{"slug": "hudson-s-bay-company", "label": "Hudson's Bay Company", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_Company", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76039", "qid": "Q76039", "description": "Canadian retail business group, former fur trading business", "entries": 32, "years": 24, "span": [1669, 1906], "span_label": ["1669 CE", "1906 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 10}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "hudson-bay", "label": "Hudson Bay", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "ontario", "label": "Ontario", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "alberta", "label": "Alberta", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "prince-rupert-of-the-rhine", "label": "Prince Rupert of the Rhine", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nine-years-war", "label": "Nine Years' War", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "david-thompson-explorer", "label": "David Thompson (explorer)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "the-crown", "label": "The Crown", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "quebec", "label": "Quebec", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "canada", "label": "Canada", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "saskatchewan", "label": "Saskatchewan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "montreal", "label": "Montreal", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "columbia-river", "label": "Columbia River", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 9", "text": "October 9 – The English ship Nonsuch returns to London with the first products acquired from trade around Canada's Hudson Bay, a cargo of fine furs. The bounty from the Nonsuch expedition attracts investors for the soon-to-be-chartered Hudson's Bay Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366419040#October–December", "title": "1669", "revid": 1366419040, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1669, "year_label": "1669 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 9", "text": "9 October – English ship Nonsuch returns to London with the first products acquired from trade around Canada's Hudson Bay, a cargo of fine furs; the bounty attracts investors for the soon-to-be-chartered Hudson's Bay Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737390#Events", "title": "1669 in England", "revid": 1353737390, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 2", "text": "2 May – a royal charter is granted to the Hudson's Bay Company with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in Rupert's Land, governed for the crown by Rupert, Duke of Cumberland, the King's cousin, a 1.5 million square mile area around Hudson Bay in North America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737399#Events", "title": "1670 in England", "revid": 1353737399, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – The Hudson's Bay Company is granted a royal charter in England with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in \"Rupert's Land\", governed for the crown by Rupert, Duke of Cumberland, the cousin of King Charles II. The land is a 1.5 million square mile area of what is now Canada around Hudson Bay. The area controlled covers all of the modern province of Manitoba, most of Saskatchewan, and significant portions of Alberta and Nunavut, as well as parts of what are now Ontario and Quebec, and parts of the U.S. states of Minnesota, North Dakota and Montana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#April–June", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – A group of 107 French Canadian soldiers, under the command of Pierre de Troyes, begins the Hudson Bay expedition, departing from Montreal on an 800 mi journey to take control of the properties of British North American settlers of the Hudson's Bay Company. The group marches for 82 days and arrives at the first Hudson's Bay fort, at Moose Factory on June 19.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368502958#January–March", "title": "1686", "revid": 1368502958, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 20", "text": "June 20 – French Canadian soldiers on the Hudson Bay expedition capture the first of the British Hudson's Bay Company outposts, with the surrender the unarmed inhabitants of the fortress at Moose Factory, Ontario.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368502958#April–June", "title": "1686", "revid": 1368502958, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 (August 25 O.S.) – During the Nine Years' War, the Battle of Hudson's Bay is fought between English and French ships in Hudson Bay near what is now the Canadian province of Manitoba; The French warship Pélican captures York Factory, a trading post of the English Hudson's Bay Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355431044#July–September", "title": "1697", "revid": 1355431044, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 5", "text": "5 September – Nine Years' War: Battle of Hudson's Bay – French warship Pélican captures York Factory, a trading post of the English Hudson's Bay Company in modern-day Manitoba (Canada)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360551346#Events", "title": "1697 in France", "revid": 1360551346, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Sir Stephen Evans is Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company between the years 1700 to 1712.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349952141#Full_date_unknown", "title": "1700 in Canada", "revid": 1349952141, "section": "Events › Full date unknown"}}, {"year": 1705, "year_label": "1705 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Anthony Beale was appointed governor of the Hudson's Bay Company for Canada, replacing John Fullartine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360121552#Events", "title": "1705 in Canada", "revid": 1360121552, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – The Battle of Fort Albany, an attack by 100 French colonial volunteers and Cree natives on the British Hudson's Bay Company outpost at Fort Albany on Hudson Bay. John Fullartine, commander of the post, leads a successful defense of the fort and 18 of the attackers are killed and then retreat. The site becomes part of a Cree First Nation reserve in the Canadian province of Ontario.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#April–June", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1750, "year_label": "1750 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "1750s: Hudson's Bay Company Saskatchewan River region, reached by trade drummers sent out with goods to tempt the Indians to York.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349953743#Events", "title": "1750 in Canada", "revid": 1349953743, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1754, "year_label": "1754 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Hudson's Bay Company Anthony Hendry travels to upper South Saskatchewan River, to Ft. La Jonquiere region with presents and trade goods.