{"slug": "long-parliament", "label": "Long Parliament", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_Parliament", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535158", "qid": "Q535158", "description": "English Parliament which lasted from 1640 until 1660", "entries": 25, "years": 11, "span": [1640, 1660], "span_label": ["1640 CE", "1660 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 14}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "charles-i-of-england", "label": "Charles I of England", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "easter", "label": "Easter", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "christmas", "label": "Christmas", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cavalier", "label": "Cavalier", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "new-model-army", "label": "New Model Army", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "book-of-common-prayer", "label": "Book of Common Prayer", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "parliament-of-england", "label": "Parliament of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "charles-ii-of-england", "label": "Charles II of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "commonwealth-of-england", "label": "Commonwealth of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "house-of-commons-of-the-united-kingdom", "label": "House of Commons of the United Kingdom", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roundhead", "label": "Roundhead", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cheshire", "label": "Cheshire", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1640, "year_label": "1640 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – The English Long Parliament is summoned; it will not be dissolved for 20 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361323300#October–December", "title": "1640", "revid": 1361323300, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1640, "year_label": "1640 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 3", "text": "3 November – the Long Parliament is summoned; it will not be dissolved for 20 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366119796#Events", "title": "1640 in England", "revid": 1366119796, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1641, "year_label": "1641 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 15", "text": "15 February – the Long Parliament passes the Triennial Act 1640 (16 Cha. 1. c. 1).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737153#Events", "title": "1641 in England", "revid": 1353737153, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1641, "year_label": "1641 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – The Long Parliament in England passes the \"Act against Dissolving Parliament without its own Consent\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343658448#April–June", "title": "1641", "revid": 1343658448, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1641, "year_label": "1641 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – In England, the Long Parliament abolishes the Court of Star Chamber.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343658448#July–September", "title": "1641", "revid": 1343658448, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1641, "year_label": "1641 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – By a vote of 159 to 148, the Long Parliament of England passes the Grand Remonstrance, with 204 specific objections to King Charles I's absolutist tendencies, and calling for the King to expel all Anglican bishops from the House of Lords.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343658448#October–December", "title": "1641", "revid": 1343658448, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1642, "year_label": "1642 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – King Charles I of England, accompanied by soldiers, arrives at a session of the Long Parliament and attempts to arrest his chief opponents, the Five Members, John Hampden, Arthur Haselrig, Denzil Holles, John Pym and William Strode, for what he regards as treason but they escape and are protected by the Lord Mayor of London. This is the last time any monarch enters the House of Commons.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350256188#January–March", "title": "1642", "revid": 1350256188, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1642, "year_label": "1642 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 4", "text": "4 January – Charles I attempts to arrest five leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. This is the last time any monarch enters the House of Commons.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737168#Events", "title": "1642 in England", "revid": 1353737168, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1642, "year_label": "1642 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – First English Civil War begins when King Charles I raises the royal battle standard over Nottingham Castle, so declaring war on his own Parliament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350256188#July–September", "title": "1642", "revid": 1350256188, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1643, "year_label": "1643 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – First English Civil War: First Battle of Middlewich – Roundheads (Parliamentarians) rout the Cavaliers (Royalist supporters of King Charles I) at Middlewich in Cheshire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340617365#January–March", "title": "1643", "revid": 1340617365, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 24", "text": "October 24 – the Long Parliament of England passes an Ordinance of no quarter to the Irish.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359486830#Events", "title": "1644 in Ireland", "revid": 1359486830, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – The Long Parliament adopts the Directory for Public Worship in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, replacing the Book of Common Prayer (1559). Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not to be observed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#January–March", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 3", "text": "3 January – the Long Parliament adopts A Directory for the Publique Worship of God throughout the Three Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Together with an Ordinance of Parliament for the taking away of the Book of Common-Prayer, and for Establishing and Observing of this Present Directory throughout the Kingdom of England and the Dominion of Wales, drawn up by a parliamentary subcommittee appointed by it, replacing the Book of Common Prayer. Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not to be observed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737198#Events", "title": "1645 in England", "revid": 1353737198, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – English Civil War – Battle of Naseby: 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#April–June", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "14 June – English Civil War: Battle of Naseby – 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737198#Events", "title": "1645 in England", "revid": 1353737198, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1647, "year_label": "1647 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June", "text": "June – the Long Parliament passes an ordinance confirming abolition of the feasts of Christmas, Easter and Whitsun, though making the second Tuesday in each month a secular holiday.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737212#Events", "title": "1647 in England", "revid": 1353737212, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1647, "year_label": "1647 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – The Puritan rulers of England's Long Parliament pass the \"Ordinance for abolishing all Holidays, and appointing other Days for Sports and Recreations for Scholars, Apprentices, and Servants, in their Room\", confirming abolition of the feasts of Christmas, Easter and Whitsun, though making the second Tuesday in each month a secular holiday. The Act declares \"Forasmuch as the Feasts of the Nativity of Christ, Easter, and Whitsuntide, and other Festivals, commonly called Holidays, have heretofore been superstitiously used and observed; be it ordained, That the said Feasts and Festivals be no loner observed within England and Wales.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358071698#April–June", "title": "1647", "revid": 1358071698, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1648, "year_label": "1648 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – By a vote of 141 to 91, England's Long Parliament passes the Vote of No Addresses, breaking off negotiations with King Charles I, and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346163846#January–March", "title": "1648", "revid": 1346163846, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1648, "year_label": "1648 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 17", "text": "17 January – the Long Parliament passes the Vote of No Addresses, breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the Second English Civil War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354833654#Events", "title": "1648 in England", "revid": 1354833654, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1648, "year_label": "1648 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 6", "text": "6 December – Pride's Purge: Troops of the New Model Army under the command of Colonel Thomas Pride (and under the orders of General Ireton) arrest or exclude Presbyterian members of the Long Parliament who are not supporters of the Army's Grandees or Independents, creating the Rump Parliament which on 13 December annuls the Treaty of Newport.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354833654#Events", "title": "1648 in England", "revid": 1354833654, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1648, "year_label": "1648 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 6", "text": "December 6 – \"Pride's Purge\" in England: Elements of the New Model Army, under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell invade London and expel a majority of the Long Parliament, resulting in the creation of the Rump Parliament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346163846#October–December", "title": "1648", "revid": 1346163846, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – The deposed King Charles I is beheaded outside the Banquet Hall in the Palace of Whitehall, London. The Commonwealth of England, with a republican form of government, replaces the monarchy as the form of government of England and members of the Long Parliament serve as government. Charles, Prince of Wales declares himself as King of England, Scotland and Ireland pending restoration of the monarchy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367892628#January–March", "title": "1649", "revid": 1367892628, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1659, "year_label": "1659 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 26", "text": "December 26 – The Long Parliament reforms occur in Westminster.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986380#October–December", "title": "1659", "revid": 1365986380, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – The Rump Parliament, under pressure from General Monck, votes to call back all of the surviving members of the group of 231 MPs who had been removed from the House of Commons in 1648 so that the Long Parliament can be reassembled long enough for a full Parliament to approve elections for a new legislative body.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986539#January–March", "title": "1660", "revid": 1365986539, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – The Long Parliament, after having been reassembled for the first time in more than 11 years, votes for its own dissolution and calls for new elections for what will become the Convention Parliament to make the return from republic to monarchy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986539#January–March", "title": "1660", "revid": 1365986539, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}