{"slug": "isle-of-man", "label": "Isle of Man", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Man", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9676", "qid": "Q9676", "description": "historic nation and a self-governing British Crown dependency", "entries": 32, "years": 29, "span": [626, 1979], "span_label": ["626 CE", "1979 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "orkney", "label": "Orkney", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "northumbria", "label": "Northumbria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thelred-i-of-northumbria", "label": "Æthelred I of Northumbria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "hebrides", "label": "Hebrides", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "the-crown", "label": "The Crown", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "scotland", "label": "Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "imperial-german-navy", "label": "Imperial German Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "u-boat", "label": "U-boat", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "shetland", "label": "Shetland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alexander-iii-of-scotland", "label": "Alexander III of Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "august", "label": "August", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 626, "year_label": "626 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Edwin of Northumbria invades the Isle of Man and then Anglesey. King Cadwallon is defeated in battle, and is besieged on Puffin Island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352126742#Britain", "title": "626", "revid": 1352126742, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 790, "year_label": "790 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Æthelred I returns to Northumbria, and is restored to the throne after living in exile for 11 years. His rival Osred II is deposed, forcibly tonsured, and exiled to the Isle of Man. Æthelred then faces a rebellion by another rival, named Eardwulf. The latter is captured, and hanged outside the gates to Ripon Abbey. The body is taken into the abbey, where Eardwulf recovers and escapes to exile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848291#Britain", "title": "790", "revid": 1340848291, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 792, "year_label": "792 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September", "text": "September – King Æthelred I of Northumbria marries Princess Ælfflæd, daughter of King Offa of Mercia, at Catterick. Unrest in Northumbria tempts the exiled king Osred II back to his kingdom from the Isle of Man. His supporters desert him, and Osred II is killed by Æthelred's men at Aynburg. He is buried at Tynemouth Priory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906591#Britain", "title": "792", "revid": 1364906591, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 825, "year_label": "825 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "King Hywel ap Rhodri of Gwynedd dies after an 11-year reign. The kingdom is seized by his grand-nephew, Merfyn Frych of Man.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941320#Britain", "title": "825", "revid": 1340941320, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 979, "year_label": "979 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Tynwald (or Tynwald Court), the parliament of the Isle of Man, is founded. It remains active as the longest continuous parliament in the world.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908361#Britain", "title": "979", "revid": 1341908361, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1098, "year_label": "1098 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June", "text": "June or July – Battle of Anglesey Sound: A Norwegian fleet led by King Magnus Barefoot reverses an Anglo-Norman invasion of North Wales. Magnus conquers the Orkney Islands, the Hebrides and the Isle of Man.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163181#Britain", "title": "1098", "revid": 1362163181, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1111, "year_label": "1111 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Domnall mac Taidc temporarily seizes the Kingdom of the Isles (the Hebrides and the Isle of Man) by force.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268639#British_Isles", "title": "1111", "revid": 1365268639, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1265, "year_label": "1265 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Isle of Man comes under Scottish rule.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267064844#Europe", "title": "1265", "revid": 1267064844, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1266, "year_label": "1266 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 2", "text": "July 2 – Treaty of Perth: King Alexander III of Scotland agrees to a peace settlement with King Magnus VI of Norway (\"the Law-mender\") in which the Outer Hebrides and Isle of Man are ceded to Scotland in exchange for 4,000 marks. In return, Alexander confirms Norwegian sovereignty over the islands of Shetland and Orkney.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320651#Europe", "title": "1266", "revid": 1351320651, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1275, "year_label": "1275 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 8", "text": "October 8 – Battle of Ronaldsway: Scottish forces under John de Vesci defeat the Manx people of the Isle of Man in a decisive battle, firmly establishing Scottish rule of the island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270169#British_Isles", "title": "1275", "revid": 1365270169, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1313, "year_label": "1313 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland, leads an invasion of the Isle of Man, landing at Ramsey with a multitude of ships and captures it within five days. The only resistance is presented by the lord of Castle Rushen, and King Robert concentrates his efforts on a siege of the castle starting on May 22.