{"slug": "james-vi-and-i", "label": "James VI and I", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_VI_and_I", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79972", "qid": "Q79972", "description": "King of Scotland from 1566 to 1625, King of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625", "entries": 78, "years": 35, "span": [1544, 1672], "span_label": ["1544 CE", "1672 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 22}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 16}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 12}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 7}, {"title": "Births", "count": 4}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 4}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["James I of England", "King James VI", "King James VI of Scotland"], "related": [{"slug": "anne-of-denmark", "label": "Anne of Denmark", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "ben-jonson", "label": "Ben Jonson", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "scotland", "label": "Scotland", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "charles-i-of-england", "label": "Charles I of England", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "elizabeth-i", "label": "Elizabeth I", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "presbyterianism", "label": "Presbyterianism", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "christian-iv-of-denmark", "label": "Christian IV of Denmark", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "england", "label": "England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "palace-of-westminster", "label": "Palace of Westminster", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 1544, "year_label": "1544 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 15", "text": "15 August – Peter Young (tutor), tutor to James VI and I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736494#Births", "title": "1544 in Scotland", "revid": 1353736494, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1566, "year_label": "1566 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 19", "text": "19 June – Mary gives birth to her son James at Edinburgh Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373687558#Events", "title": "1566 in Scotland", "revid": 1373687558, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1566, "year_label": "1566 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 19", "text": "June 19 – King James VI of Scotland/James I of England and Ireland (d. 1625)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365562466#Births", "title": "1566", "revid": 1365562466, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1566, "year_label": "1566 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 19", "text": "19 June – James VI and I, King of Scotland from 1567 and King of England and Ireland from 1603 (died 1625 in England)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373687558#Births", "title": "1566 in Scotland", "revid": 1373687558, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1567, "year_label": "1567 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicate, and replaced by her one-year-old son James VI.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362147494#July–September", "title": "1567", "revid": 1362147494, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1567, "year_label": "1567 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 24", "text": "24 July – Abdication of Mary, Queen of Scots (at Lochleven Castle), in favour of her 1-year-old son James VI.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736671#Events", "title": "1567 in Scotland", "revid": 1353736671, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1567, "year_label": "1567 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – The Scottish Parliament votes to approve the Act Anent the demission of the Crown in favour of our Sovereign Lord, and his Majesty's Coronation 1567, an act regarding the abdication of Mary Queen of Scots in favor of her son James VI and the coronation of James, and confirms James as the legal ruler. Mary's half brother, James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, is appointed as the regent to rule on behalf of the 18-month-old King of Scotland. In that Moray is absent from Scotland at the time, the Parliament appoints a committee of seven deputy regents to rule on behalf of Moray's power to rule on behalf of King James.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362147494#October–December", "title": "1567", "revid": 1362147494, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1571, "year_label": "1571 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 2", "text": "April 2 – Dumbarton Castle is recaptured from Lord Fleming by the forces of Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, the Regent for King James VI of Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369367955#April–June", "title": "1571", "revid": 1369367955, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1571, "year_label": "1571 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – John Erskine, Earl of Mar is selected by the Scottish royal family to be the new Regent of Scotland to rule on behalf of the 5-year-old King James VI. The Earl of Mar replaces Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, the King's grandfather, who was assassinated the day before by supporters of his daughter-in-law the imprisoned Mary, Queen of Scots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369367955#July–September", "title": "1571", "revid": 1369367955, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1574, "year_label": "1574 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – Anne of Denmark, queen of James VI and I of Scotland and England (d. 1619)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368294863#Births", "title": "1574", "revid": 1368294863, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1579, "year_label": "1579 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "11-year old James VI declares the end of his minority and assumes personal rule.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362253012#Events", "title": "1579 in Scotland", "revid": 1362253012, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1579, "year_label": "1579 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 19", "text": "October 19 – King James VI of Scotland makes his ceremonial entry into Edinburgh to assume the throne at the age of 13, after being declared to have reached the age of majority. Scotland had been ruled by regents since 1567, when James was declared king.