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349953871#Events", "title": "1754 in Canada", "revid": 1349953871, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1770, "year_label": "1770 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – Christopher Middleton, Hudson's Bay Company captain", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367486705#Deaths", "title": "1770 in Canada", "revid": 1367486705, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1772, "year_label": "1772 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "HBC Mathey Cocking, to Blackfeet country west of Eagle Hills.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349954603#Events", "title": "1772 in Canada", "revid": 1349954603, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1773, "year_label": "1773 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Montreal Ft. La Traite, on Churchill River, by Frobisher to cut into HBC's trade.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349954645#Events", "title": "1773 in Canada", "revid": 1349954645, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1787, "year_label": "1787 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "HBC David Thompson wintered with Piegans on Bow River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955174#Events", "title": "1787 in Canada", "revid": 1349955174, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1793, "year_label": "1793 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "HBC Brandon House established on the Assiniboine River, outpost for trade south and southwest to Missouri and Yellowstone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955378#Events", "title": "1793 in Canada", "revid": 1349955378, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1795, "year_label": "1795 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The Hudson's Bay Company trading post Fort Edmonton is constructed; the city of Edmonton, Alberta, eventually grows from it.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352627752#Undated", "title": "1795", "revid": 1352627752, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1797, "year_label": "1797 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "David Thompson leaves Hudson's Bay Company to join North West Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357083719#Events", "title": "1797 in Canada", "revid": 1357083719, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1799, "year_label": "1799 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "North West Company establishes a fur post at Rocky Mountain House, Alberta. The nearby Hudson's Bay Company fur post which is also established at this time is called Acton House.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955564#Events", "title": "1799 in Canada", "revid": 1349955564, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August", "text": "August to October – The Red River Colony is begun in Canada's northwest on lands granted to Thomas Douglas by the Hudson's Bay Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955960#Events", "title": "1812 in Canada", "revid": 1349955960, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1816, "year_label": "1816 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 19", "text": "June 19 – Battle of Seven Oaks: The Hudson's Bay Company is defeated by the North West Company, near Winnipeg, Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363267979#April–June", "title": "1816", "revid": 1363267979, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1816, "year_label": "1816 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 19", "text": "June 19 – After several years of harassment, sabotage, and minor skirmishes between members of the Hudson's Bay and North West Companies, a full-scale battle (today known at Battle of Seven Oaks) breaks out between parties led by Cuthbert Grant and Robert Semple. The Hudson's Bay men, instigators of the confrontation though outnumbered nearly three to one, suffer 21 deaths, while Grant's party suffers two deaths, one Métis and one Native. The battle is frequently cited as a seminal moment in the history of the Métis people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349956070#Events", "title": "1816 in Canada", "revid": 1349956070, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1821, "year_label": "1821 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "July", "text": "July – The Hudson's Bay Company merges with archrivals, the Montreal-based North West Company, creating unemployment for a substantial proportion of their Métis workforce.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349956229#Events", "title": "1821 in Canada", "revid": 1349956229, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1825, "year_label": "1825 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The Fort Vancouver trading post is established on the lower Columbia River by the Hudson's Bay Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341744335#Date_unknown", "title": "1825", "revid": 1341744335, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1825, "year_label": "1825 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Vancouver, Washington is established by Dr. John McLoughlin on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370762038#Undated", "title": "1825 in the United States", "revid": 1370762038, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – The Hudson's Bay Company surrenders its claim to Rupert's Land in Canada, under its letters patent, back to the British Crown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#November", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – The Deed of Surrender recognizes the purchase of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory from the Hudson's Bay Company: the lands are placed under the direct control of the Crown, but do not yet formally belong to Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349957799#Events", "title": "1869 in Canada", "revid": 1349957799, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 19", "text": "19 November – the Hudson's Bay Company surrenders its claim to Rupert's Land in Canada under its letters patent back to the British Crown.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331082475#Events", "title": "1869 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1331082475, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 15", "text": "July 15 – The British government admits the former Hudson's Bay Company territory of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to the Dominion of Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#July", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1906, "year_label": "1906 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Revillon Frères trading post opens at Fort Saint John, British Columbia, as competition against the Hudson's Bay Company", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349958810#Events", "title": "1906 in Canada", "revid": 1349958810, "section": "Events"}}]}