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694602#April_–_June", "title": "1313", "revid": 1361694602, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1313, "year_label": "1313 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 18", "text": "18 May – Robert the Bruce invades Isle of Man, capturing it in five days", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356547234#Events", "title": "1313 in Scotland", "revid": 1356547234, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1313, "year_label": "1313 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Castle Rushen, on the Isle of Man, surrenders to Scotland's King Robert the Bruce after a siege of three weeks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694602#April_–_June", "title": "1313", "revid": 1361694602, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1315, "year_label": "1315 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – John of Argyll reports to King Edward II of England that he and his army have recovered the Isle of Man and expelled the Scottish occupiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018303#January_–_March", "title": "1315", "revid": 1332018303, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1333, "year_label": "1333 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – King Edward III of England seizes the Isle of Man from Scottish control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351084838#January–December", "title": "1333", "revid": 1351084838, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1337, "year_label": "1337 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "c. September – Richard de Mandeville raids Isle of Man", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370789441#Events", "title": "1337 in Ireland", "revid": 1370789441, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1417, "year_label": "1417 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – The earliest extant description of Tynwald Day; the annual meeting of the Isle of Man's parliament (Tynwald) is written down in law. Its first recorded use for the promulgation of laws dates to 24 June 1417, when Sir John Stanley presided.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829183#April–June", "title": "1417", "revid": 1368829183, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1651, "year_label": "1651 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – The Manx Rebellion of 1651 comes to an end as the Countess of Derby surrenders the Isle of Man to the forces of Oliver Cromwell in return for a guarantee of safe passage for herself, her family and her servants, off of the island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365975166#October–December", "title": "1651", "revid": 1365975166, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – Bishop Isaac Barrow founds the Bishop Barrow Trust with the intention of establishing a university on the Isle of Man; this becomes King William's College.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989896#July–September", "title": "1668", "revid": 1365989896, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1710, "year_label": "1710 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – In the Isle of Man, Manx coins become legal tender.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358049105#April–June", "title": "1710", "revid": 1358049105, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – The Isle of Man is brought under British control, the Isle of Man Purchase Act (coming into force 10 May) confirming HM Treasury's purchase of the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl, as Lord of Mann over the island, and revesting them into the British Crown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373039097#April–June", "title": "1765", "revid": 1373039097, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 21", "text": "21 June – the Isle of Man is brought under British control, the Isle of Man Purchase Act (coming into force 10 May) confirming HM Treasury's purchase of the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl as Lord of Mann over the island and revesting them into the British Crown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275835128#Events", "title": "1765 in Great Britain", "revid": 1275835128, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1833, "year_label": "1833 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – King William's College opens on the Isle of Man.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983797#July–September", "title": "1833", "revid": 1369983797, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1863, "year_label": "1863 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Douglas becomes the capital of the Isle of Man, after its parliament (Tynwald) moves its chambers from Castletown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363782030#Date_unknown", "title": "1863", "revid": 1363782030, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The capital of the Isle of Man moves from Castletown to Douglas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#Date_unknown", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1874, "year_label": "1874 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The House of Keys, lower house of the Tynwald, the legislature of the Isle of Man, moves from Castletown to Douglas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371979117#Date_unknown", "title": "1874", "revid": 1371979117, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1881, "year_label": "1881 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "On the Isle of Man (an internally self-governing dependent territory of the United Kingdom), the House of Keys Election Act extends the franchise for the national legislature to spinsters and widows owning real estate of a certain value.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369747876#Date_unknown", "title": "1881", "revid": 1369747876, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1883, "year_label": "1883 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August", "text": "August – King William's College is opened on the Isle of Man.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366127181#August", "title": "1883", "revid": 1366127181, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 12", "text": "12 August Godfrey Shaw sets the first (unofficial) world record by a New Zealander. He runs 57.2 seconds for 440 yards hurdles at the Isle of Man.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340599412#Athletics", "title": "1891 in New Zealand", "revid": 1340599412, "section": "Sport › Athletics"}}, {"year": 1897, "year_label": "1897 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – 19 zinc miners die of carbon monoxide poisoning at Snaefell Mine on the Isle of Man.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362850810#May", "title": "1897", "revid": 1362850810, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – WWI: British armed merchantman HMS Bayano is sunk in the North Channel off the coast of Scotland by Imperial German Navy U-boat SM U-27. Around 200 crew are lost, a number of bodies being washed up on the Isle of Man, with only 26 saved.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#March", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – Queen Elizabeth II attends the millennium celebrations of the Isle of Man's Parliament, Tynwald.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#July", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › July"}}]}