{"slug": "johannesburg", "label": "Johannesburg", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannesburg", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34647", "qid": "Q34647", "description": "largest city in South Africa", "entries": 24, "years": 21, "span": [1886, 2002], "span_label": ["1886 CE", "2002 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 3}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 3}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "cape-town", "label": "Cape Town", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "south-african-republic", "label": "South African Republic", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "african-national-congress", "label": "African National Congress", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-nations", "label": "United Nations", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "durban", "label": "Durban", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "south-africa", "label": "South Africa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-south-africa", "label": "Prime Minister of South Africa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "zimbabwe", "label": "Zimbabwe", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1886, "year_label": "1886 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September", "text": "The main gold reef on the Witwatersrand is discovered, giving birth to Ferreira's Camp, later to be named Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1269184685", "title": "1886 in South Africa", "revid": 1269184685, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – The first railway in Transvaal, the Randtram, opens between Boksburg and Braamfontein in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#March", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – The first railway line in the Transvaal, known as the Randtram, is opened for service between Boksburg and Braamfontein in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322705965", "title": "1890 in South Africa", "revid": 1322705965, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1896, "year_label": "1896 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Braamfontein Explosion: A train carrying 56 tons of dynamite explodes at Braamfontein, Johannesburg, killing more than 78 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364785538#February", "title": "1896", "revid": 1364785538, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1896, "year_label": "1896 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – A train carrying 56 tons of dynamite explodes at Braamfontein, Johannesburg, killing more than 78 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1271214977", "title": "1896 in South Africa", "revid": 1271214977, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1896, "year_label": "1896 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December", "text": "South Africa's first school of mines is opened in Kimberley. It will later form the core of the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1271214977", "title": "1896 in South Africa", "revid": 1271214977, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Standard Bank opens its second branch in Johannesburg on Eloff Street.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1315450918", "title": "1901 in South Africa", "revid": 1315450918, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1904, "year_label": "1904 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "February", "text": "Pneumonic plague breaks out in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360989048#February", "title": "1904 in South Africa", "revid": 1360989048, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September", "text": "The International Socialist League of South Africa is established in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1269184931", "title": "1915 in South Africa", "revid": 1269184931, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September", "text": "The Industrial Workers of Africa, South Africa's first predominantly black trade union, is established in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1269184944", "title": "1917 in South Africa", "revid": 1269184944, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – Ellis Park Stadium, a well-known sport venue of South Africa, officially opens in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#June", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1937, "year_label": "1937 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – The Empire Exhibition, South Africa closes in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297727165", "title": "1937 in South Africa", "revid": 1297727165, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1938, "year_label": "1938 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – The South African Press Association is established, with offices in Cape Town, Johannesburg, Durban, Bloemfontein and Pretoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818751#July", "title": "1938", "revid": 1368818751, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – South African Airways inaugurates daily services between Johannesburg and Bulawayo and between Johannesburg and Cape Town.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360079519", "title": "1950 in South Africa", "revid": 1360079519, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 3", "text": "May 3 – The first regular jet flight between South Africa and Britain is started with the arrival of a De Havilland Comet with 36 passengers at Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374055688", "title": "1952 in South Africa", "revid": 1374055688, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March", "text": "4-5 – The Inaugural Conference of the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU) is held at the Trades Hall in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1284575397", "title": "1955 in South Africa", "revid": 1284575397, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – White gunman David Pratt shoots South African Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd in Johannesburg, wounding him seriously.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#April", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1962, "year_label": "1962 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October", "text": "Lillian Ngoyi is banned for 10 years, confining her to Orlando Township in Johannesburg and forbidding her to attend any gatherings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1324820468", "title": "1962 in South Africa", "revid": 1324820468, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – South Africa: police raid Liliesleaf Farm to the north of Johannesburg, arresting a group of African National Congress leaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#July", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November", "text": "Lillian Ngoyi's ban, confining her to Orlando Township in Johannesburg and forbidding her to attend any gatherings, is renewed for five years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321019054", "title": "1975 in South Africa", "revid": 1321019054, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – Zimbabwe breaks diplomatic and consular relations with South Africa, even though it maintains a commercial mission in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#September", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – An explosion rocks the building housing the gold mining companies of Anglo American and Anglovaal in Johannesburg and causes R170,000 in structural damage. Both companies are engaged in mass dismissals of mine workers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1269185763", "title": "1985 in South Africa", "revid": 1269185763, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 28", "text": "March 28 – Shell House massacre: Inkatha Freedom Party and ANC supporters battle in central Johannesburg, South Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#March", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26–September 4 – Earth Summit 2002 takes places in Johannesburg, South Africa, aimed at discussing sustainable development by the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#August", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › August"}}]}