{"slug": "kangxi-emperor", "label": "Kangxi Emperor", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangxi_Emperor", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17790", "qid": "Q17790", "description": "3rd Emperor of the Qing dynasty (r. 1661–1722)", "entries": 27, "years": 21, "span": [1654, 1723], "span_label": ["1654 CE", "1723 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 6}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "qing-dynasty", "label": "Qing dynasty", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "shunzhi-emperor", "label": "Shunzhi Emperor", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "beijing", "label": "Beijing", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-catholic-church", "label": "Roman Catholic Church", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "yunnan", "label": "Yunnan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "wu-sangui", "label": "Wu Sangui", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "yongzheng-emperor", "label": "Yongzheng Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "fujian", "label": "Fujian", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "shandong", "label": "Shandong", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "guangdong", "label": "Guangdong", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "zhejiang", "label": "Zhejiang", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 4", "text": "May 4 – Kangxi Emperor of Qing China (d. 1722)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365981814#Births", "title": "1654", "revid": 1365981814, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1661, "year_label": "1661 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Shunzhi Emperor dies, probably of smallpox. The seven-year-old Kangxi Emperor ascends the throne and the Four Regents, previously nominated in Shunzhi's will, begin rule as regents.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363645417#Events", "title": "1661 in China", "revid": 1363645417, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1661, "year_label": "1661 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – The Shunzhi Emperor of the Chinese Qing Dynasty dies, and is succeeded by his 7-year-old son the Kangxi Emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986603#January–March", "title": "1661", "revid": 1365986603, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1662, "year_label": "1662 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – Chinese general Koxinga (Zheng Chenggong) captures the Dutch East India Company's settlement at Fort Zeelandia (now Tainan) on the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege, ending the company's rule on the island, then establishes the Kingdom of Tungning. In response, the Kangxi Emperor of the mainland Qing dynasty relocates all residents along the southern coast, by 50 miles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988036#January–March", "title": "1662", "revid": 1365988036, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1667, "year_label": "1667 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Russian former Qing soldier Gantimur, along with his relatives and forty elders of his tribe, went over to the Russians to seek an alliance. An immediate attempt made by the Qing authorities to secure his return by force was unsuccessful, and special envoys sent by order of the Kangxi Emperor were also unsuccessful persuading Gantimur to come back to the side of the Qing", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748858#Events", "title": "1667 in China", "revid": 1243748858, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1667, "year_label": "1667 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – In China, 14-year-old Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor, participates in an ascension ceremony to take full power to rule China, bringing an end to the domination of the \"Four Regents\" who had been ruling in his name when he had first inherited the throne at the age of 6. The move comes shortly after the August 12 death of one of the regents, Sonin, when it becomes clear that the regents were planning to expand their power in advance of Kangxi's coming of age.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989201#July–September", "title": "1667", "revid": 1365989201, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Imperial Noble Consort Quehui (1668 – 24 April 1743), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Tunggiya clan, was a consort of the Kangxi Emperor", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748907#Births", "title": "1668 in China", "revid": 1243748907, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 16", "text": "December 16 – In China, the 1661 edict of the \"Great Clearance\", the forcible evacuation of the coastal areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangnan, and Shandong in order to fight a rebellion, is rescinded by the Kangxi Emperor after lobbying by Zhou Youde, the Viceroy of Liangguang.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989896#October_–December", "title": "1668", "revid": 1365989896, "section": "Events › October –December"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Chinese Kangxi Emperor allows coastal residents deported in the Great Clearance of 1662 to return home.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#Date_unknown", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In 1669, Lanbu (1642–1679), the third holder of the Prince Jingjin title, was demoted by the Kangxi Emperor from a qinwang (first-rank prince) to a feng'en zhenguo gong", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363645639#Events", "title": "1669 in China", "revid": 1363645639, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – the Kangxi Emperor of China grants titles and ranks to all of his wives, and names Empress Xiaozhaoren as his consort.