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362792771#October–December", "title": "1579", "revid": 1362792771, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1582, "year_label": "1582 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – King James VI of Scotland signs a charter creating the Tounis College, which becomes the University of Edinburgh.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373325265#April–June", "title": "1582", "revid": 1373325265, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1582, "year_label": "1582 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – Raid of Ruthven in Scotland: Presbyterian nobles led by William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie kidnap King James VI of Scotland, the kingdom's 16-year-old ruler, while he is hunting in Perthshire. The Earl of Gowrie imprisons the King at Ruthven Castle as part of a coup d'etat to reform the Scottish government.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373325265#July–September", "title": "1582", "revid": 1373325265, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1583, "year_label": "1583 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June", "text": "June – James VI regains his freedom following the Raid of Ruthven.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736792#Events", "title": "1583 in Scotland", "revid": 1353736792, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1583, "year_label": "1583 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 – Ten months after being taken hostage on August 23, 1582 in the Raid of Ruthven, the 17-year-old King James VI of Scotland is able to escape Falkland Prison and flees to safety in St. Andrews.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363312090#April–June", "title": "1583", "revid": 1363312090, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – King James VI of Scotland, the future James I of England, contracts a proxy marriage with the 14-year-old Anne of Denmark at Kronborg. The formal ceremony takes place on November 23 at the Old Bishop's Palace in Oslo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359971295#July–September", "title": "1589", "revid": 1359971295, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 20", "text": "20 August – Anne of Denmark marries James VI by proxy at Kronborg Castle. James's proxy George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal made speeches and gave her a jewel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362253075#Events", "title": "1589 in Scotland", "revid": 1362253075, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 23", "text": "23 November – James VI and Anne of Denmark marry formally at the Old Bishop's Palace in Oslo", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362253075#Events", "title": "1589 in Scotland", "revid": 1362253075, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1590, "year_label": "1590 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 1", "text": "1 May – King James VI and Anne of Denmark arrive at Leith.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362253087#Events", "title": "1590 in Scotland", "revid": 1362253087, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1591, "year_label": "1591 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Burgh of Cockenzie created by James VI", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356247482#Events", "title": "1591 in Scotland", "revid": 1356247482, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1591, "year_label": "1591 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – Francis Stewart, Earl of Bothwell leads the attack on the Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh. Having been alerted by a premature attack on the palace's prison, King James VI of Scotland and Queen Anne are able to take refuge within the castle, and the raid fails. Seven of Bothwell's men are subsequently captured and hanged.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358075583#October–December", "title": "1591", "revid": 1358075583, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1592, "year_label": "1592 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June", "text": "June – James VI enacts the \"Golden Act\" recognising the power of Presbyterianism within the Scottish church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362253111#Events", "title": "1592 in Scotland", "revid": 1362253111, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1594, "year_label": "1594 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 3", "text": "October 3 – The Battle of Glenlivet in Scotland: The Protestant forces loyal to King James VI, assisted by the armies of 8 clans and led by the Earl of Argyll, oppose Roman Catholic rebels supported by Clan Gordon (led by the Earl of Huntley), Clan Hay (led by the Earl of Errol), Clan Comyn and Clan Cameron. Despite being outnumbered 5 to 1, the Catholic clans win the battle, killing 500 of the Protestant forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1319812312#October–December", "title": "1594", "revid": 1319812312, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1599, "year_label": "1599 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 17", "text": "17 December – King James VI, via an act of his Privy Council, decided that Scotland should come into line with other \"well governit commonwealths\" and adopts 1 January as New Year’s Day. Prior to this 25 March was New Year’s Day. Thus the year 1599 commenced on 25 March 1599 and ended on 31 December 1599 - it was only 9 months long. The next date, in Scotland, was 1 January 1600. This left Scotland at odds with England, where the new year continued to be dated from 25 March. As a consequence 1 January 1600 in Scotland was 1 January 1599 in England. It is sometimes, mistakenly, said that Scotland adopted the Gregorian Calendar at this time. Whilst starting the new year on 1 January was one component of Gregorian reforms, Scotland did not adopt the two more fundamental changes in relation to (1) the computation for leap years and (2) the realignment of the calendar with the solar year, which necessitated the omission of ten days from the existing calendar. Scotland, along with England and Wales, adopted the Gregorian Calendar in 1752 under the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 by which time the omission of eleven days from the older calendar was required.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365942284#Events", "title": "1599 in Scotland", "revid": 1365942284, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – The brothers Alexander Ruthven and John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie, are killed during a failed attempt to kidnap or murder King James VI of Scotland at their home.