{"slug": "john-churchill-1st-duke-of-marlborough", "label": "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Churchill%2C_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153803", "qid": "Q153803", "description": "English soldier and statesman (1650-1722)", "entries": 31, "years": 15, "span": [1650, 1724], "span_label": ["1650 CE", "1724 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 22}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Duke of Marlborough", "John Churchill"], "related": [{"slug": "war-of-the-spanish-succession", "label": "War of the Spanish Succession", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "prince-eugene-of-savoy", "label": "Prince Eugene of Savoy", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "bavaria", "label": "Bavaria", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "spanish-netherlands", "label": "Spanish Netherlands", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "netherlands", "label": "Netherlands", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "westminster-abbey", "label": "Westminster Abbey", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cologne", "label": "Cologne", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bonn", "label": "Bonn", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "james-ii-of-england", "label": "James II of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "william-iii-of-england", "label": "William III of England", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 26", "text": "May 26 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general (d. 1722)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#Births", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1682, "year_label": "1682 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 6", "text": "6 May – while on passage from Portsmouth to Scotland, HMS Gloucester runs aground on a sandbank off the Norfolk coast and sinks. The Duke of York (the future King James II) and John Churchill (the future 1st Duke of Marlborough) are among those saved but at least 120 drown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367642347#Events", "title": "1682 in England", "revid": 1367642347, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – English Army General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, a close adviser to King William III of England, is fired from all of his jobs by the English Secretary of State, the Earl of Nottingham, on orders of Queen Mary II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#January–March", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "5 May – Queen Mary orders the imprisonment of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough for alleged treasonous support of the Jacobites.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737702#Events", "title": "1692 in England", "revid": 1353737702, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough is reinstated in the English Army, with readmission to the Privy Council by King William III. On July 26, he is selected as one of the Lords Justice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#April–June", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 2", "text": "June 2 – English General John Churchill, later the Duke of Marlborough, takes command of the alliance of English, Dutch and German troops in the War of the Spanish Succession.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#April–June", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 25", "text": "September 25 – General John Churchill forces the surrender of Venlo on the Meuse River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#July–September", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – John Churchill is created duke of Marlborough.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#October–December", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1703, "year_label": "1703 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 18", "text": "18 May – War of the Spanish Succession: The Duke of Marlborough captures the cities of Cologne, Bonn, Limbourg, Huy and Guelders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737862#Events", "title": "1703 in England", "revid": 1353737862, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 2", "text": "2 August (13 August NS) – War of the Spanish Succession: At the Battle of Blenheim, an allied army under John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy including English troops defeats the Franco-Bavarian army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737872#Events", "title": "1704 in England", "revid": 1353737872, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 (August 2 OS) – War of the Spanish Succession – Battle of Blenheim: Allied troops under John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy defeat the Franco-Bavarian army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358992532#July–September", "title": "1704", "revid": 1358992532, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 13", "text": "13 August – War of the Spanish Succession – Battle of Blenheim: Allied troops under John Churchill, the Earl of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy defeat the Franco-Bavarian army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737878#Events", "title": "1704 in France", "revid": 1353737878, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1705, "year_label": "1705 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Construction begins on Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire designed by John Vanbrugh for the Duke of Marlborough and partly funded by the Crown. It is completed in 1724.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355353320#Date_unknown", "title": "1705", "revid": 1355353320, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1705, "year_label": "1705 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – War of the Spanish Succession: The Battle of Elixheim is fought near the city of Tienen (in modern-day Belgium). A troop of soldiers under the command of England's Duke of Marlborough kills 3,000 French troops under the command of the Duc de Valleroy and forces the retreat of the others, breaking the \"Lines of Brabant\". Because his soldiers have marched all night and then fought the battle over a full day, Marlborough is unable to send them in pursuit of Villeroy's troops.