day Ohio), the first permanent American settlement outside the original Thirteen Colonies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357260814#April–June", "title": "1788", "revid": 1357260814, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1796, "year_label": "1796 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio \"Cleveland\" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370958296#Events", "title": "1796 in the United States", "revid": 1370958296, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1802, "year_label": "1802 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – The Enabling Act of 1802 authorizes the creation of Ohio from the Northwest Territory and sets a precedent for the creation of future states from the western territories.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370958941#Events", "title": "1802 in the United States", "revid": 1370958941, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1803, "year_label": "1803 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373209562#January–March", "title": "1803", "revid": 1373209562, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1803, "year_label": "1803 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state, retroactive from August 7, 1953 (see History of Ohio).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322981615#Events", "title": "1803 in the United States", "revid": 1322981615, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Construction of Fort Meigs in Ohio begins under the command of Major Amos Stoddard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368032457#January–March", "title": "1813 in the United States", "revid": 1368032457, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1818, "year_label": "1818 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – The first newspaper in Cleveland, Ohio is issued by publisher Andrew Logan. Using the original name of the small settlement (population 172), Logan names the weekly paper The Cleaveland Gazette & Commercial Register.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373165947#July–September", "title": "1818", "revid": 1373165947, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1833, "year_label": "1833 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – Future United States President Benjamin Harrison is born in Ohio. From this date until the death of Former U.S. President James Madison on June 28 1836, a total of 18 Presidents of the United States (2 former, 1 current, and 15 future) are living; which is more than any other time period in U.S. history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983797#July–September", "title": "1833", "revid": 1369983797, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – Mark Hanna, United States Senator from Ohio (d. 1904)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360323585#July–September", "title": "1837", "revid": 1360323585, "section": "Births › July–September"}}, {"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – In what will become the world's leading consumer goods brand, Procter & Gamble is founded in Ohio in the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360323585#October–December", "title": "1837", "revid": 1360323585, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1842, "year_label": "1842 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September", "text": "September – Wesleyan University is established in Ohio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365455258#July–September", "title": "1842", "revid": 1365455258, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1844, "year_label": "1844 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – The Columbus and Xenia Railroad, the first railroad planned to be built in Ohio, is chartered.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372570203#January–March", "title": "1844", "revid": 1372570203, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1853, "year_label": "1853 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – Erie Gauge War: Citizens of the Erie, Pennsylvania, area act to stop new track being laid to resolve rail gauge differences coming from neighboring Ohio and New York.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369652106#October–December", "title": "1853 in the United States", "revid": 1369652106, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – The College of Wooster is founded in Ohio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#December", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1876, "year_label": "1876 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – The Ashtabula River railroad disaster occurs in Ohio when a bridge collapses, leaving 92 dead.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363589433#December", "title": "1876", "revid": 1363589433, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1883, "year_label": "1883 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Bernard Kroger establishes the first Kroger grocery store, in Cincinnati, Ohio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366127181#Date_unknown", "title": "1883", "revid": 1366127181, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1904, "year_label": "1904 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – Mark Hanna, United States Senator from Ohio (born 1837)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373337754#February", "title": "1904", "revid": 1373337754, "section": "Deaths › February"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – The Collinwood school fire near Cleveland, Ohio kills 175.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#March", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – The Collinwood School Fire, near Cleveland, Ohio, kills 174 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340164529#March", "title": "1908 in the United States", "revid": 1340164529, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – Great Dayton Flood: Four days of rain in the Miami Valley flood the region and mark the worst natural disaster in Ohio's recorded history, killing over 360 people and destroying 20,000 homes, chiefly in Dayton.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373826487#January–March", "title": "1913 in the United States", "revid": 1373826487, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – 1920 United States presidential election: Republican U.S. senator Warren G. Harding defeats Democratic governor of Ohio James M. Cox and Socialist Eugene V. Debs, in the first national U.S. election in which women have the right to vote.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#November", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – The U.S. Navy dirigible Shenandoah breaks up in a squall line over Ohio en route to Scottfield, St. Louis; 14 crewmen are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370308234#July–September", "title": "1925 in the United States", "revid": 1370308234, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – John Kasich, Governor of Ohio", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#May", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Births › May"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – The first successful surgical separation of conjoined twins is conducted in Mount Sinai Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#November–December", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – Carl B. Stokes is elected Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, becoming the first African American elected mayor of a major United States city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#November", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 4", "text": "May 4 – Kent State shootings: Four students at Kent State University in Ohio, are killed and nine wounded by Ohio National Guardsmen at a protest against the U.S. incursion into Cambodia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#May", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – Ohio becomes the first U.S. state to post road distance signs in metric (see Metric system in the United States).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373334789#February", "title": "1973 in the United States", "revid": 1373334789, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Forty-four tornadoes hit Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and Ontario, including a rare and powerful F5. In total, the event kills 90 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369963057#May", "title": "1985", "revid": 1369963057, "section": "Events › May"}}]}