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360196741#July–September", "title": "1600", "revid": 1360196741, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1600, "year_label": "1600 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 5", "text": "5 August – the Gowrie House affair, a plot to kidnap James VI in Perth, in which Robert Logan of Restalrig is implicated, devised by John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie (who dies in the attempt, together with his brother Alexander Ruthven)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362255739#Events", "title": "1600 in Scotland", "revid": 1362255739, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 24", "text": "March 24 – James VI of Scotland becomes King James I of England and Ireland upon the death of Elizabeth I in England (but the news is withheld from the Irish leaders in treaty negotiations).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1293510448#Events", "title": "1603 in Ireland", "revid": 1293510448, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 24", "text": "March 24 – Queen Elizabeth I of England dies at Richmond Palace (having ruled since 1558). She is succeeded by her first cousin twice removed, King James VI of Scotland (where he has ruled since 1567), uniting the crowns of Scotland and England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656830#January–March", "title": "1603", "revid": 1366656830, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Sir Walter Raleigh goes on trial for treason, in the converted Great Hall of Winchester Castle. He is found guilty, but his life is spared by King James I at this time, and he is returned to imprisonment in the Tower of London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656830#October–December", "title": "1603", "revid": 1366656830, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1604, "year_label": "1604 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – The Hampton Court Conference is held between James I of England, the Anglican bishops and representatives of the Puritans. Work begins on the Authorized King James Version of the Bible and revision of the Book of Common Prayer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348862771#January–March", "title": "1604", "revid": 1348862771, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1604, "year_label": "1604 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – King James of England denounces the Roman Catholic Church after learning from one of his spies, Sir Anthony Standen, that Queen Anne has been sent a rosary from the Pope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348862771#January–March", "title": "1604", "revid": 1348862771, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1604, "year_label": "1604 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – More than seven months after their July 25, 1603 coronation, King James I and Anne, Queen consort make the traditional Royal Entry to London. The ceremonies have been postponed from 1603 because of the ongoing plague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348862771#January–March", "title": "1604", "revid": 1348862771, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1605, "year_label": "1605 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – Shakespeare's play Henry V, copyrighted 1600, is given its earliest recorded performance, presented by the Lord Chamberlain's Men for King James I of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362477436#January–March", "title": "1605", "revid": 1362477436, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1605, "year_label": "1605 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November", "text": "November – Scottish adventurer James Hamilton is granted the lordship of Upper (South) Clandeboye and the Great Ardes in the north of County Down by King James VI and I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292453958#Events", "title": "1605 in Ireland", "revid": 1292453958, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1605, "year_label": "1605 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 (O.S.) – The Gunpowder Plot, a scheme to bomb England's Palace of Westminster during the opening of Parliament, is foiled after Sir Thomas Knyvet is tipped off, and finds Catholic plotter Guy Fawkes in a cellar below the Parliament building. Knyvet orders a search of the area and 36 barrels of gunpowder are found. Fawkes is arrested for trying to assassinate King James I and the members who had been scheduled to sit together in Parliament the next day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362477436#October–December", "title": "1605", "revid": 1362477436, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1606, "year_label": "1606 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators, for plotting against Parliament and James I of England, begins in London. They are hanged, drawn and quartered on January 30–31.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561009#January–March", "title": "1606", "revid": 1369561009, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1606, "year_label": "1606 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Charter of 1606: The First Charter of Virginia is adopted, by which King James I of England grants rights to the Virginia Company (comprising the London Company and Plymouth Company) to settle parts of the east coast of North America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561009#April–June", "title": "1606", "revid": 1369561009, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1606, "year_label": "1606 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – King Christian IV of Denmark, as the guest of his brother-in-law, King James of England, Scotland and Ireland, is welcomed at London, and the two monarchs are driven by coaches to a banquet at Theobalds House at Cheshunt, Hertfordshire. They are entertained by playwright Ben Jonson's play, The Entertainment of the Kings of Great Britain and Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561009#July–September", "title": "1606", "revid": 1369561009, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Old Bushmills Distillery is first licensed to distil whiskey at Bushmills, County Antrim, Ireland by King James I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352783723#April–June", "title": "1608", "revid": 1352783723, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1608, "year_label": "1608 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Old Bushmills Distillery is first licensed to distil whiskey at Bushmills, County Antrim, by King James I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247388403#Events", "title": "1608 in Ireland", "revid": 1247388403, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Protestant English and Presbyterian Scots settlers are imported directly by undertakers with the sanction of King James VI and I taking over