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355353320#July–September", "title": "1705", "revid": 1355353320, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1705, "year_label": "1705 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 18", "text": "18 July – War of the Spanish Succession: At the Battle of Elixheim, fought near the city of Namur (in modern-day Belgium) is fought, as an exhausted group of soldiers under the command of England's Duke of Marlborough kills 3,000 French troops under the command of the Duc de Valleroy, and forces the retreat of the others, breaking the \"Lines of Brabant\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737894#Events", "title": "1705 in France", "revid": 1353737894, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1706, "year_label": "1706 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 23", "text": "May 23 – War of the Spanish Succession – Battle of Ramillies: English, Dutch, German, Swiss and Scottish troops led by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, defeat Franco-Bavarian forces in the Low Countries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351890964#April–June", "title": "1706", "revid": 1351890964, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1706, "year_label": "1706 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 23", "text": "23 May – War of the Spanish Succession: English troops led by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough together with Dutch and German troops defeat the French at the Battle of Ramillies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737903#Events", "title": "1706 in England", "revid": 1353737903, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1708, "year_label": "1708 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Oudenarde – Allied forces under the command of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, defeat the French in the Spanish Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360122845#July–December", "title": "1708", "revid": 1360122845, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1708, "year_label": "1708 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 11", "text": "11 July – War of the Spanish Succession: allied victory under the commander John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough against the French at the Battle of Oudenarde in the Spanish Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360123116#Events", "title": "1708 in Great Britain", "revid": 1360123116, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – War of the Spanish Succession: Tournai is captured by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#July–December", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1711, "year_label": "1711 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 9", "text": "August 9 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough with an army of 30,000 besieges Bouchain in the War of the Spanish Succession. The siege lasts 34 days and results in the last major victory for Churchill.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364260988#July–September", "title": "1711", "revid": 1364260988, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1711, "year_label": "1711 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 9", "text": "9 August–12 September – Siege of Bouchain (War of the Spanish Succession): the Duke of Marlborough breaks through the French lines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737980#Events", "title": "1711 in France", "revid": 1353737980, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1711, "year_label": "1711 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 12", "text": "12 September – Siege of Bouchain in the War of the Spanish Succession concludes with the last major victory for John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275835709#Events", "title": "1711 in Great Britain", "revid": 1275835709, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1711, "year_label": "1711 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 31", "text": "31 December – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough is replaced by James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde as the Commander-in-Chief of the Forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275835709#Events", "title": "1711 in Great Britain", "revid": 1275835709, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1716, "year_label": "1716 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 28", "text": "28 May – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, suffers a paralytic stroke. He recovers and remains Captain General of the army, but his duties are increasingly taken over by subordinates", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360127758#Events", "title": "1716 in Great Britain", "revid": 1360127758, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1716, "year_label": "1716 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "May 28", "text": "May 28 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, suffers a paralytic stroke.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360559357#April–June", "title": "1716", "revid": 1360559357, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1722, "year_label": "1722 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general (b. 1650)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128046#Deaths", "title": "1722", "revid": 1365128046, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1722, "year_label": "1722 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 16", "text": "16 June – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, general (born 1650)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363704574#Deaths", "title": "1722 in Great Britain", "revid": 1363704574, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1722, "year_label": "1722 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 9", "text": "9 August – State funeral of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, takes place in London, where he is initially buried in the Henry VII Chapel of Westminster Abbey.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363704574#Events", "title": "1722 in Great Britain", "revid": 1363704574, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1724, "year_label": "1724 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Blenheim Palace construction is completed in England. It is presented as a gift from the nation to the Duke of Marlborough, for his involvement in the Battle of Blenheim in 1704.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372325153#Date_unknown", "title": "1724", "revid": 1372325153, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1724, "year_label": "1724 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Undated – Blenheim Palace construction is completed. It has been built as a gift from the nation to the Duke of Marlborough (died 1722) for his involvement in the Battle of Blenheim in 1704.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320245370#Events", "title": "1724 in Great Britain", "revid": 1320245370, "section": "Events"}}]}