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#July–September", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Revolt of the Three Feudatories in southern China: rebel general Wu Sangui, lord of the Yunnan fief, takes the imperial crown, names himself monarch of \"The Great Zhou\", based in the Hunan province, with Hengyang as his capital. He contracts dysentery over the summer and dies on October 2, ending the rebellion against the Kangxi Emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368552109#January–March", "title": "1678", "revid": 1368552109, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1681, "year_label": "1681 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – Wu Shifan, grandson of Chinese general Wu Sangui, commits suicide at Kunming in Yunnan province, ending the 8-year Revolt of the Three Feudatories against the Kangxi Emperor and the Qing dynasty in China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361310073#October–December", "title": "1681", "revid": 1361310073, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Kangxi Emperor lifts the haijin prohibition on sea trade, allowing foreigners to enter Chinese ports in 1684", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748985#Events", "title": "1684 in China", "revid": 1243748985, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Chinese army of the Qing dynasty attacks a Russian post at Albazin, during the reigns of the Kangxi Emperor and the dual Russian rulers Ivan V and Peter I. The event leads to the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369485499#Date_unknown", "title": "1685", "revid": 1369485499, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Wei Yijie (Chinese: 魏裔介; August 19, 1616 – April 27, 1686) was a prominent Han Chinese scholar and official serving in the early Qing Dynasty, during the rules of the Shunzhi Emperor, Oboi, and the Kangxi Emperor and was known for his focus and advocacy of the reformation the Examination system.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243748998#Deaths", "title": "1686 in China", "revid": 1243748998, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7 – Six French Jesuit scientists, Joachim Bouvet, Jean-François Gerbillon, Louis-Daniel Lecomte, Guy Tachard, Claude de Visdelou and the leader, Jean de Fontaney, arrive in Beijing and are welcomed by the Emperor of China, Kangxi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#January–March", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – Gravely ill, the Empress Xiaoyiren is proclaimed empress by her husband, China's Kangxi Emperor, after having been Imperial Noble Consort since 1682. She dies the next day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#July–September", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Kangxi Emperor recognized Roman Catholic Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360089724#Events", "title": "1692 in China", "revid": 1360089724, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – The Kangxi Emperor of the Qing dynasty issues the Edict of Toleration, recognizing all the members of the Roman Catholic Church, not just the Jesuits, and legalizing missions and their conversion of Chinese people to the Christian Faith.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#January–March", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1696, "year_label": "1696 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – China's Kangxi Emperor leads troops in the Battle of Jao Modo, about 37 mi from the modern Mongolian capital, Ulan Bator, and defeats 5,000 Mongolian troops of the Dzungar Khanate under the command of Galdan Boshugtu Khan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361123555#April–June", "title": "1696", "revid": 1361123555, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – As Chinese troops from the Manchu Dynasty (ruled by the Kangxi Emperor) complete their conquest of Mongolia, Galdan Boshugtu Khan, ruler of the last part of Mongolia to be conquered, the Dzungar Khanate, poisons himself, ending the resistance to conquest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355431044#April–June", "title": "1697", "revid": 1355431044, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1706, "year_label": "1706 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – Flemish Jesuit missionary François Noël is welcomed in China by the Kangxi Emperor at the Forbidden City in Beijing, and discusses the Emperor's disdain over the disapproval of Jesuit accommodation of Confucian rites by the Roman Catholic Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351890964#April–June", "title": "1706", "revid": 1351890964, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1720, "year_label": "1720 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Kangxi Emperor announces that all western businessmen in China can trade only in Guangzhou.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358044251#Date_unknown", "title": "1720", "revid": 1358044251, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1722, "year_label": "1722 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – After the longest reign by a Chinese Emperor in history (61 years), the Kangxi Emperor dies, and is succeeded by his son Yinzhen as Yongzheng Emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128046#October–December", "title": "1722", "revid": 1365128046, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1722, "year_label": "1722 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Kangxi Emperor of China (b. 1654)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128046#Deaths", "title": "1722", "revid": 1365128046, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1723, "year_label": "1723 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – The Kangxi Era ends in Qing dynasty China, and the Yongzheng Era begins, with the coronation of Yinzhen, the Yongzheng Emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350255771#January–March", "title": "1723", "revid": 1350255771, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}