forfeited estates of rebel leaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247388411#Events", "title": "1609 in Ireland", "revid": 1247388411, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "James I issues letters patent granting the Church of St. Colman in Dromore the title and status of The Cathedral Church of Christ the Redeemer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247388411#Events", "title": "1609 in Ireland", "revid": 1247388411, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1612, "year_label": "1612 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 10", "text": "10 April – a royal charter of King James VI and I creates the City and County of Londonderry, and The Honourable The Irish Society to run the new plantation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1307824941#Events", "title": "1612 in Ireland", "revid": 1307824941, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King James I commissions George Calvert, Sir Humphrey Wynch, Sir Charles Cornwallis and Sir Roger Wilbraham to investigate Catholic grievances in Ireland. They report that conformity should be enforced more strictly, Catholic schools be suppressed, and bad priests removed and punished.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1319431368#Events", "title": "1613 in Ireland", "revid": 1319431368, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – King James I of England successfully mediates the Treaty of Knäred between Denmark and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#January–March", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – Elizabeth, daughter of King James I of England, marries Elector Frederick V of the Palatinate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#January–March", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 (February 4 O.S.) – King James I of England issues his proclamation Against Private Challenges and Combats in an effort to end duels.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372816433#January–March", "title": "1614", "revid": 1372816433, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1614, "year_label": "1614 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 2", "text": "April 2 – James I rebukes a deputation from the Catholic opposition in the Parliament of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247388215#Events", "title": "1614 in Ireland", "revid": 1247388215, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1615, "year_label": "1615 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – John Ogilvie, a Jesuit priest, is hanged and drawn at Glasgow Cross in Scotland for refusing to pledge allegiance to King James VI of Scotland; he will be canonised in 1976, becoming the only post-Reformation Scottish saint.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365922608#January–March", "title": "1615", "revid": 1365922608, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1615, "year_label": "1615 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 24", "text": "24 October – James I's Parliament of Ireland is dissolved (its third session having been held 18 April–16 May).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247388225#Events", "title": "1615 in Ireland", "revid": 1247388225, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Moralist writer John Deacon publishes a quarto entitled Tobacco Tortured in the Filthy Fumes of Tobacco Refined (supporting the views of James I of England). Deacon writes the same year that syphilis is a \"Turkished\", \"Spanished\", or \"Frenchized\" disease that the English contract by \"trafficking with the contagious courruptions.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#Date_unknown", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – King James I of England attends the masque The Golden Age Restored, a satire by Ben Jonson on fallen court favorite the Earl of Somerset. The king asks for a repeat performance on January 6.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#January–February", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – In the court of James I of England, the king's favorite George Villiers becomes Master of the Horse (encouraging development of the thoroughbred horse); on April 24 he receives the Order of the Garter; and on August 27 he is created Viscount Villiers and Baron Waddon, receiving a grant of land valued at £80,000. In 1617, he will be made Earl of Buckingham. After the Earl of Pembroke, he is the second richest nobleman in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#January–February", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – James I of England grants Ben Jonson an annual pension of 100 marks, making him de facto poet laureate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#January–February", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 25", "text": "May 25 – King James I of England's former favourite, the Earl of Somerset, and his wife Frances, are convicted of the murder of Thomas Overbury in 1613. They are spared death, and are sentenced to imprisonment in the Tower of London (until 1622). Although the King has ordered the investigation of the poet's murder and allowed his former court favorite to be arrested and tried, his court, now under the influence of George Villiers, gains the reputation of being corrupt and vile. The sale of peerages (beginning in July) and the royal visit of James's brother-in-law, Christian IV of Denmark, a notorious drunkard, add further scandal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#May–June", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – Prince Charles (15-year-old surviving son of James I of England and Anne of Denmark) is invested as Prince of Wales at Whitehall in London, the last such formal investiture until 1911.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – Bishop Lancelot Andrewes preaches the annual Gunpowder Treason sermon before King James I of England at Whitehall, both having been intended victims of the plot.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – Captain William Murray is granted a royal patent, giving him the sole privilege of importing tobacco to Scotland for a period of 21 years. Continuing from the reign of Elizabeth I, the creation of grants and patents reaches a new highwater mark from 1614 to 1621, during the reign of James I of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – Marco Antonio de Dominis, Roman Catholic Archbishop of the See of Spalato and Primate of Dalmatia, having run afoul of Pope Paul V over secular matters relating to Venice, submits to King James I of England and later becomes Dean of Windsor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Captain Nathaniel Courthope reaches the nutmeg-rich island of Run in the Moluccas, to defend it against the Dutch East India Company. A contract with the inhabitants, accepting James I of England as their sovereign, makes it part of the English colonial empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – \"Father Christmas\" is a main character of Christmas, His Masque, written by Ben Jonson and presented at the court of King James I of England. Father Christmas is considered a papist symbol by Puritans, and later banished from England until the English Restoration. The traditional, comical costume for this jolly figure, as well as regional names, indicate that he is descended from the presenter of the medieval Feast of Fools.