{"slug": "nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine", "label": "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80061", "qid": "Q80061", "description": "one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Alfred Nobel", "entries": 22, "years": 22, "span": [1841, 1987], "span_label": ["1841 CE", "1987 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Births", "count": 12}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 4}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}], "also_known_as": ["Nobel Prize for Medicine", "Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine", "Nobel Prize in Medicine", "Nobel prize in medicine"], "related": [{"slug": "boston", "label": "Boston", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1841, "year_label": "1841 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – Emil Kocher, Swiss medical researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1917)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360265400#July–December", "title": "1841", "revid": 1360265400, "section": "Births › July–December"}}, {"year": 1843, "year_label": "1843 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – Robert Koch, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1910)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366016136#December", "title": "1843", "revid": 1366016136, "section": "Births › December"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Élie Metchnikoff, Russian microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1916)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#January–June", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Births › January–June"}}, {"year": 1849, "year_label": "1849 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Ivan Pavlov, Russian physiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1936)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362576929#July–September", "title": "1849", "revid": 1362576929, "section": "Births › July–September"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1934)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354165010#April–June", "title": "1852", "revid": 1354165010, "section": "Births › April–June"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – Paul Ehrlich, German physician and scientist, recipient of the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1915)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#January–March", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Births › January–March"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – Ronald Ross, English physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1932)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366379985#April–June", "title": "1857", "revid": 1366379985, "section": "Births › April–June"}}, {"year": 1874, "year_label": "1874 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 29", "text": "29 November – António Egas Moniz, neurologist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (1949) (died 1955).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323603321#Births", "title": "1874 in Portugal", "revid": 1323603321, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1881, "year_label": "1881 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 6", "text": "August 6 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish biomedical researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1955)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369747876#August", "title": "1881", "revid": 1369747876, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – Frederick Banting, Canadian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1941)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369994059#October–December", "title": "1891", "revid": 1369994059, "section": "Births › October–December"}}, {"year": 1898, "year_label": "1898 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – Howard Florey, Australian-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1968)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367547011#September", "title": "1898", "revid": 1367547011, "section": "Births › September"}}, {"year": 1900, "year_label": "1900 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Karl Landsteiner first reports his discovery of an accurate means for classifying a system of blood type, which will universally be referred to as the ABO blood group system and for which he will be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1930.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373317536#March", "title": "1900", "revid": 1373317536, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 10", "text": "10 December – Ronald Ross wins the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine \"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364563738#Events", "title": "1902 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1364563738, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Francis Crick, English molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2004)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#June", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Births › June"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 21", "text": "February 21 – Sir Frederick Banting, Canadian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1891)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#February", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Deaths › February"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 12", "text": "12 December – Howard Florey shares the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on penicillin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355800985#Science_and_technology", "title": "1945 in Australia", "revid": 1355800985, "section": "Science and technology"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 23", "text": "December 23 – The first successful kidney transplant is performed by Joseph E. Murray, MD in Boston from one identical twin to his brother. Murray will later share the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his \"[discovery] concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679596#December", "title": "1954 in the United States", "revid": 1372679596, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1881)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#March", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Deaths › March"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Frank Macfarlane Burnet is announced joint winner of the Nobel Prize for Medicine", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347871052#Science_and_technology", "title": "1960 in Australia", "revid": 1347871052, "section": "Science and technology"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January 4", "text": "4 January – May-Britt Moser, neuroscientist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346127439#January", "title": "1963 in Norway", "revid": 1346127439, "section": "Notable births › January"}}, {"year": 1968, "year_label": "1968 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 21", "text": "February 21 – Howard Florey, Australian-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (b. 1898)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310387#February", "title": "1968", "revid": 1371310387, "section": "Deaths › February"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12: Susumu Tonegawa wins the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337693415#Events", "title": "1987 in Japan", "revid": 1337693415, "section": "Events"}}]}