{"slug": "new-england", "label": "New England", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18389", "qid": "Q18389", "description": "region of the northeasternmost United States", "entries": 29, "years": 25, "span": [1616, 2017], "span_label": ["1616 CE", "2017 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 7}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 5}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "boston", "label": "Boston", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "nova-scotia", "label": "Nova Scotia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "canada", "label": "Canada", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "north-america", "label": "North America", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "algonquian-peoples", "label": "Algonquian peoples", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "native-americans-in-the-united-states", "label": "Native Americans in the United States", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "william-iii-of-england", "label": "William III of England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nine-years-war", "label": "Nine Years' War", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "grand-alliance-league-of-augsburg", "label": "Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "indigenous-peoples-of-the-americas", "label": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "christianity", "label": "Christianity", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The New England Indian smallpox or leptospirosis epidemic of 1616–19 begins to depopulate the region, killing an estimated 90% of the coastal native peoples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1648, "year_label": "1648 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August", "text": "August – The Cambridge Platform, a new, localized system of Christian church governance, is agreed upon and written down in New England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346163846#July–September", "title": "1648", "revid": 1346163846, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1664, "year_label": "1664 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – King Charles II of England makes royal charter for territory in North America that leases to his brother, James, Duke of York, a patent for a large amount of land in what is now the northeastern United States. According to the Charter, James receives \"all that part of the mayne land of New England\" between \"New Scotland in America\" and the river of Kenebeque\", along with \"Mattowacks or Long Island\" and \"Martins Vineyard and Nantukes\", and the lands between the \"Connecticutte and Hudsons rivers\" and the lands \"from the west side of \"Connecticutte to the east side De la Warre Bay\". The lease, which includes the territory claimed by the Dutch Republic as New Netherland is for most of the U.S. state of Maine and parts of Connecticut, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372648278#January–March", "title": "1664", "revid": 1372648278, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1675, "year_label": "1675 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – John Sassamon, an English-educated Native American Christian, dies at Assawampsett Pond, an event which will trigger a year-long war between the English American colonists of New England, and the Algonquian Native American tribes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992546#January–March", "title": "1675", "revid": 1365992546, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January", "text": "January – Six months into King Philip's War, Metacomet (King Philip), leader of the Algonquian tribe known as the Wampanoag, travels westward to the Mohawk nation, seeking an alliance with the Mohawks against the English colonists of New England; his efforts in creating such an alliance are a failure.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#January–March", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 12", "text": "August 12 – King Philip (Metacomet), chief of the Wampanoags that had waged a war throughout southern New England that bore his name, is killed by an Indian named Alderman, a soldier led by Captain Benjamin Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#July–September", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 - Louis-Hector de Callière, Governor of Montreal proposes to Louis XIV to invade New England by land and sea. The attack began in 1690.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737647#Events", "title": "1688 in France", "revid": 1353737647, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – Nine Years' War: With England and the Netherlands now both ruled by William III, they join the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), thus escalating the conflict, which continues until 1697. This is also the effective beginning of King William's War, the first of four North American Wars (until 1763) between English and French colonists, both sides allied to Native American tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements, across the Canadian and New England borders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#April–June", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 12", "text": "12 May – Nine Years' War: With England and the Netherlands both now ruled by William III, they join the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), thus escalating the conflict, which continues until 1697. This is also the effective beginning of King William's War, the first of four North American Wars until 1763 between English and French colonists, both sides allied to Native American tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements across the Canadian and New England borders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737660#Events", "title": "1689 in France", "revid": 1353737660, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1691, "year_label": "1691 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 17", "text": "October 17 (October 7 O.S.) – In New England, the two separate colonies of Massachusetts Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony are united into a single entity by an act of the King and Queen of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356137934#October–December", "title": "1691", "revid": 1356137934, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The Abenaki tribe and Massachusetts colonists sign a treaty, ending the conflict in New England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#January–March", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Having begun in Europe in 1701, the War of the Spanish Succession spreads to North America (Queen Anne's War) in Acadia and New England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364923385#Events", "title": "1702 in Canada", "revid": 1364923385, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1718, "year_label": "1718 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "The white potato reaches New England from England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350255401#Date_unknown", "title": "1718", "revid": 1350255401, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1721, "year_label": "1721 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Regular mail service between London and New England is established.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367153403#Date_unknown", "title": "1721", "revid": 1367153403, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1745, "year_label": "1745 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 16", "text": "16 June 1745 - After a six-week siege, the French fort of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island falls to the British colonial forces from New England organized by Governor William Shirley. This intensifies hostilities in what is known as King George's War, an extension of the European War of the Austrian Succession. The English go on to make new conquests from the French in the West Indies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349953585#Events", "title": "1745 in Canada", "revid": 1349953585, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1746, "year_label": "1746 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 30", "text": "August 30: Duc d'Anville Expedition, led by a French aristocrat, arrives at Chebucto (now Halifax Harbour) with 13,000 men in 70 ships. His orders from the King of France: Expel the British from Nova Scotia, then burn Boston and sack New England. Disease and dissension within the command structure defeats d'Anville's force, which despite its formidable strength has no discernible effect on the course of events in North America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349953619#Events", "title": "1746 in Canada", "revid": 1349953619, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1760, "year_label": "1760 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Expulsion of the Acadians: New England planters arrive to claim land in Nova Scotia taken from the Acadians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358844484#April–June", "title": "1760", "revid": 1358844484, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1775, "year_label": "1775 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "A smallpox epidemic begins in New England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365589248#Date_unknown", "title": "1775", "revid": 1365589248, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1780, "year_label": "1780 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 19", "text": "May 19 – New England's Dark Day: An unaccountable darkness spreads over New England, regarded by some observers as a fulfillment of Bible prophecy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370564554#April–June", "title": "1780", "revid": 1370564554, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – The British announce a blockade of Long Island Sound, leaving only the New England coasts open to shipping.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368032457#October–December", "title": "1813 in the United States", "revid": 1368032457, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "December 17", "text": "December 17 – A trade embargo comes into effect, aimed at New England merchants who have been supplying the British in Canada", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368032457#October–December", "title": "1813 in the United States", "revid": 1368032457, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1860, "year_label": "1860 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 22", "text": "February 22 – The New England Shoemakers Strike of 1860 begins in Lynn, Massachusetts. The strike spreads throughout New England, and eventually involves 20,000 workers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373933383#January–March", "title": "1860 in the United States", "revid": 1373933383, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – The Boston Globe is founded in Boston, Massachusetts, as the largest newspaper of the New England region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#March", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1898, "year_label": "1898 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – A two-day blizzard known as the Portland Gale piles snow in Boston, severely impacting the Massachusetts fishing industry and several coastal New England towns.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367547011#November", "title": "1898", "revid": 1367547011, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1898, "year_label": "1898 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – A 2-day blizzard known as the Portland Gale piles snow in Boston, Massachusetts, and severely impacts the Massachusetts fishing industry and several coastal New England towns.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365817309#October–December", "title": "1898 in the United States", "revid": 1365817309, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August 29", "text": "August 29 – Hurricane Donna kills 50 people in Florida and New England, United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#August", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1978, "year_label": "1978 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5–7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area, killing about 100, and causing over US$520 million in damage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022681#February", "title": "1978", "revid": 1370022681, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August 17", "text": "August 17–20 – Hurricane Bob hits North Carolina and New England, killing 17 people and causing US$1.5 billion in damage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#August", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – March 2017 North American blizzard: A major late-season blizzard affects the Northeastern United States, New England and Canada, dumping up to three feet of snow in the hardest hit areas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#March", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › March"}}]}