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1617, "year_label": "1617 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – Pocahontas and Tomocomo of the Powhatan Algonquian tribe, in the Virginia colony of America, meet King James I of England as his guests, at the Banqueting House at Whitehall.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367152520#January–March", "title": "1617", "revid": 1367152520, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1617, "year_label": "1617 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – King James I of England is escorted by the Earl of Home across the border to return to Scotland (where he reigns as King James VI) for the first time since the Union of the Crowns 14 years earlier in 1603. He is given lodging at Home's Dunglass Castle, East Lothian.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367152520#April–June", "title": "1617", "revid": 1367152520, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1617, "year_label": "1617 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 8", "text": "August 8 – King James of England and Scotland returns to England after having spent three months in Scotland, arriving at Wharton, Cumbria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367152520#July–September", "title": "1617", "revid": 1367152520, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1618, "year_label": "1618 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – English adventurer, writer and courtier Sir Walter Raleigh is beheaded at the Palace of Westminster, for allegedly conspiring treasonably against James I of England in 1603, following pressure from the Spanish government, over his attack on their settlement on the Orinoco, on his last (1617–18) voyage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365216026#October–December", "title": "1618", "revid": 1365216026, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1619, "year_label": "1619 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 12", "text": "January 12 – James I of England's Banqueting House, Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire. Inigo Jones is commissioned to design a replacement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369562130#January–_March", "title": "1619", "revid": 1369562130, "section": "Events › January– March"}}, {"year": 1619, "year_label": "1619 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – Anne of Denmark, Queen of James I of England (b. 1574)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369562130#January–March", "title": "1619", "revid": 1369562130, "section": "Deaths › January–March"}}, {"year": 1620, "year_label": "1620 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Bangor, County Down, is granted the status of a port by King James I of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1255078936#Events", "title": "1620 in Ireland", "revid": 1255078936, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1620, "year_label": "1620 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – Ben Jonson's play News from the New World Discovered in the Moon is given its first performance, a presentation to King James VI and I. In addition to dialogue about actual observations made by telescope of the Moon, the play includes a fanciful discussion of a lunar civilisation, featuring a dance by the \"Volatees\", the lunar race.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363705489#January–March", "title": "1620", "revid": 1363705489, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1621, "year_label": "1621 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King James I of England claims royal inheritance of the whole of Upper Ossory in County Laois including the manor of Offerlane from the de Clare family at an inquisition held at Portlaoise. The king institutes a plantation of the area in 1626.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323613310#Events", "title": "1621 in Ireland", "revid": 1323613310, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 8", "text": "February 8 – King James I of England dissolves the English Parliament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366857889#January–May", "title": "1622", "revid": 1366857889, "section": "Events › January–May"}}, {"year": 1624, "year_label": "1624 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – The last parliament of King James I of England begins its session.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331350573#January–March", "title": "1624", "revid": 1331350573, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1624, "year_label": "1624 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – King James approves a revised programme of reform for the Plantation of County Londonderry.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247388049#Events", "title": "1624 in Ireland", "revid": 1247388049, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1625, "year_label": "1625 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland succeeds to the throne on the death of his father, King James VI and I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363597525#January–March", "title": "1625", "revid": 1363597525, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1625, "year_label": "1625 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – Charles I becomes King of England, Scotland and Ireland upon the death of his father James I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331011835#Events", "title": "1625 in Ireland", "revid": 1331011835, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1625, "year_label": "1625 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – King James VI of Scotland/James I of England and Ireland (b. 1566)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363597525#January–March", "title": "1625", "revid": 1363597525, "section": "Deaths › January–March"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March", "text": "March – Archibald Armstrong, court jester to James VI and I and Charles I of England", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#Deaths", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Deaths"}}]}