{"slug": "neutral-country", "label": "Neutral country", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutral_country", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185963", "qid": "Q185963", "description": "sovereign state which officially declares itself to be neutral towards the belligerents in a war", "entries": 12, "years": 9, "span": [-199, 1955], "span_label": ["200 BCE", "1955 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 8}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}], "also_known_as": ["Country neutrality (international relations)", "Neutrality (international relations)"], "related": [{"slug": "luxembourg", "label": "Luxembourg", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "royal-navy", "label": "Royal Navy", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-states-congress", "label": "United States Congress", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "first-french-empire", "label": "First French Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "german-confederation", "label": "German Confederation", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "macedonia-ancient-kingdom", "label": "Macedonia (ancient kingdom)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pergamon", "label": "Pergamon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "attica", "label": "Attica", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "attalus-i", "label": "Attalus I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "acarnania", "label": "Acarnania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "classical-athens", "label": "Classical Athens", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aegina", "label": "Aegina", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -199, "year_label": "200 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Acarnanians, with Macedonian support, invade Attica, causing Athens, which has previously maintained its neutrality, to seek help from the enemies of Philip. Attalus I of Pergamum, who is with his fleet at Aegina, receives an embassy from Athens asking him to come to the city for consultations. After he is told that Roman ambassadors are also in Athens, Attalus goes there in haste.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360771623#Greece", "title": "200 BC", "revid": 1360771623, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": 1806, "year_label": "1806 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – The U.S. Congress passes the Non-importation Act in an attempt to coerce Great Britain to suspend its impressment of American sailors and to respect American sovereignty and neutrality on the high seas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370569641#Events", "title": "1806 in the United States", "revid": 1370569641, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1815, "year_label": "1815 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – The Final Act of the Congress of Vienna is signed: A new European political situation is set. The German Confederation and Congress Poland are created, and the neutrality of Switzerland is guaranteed. Also, Luxembourg declares independence from the French Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365587765#June", "title": "1815", "revid": 1365587765, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1815, "year_label": "1815 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 9", "text": "9 June – The Final Act of the Congress of Vienna is signed: A new European political situation is set. The German Confederation and Congress Poland are created, and the neutrality of Switzerland is guaranteed. Also, Luxembourg declares independence from the French Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360309250#Events", "title": "1815 in Germany", "revid": 1360309250, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1861, "year_label": "1861 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – American Civil War: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom issues a \"proclamation of neutrality\", which recognizes the breakaway states as having belligerent rights.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368946725#May", "title": "1861", "revid": 1368946725, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1867, "year_label": "1867 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – Treaty of London: The great powers of Europe reaffirm the neutrality of Luxembourg, ending the Luxembourg Crisis. The Duchy of Limburg is formally re-incorporated into the Kingdom of the Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365231456#May", "title": "1867", "revid": 1365231456, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – The nationalist governments of Spain and Portugal sign the Iberian Pact in Lisbon, pledging mutual defence of the Iberian Peninsula and neutrality in the event of a general European war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#March", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 16", "text": "16 February – Altmark incident: Royal Navy destroyer HMS Cossack pursues German tanker Altmark into the neutral waters of the Jøssingfjorden in southwestern Norway and frees the 290 British seamen held aboard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361728224#Events", "title": "1940 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1361728224, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – WWII: Germany invades the neutral countries of Denmark and Norway in Operation Weserübung, opening the Norwegian campaign. The British Royal Navy attempts to attack elements of the German fleet off Norway. Vidkun Quisling proclaims a new collaborationist regime in Norway. The German invasion of Denmark lasts for about six hours, before that country capitulates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#April", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress, and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#January", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 21", "text": "21 February – First flight by a Royal Air Force flying boat through the \"Donegal Corridor\", neutral Republic of Ireland airspace between its base in Northern Ireland and the Atlantic Ocean, a concession secretly agreed by Éamon de Valera.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1286174033#Events", "title": "1941 in Northern Ireland", "revid": 1286174033, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 26", "text": "October 26 – After the last Allied troops have left Austria, and following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty, the country declares its permanent neutrality.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#October", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Events › October"}}]}