{"slug": "nelson-mandela", "label": "Nelson Mandela", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8023", "qid": "Q8023", "description": "President of South Africa and anti-apartheid activist (1918–2013)", "entries": 15, "years": 9, "span": [1918, 2013], "span_label": ["1918 CE", "2013 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "african-national-congress", "label": "African National Congress", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "president-of-south-africa", "label": "President of South Africa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "south-africa", "label": "South Africa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nobel-peace-prize", "label": "Nobel Peace Prize", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cape-town", "label": "Cape Town", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "unesco", "label": "UNESCO", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "apartheid", "label": "Apartheid", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – Nelson Mandela, 1st President of South Africa and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 2013)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#July", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Births › July"}}, {"year": 1962, "year_label": "1962 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela is arrested by the South African government near Howick, and charged with incitement to rebellion. On November 7, he is sentenced to imprisonment.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373095518#August", "title": "1962", "revid": 1373095518, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Nelson Mandela makes his \"I Am Prepared to Die\" speech at the opening of the Rivonia Trial, a key event for the anti-apartheid movement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#April", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Nelson Mandela and 7 others are sentenced to life imprisonment in South Africa, and sent to the Robben Island prison.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#June", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – Apartheid: The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a statement by their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#June", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 11", "text": "February 11 – Nelson Mandela is released from Victor Verster Prison, near Cape Town, South Africa, after 27 years behind bars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#February", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 21", "text": "21 March - Namibia is officially independent. Sam Nujoma is sworn in as the first President of Namibia, in a ceremony attended by representatives of 147 countries, including 20 heads of state. Sam Nujoma was sworn in as the first President of Namibia watched by Nelson Mandela (who had been released from prison shortly beforehand) and representatives from 147 countries, including 20 heads of state.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332330753#Events", "title": "1990 in Namibia", "revid": 1332330753, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17–30 – Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting 3 Canadian and 8 U.S. cities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#June", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17–30 – Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting three Canadian and eight U.S. cities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367719170#January_to_June", "title": "1990 in Canada", "revid": 1367719170, "section": "Events › January to June"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 1", "text": "1 November – South Africa's anti-apartheid leader, Nelson Mandela began a four-day visit to Malaysia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373378089#Events", "title": "1990 in Malaysia", "revid": 1373378089, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – In South Africa, Nelson Mandela of the African National Congress and Mangosuthu Buthelezi of the Inkatha Freedom Party agree to end violence between the two organizations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#January", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – South African State President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela, African National Congress leader, are jointly awarded the Felix Houphouet-Boigny Peace Prize at the UNESCO headquarters in Paris.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#February", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – South Africa holds its first fully multiracial elections, marking the final end of the last vestiges of apartheid. Nelson Mandela wins the elections and is sworn in as the first democratically elected president the following month.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#April", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – Nelson Mandela is inaugurated as South Africa's first black president.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#May", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2013, "year_label": "2013 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – Nelson Mandela, 95, South African anti-apartheid activist and politician, President (1994–1999), lung infection.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369951401", "title": "Deaths in December 2013", "revid": 1369951401, "section": "Deaths › December"}}]}