{"slug": "hong-kong", "label": "Hong Kong", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8646", "qid": "Q8646", "description": "city and special administrative region of China", "entries": 37, "years": 23, "span": [1163, 2020], "span_label": ["1163 CE", "2020 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 8}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "qing-dynasty", "label": "Qing dynasty", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "philippines", "label": "Philippines", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-kingdom", "label": "United Kingdom", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "christianity", "label": "Christianity", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "protestantism", "label": "Protestantism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "taiwan", "label": "Taiwan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "song-dynasty", "label": "Song dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom", "label": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "vietnam", "label": "Vietnam", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-health-organization", "label": "World Health Organization", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "europe", "label": "Europe", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1163, "year_label": "1163 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The Guanfuchang salt-fields (官富場) in Hong Kong (modern-day To Kwa Wan, Kowloon Bay, Kwun Tong and Lam Tin districts) are first officially operated by the Song dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359581472#Events", "title": "1163", "revid": 1359581472, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1841, "year_label": "1841 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the island records a population of about 7,500.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360265400#January–March", "title": "1841", "revid": 1360265400, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1842, "year_label": "1842 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 29", "text": "August 29 – The Treaty of Nanking, an unequal treaty between the United Kingdom and Qing dynasty China, ends the First Opium War, and establishes Hong Kong as a British colony (later a British dependent territory until 1997).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365455258#July–September", "title": "1842", "revid": 1365455258, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1844, "year_label": "1844 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Chinese Union, an early Chinese Protestant Christian missionary society that was involved in preaching to Chinese and sending Chinese workers to mainland China during the late Qing dynasty was founded by Karl Gützlaff in 1844, Hong Kong", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369295770#Events", "title": "1844 in China", "revid": 1369295770, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Presbyterian Church of England founded and resolved to establish a mission in China. The Rev. William Chalmers Burns went first to Hong Kong and then to Amoy", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243749154#Events", "title": "1847 in China", "revid": 1243749154, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1892, "year_label": "1892 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – José Rizal arrives in the Philippines from Europe via Hong Kong.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372607214#June", "title": "1892 in the Philippines", "revid": 1372607214, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1903, "year_label": "1903 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – The English-language South China Morning Post newspaper is first published in Hong Kong.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373319317#November", "title": "1903", "revid": 1373319317, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February", "text": "February — The Hong Kong Government negotiated with the Japanese army, resume shipping between Hong Kong and Guangzhou.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346152053#February", "title": "1939 in China", "revid": 1346152053, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong, by American Roy Farrell and Australian Sydney de Kantzow.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#September", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1957, "year_label": "1957 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Raja Fashions, a tailoring business, is founded in Hong Kong.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371361971#Date_unknown", "title": "1957", "revid": 1371361971, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1984, "year_label": "1984 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The First South-East Asian Cricket Tournament was held in Dhaka in January. Two teams from the host country were joined by teams from Singapore and Hong Kong. The Bangladesh national team won the trophy, and thus qualified for the 1986 Asia Cup in Sri Lanka.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365970288#Sports", "title": "1984 in Bangladesh", "revid": 1365970288, "section": "Events › Sports"}}, {"year": 1984, "year_label": "1984 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 26", "text": "September 26 – The United Kingdom and the People's Republic of China sign the initial agreement to return Hong Kong to China in 1997.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371242779#September", "title": "1984", "revid": 1371242779, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – Hong Kong begins the forcible repatriation of Vietnamese boat people, starting with a group of 59 who are flown to Hanoi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#December", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – A Taiwanese businessman is abducted by an unidentified, newly-formed kidnap-for-ransom gang in Metro Manila. He is brought to Laguna and is released on May 17 after a ransom is paid in Hong Kong. Police later believes that the gang has international links and flees Manila thereafter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374018355#May", "title": "1993 in the Philippines", "revid": 1374018355, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 20", "text": "20 April to 24 April - The International Junior Championships of Hong Kong were held in the territory, with Jeong-min lee, along with Hae-sung chung, winning the Boys Singles' and Doubles', and Ludmilla Varmuza, along with Fransesca La'o winning the Girls Singles' and Doubles' respectively.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323816857#April", "title": "1994 in Hong Kong", "revid": 1323816857, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "September 18", "text": "18 September - The first tier of the 1994 Hong Kong electoral reform, pertaining to the reform of the local councils, was carried out by the last governor of Hong Kong, Chris Patten, to broaden the electorate base of the territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323816857#September", "title": "1994 in Hong Kong", "revid": 1323816857, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – The 1996 Garley Building fire occurred in Hong Kong, resulting in 41 deaths and 81 injuries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#November", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – Tung Chee-hwa is appointed to become the new leader of Hong Kong after it reverts to Chinese rule on July 1, 1997, at the end of a 99-year lease to the United Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#December", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – The United Kingdom hands sovereignty of the British colony in Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#July", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – The World Health Organization issues a global alert on SARS when it spreads to Hong Kong and Vietnam after originating in Mainland China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371470479#March", "title": "2003", "revid": 1371470479, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – The annual 1 July Marches in Hong Kong see hundreds of thousands of participants in response to the National Security (Legislative Provisions) Bill.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371470479#July", "title": "2003", "revid": 1371470479, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – Israel's El-Al Airlines Boeing 777 flying from Hong Kong to Tel Aviv made an emergency landing in Baku. The engine problem was fixed, and the plane continued its flight.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292933670#May", "title": "2009 in Azerbaijan", "revid": 1292933670, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2013, "year_label": "2013 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March 25", "text": "25 March - Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal rules that foreign domestic workers are not allowed to become Hong Kong permanent residents.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320048280#March", "title": "2013 in Hong Kong", "revid": 1320048280, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2013, "year_label": "2013 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 3", "text": "3 May - The world's largest rubber duck is moved to Hong Kong.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320048280#May", "title": "2013 in Hong Kong", "revid": 1320048280, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2013, "year_label": "2013 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 23", "text": "23 September - At least 25 people are dead in Hong Kong and southern China after Typhoon Usagi passes through with the storm having killed eight people in the Philippines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320048280#September", "title": "2013 in Hong Kong", "revid": 1320048280, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – Turkish Airlines Flight 6491, a cargo flight en route from Hong Kong to Istanbul via Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, crashes in a residential area while attempting to land at Manas International Airport, Bishkek, killing all four crew members on board and 35 people on the ground.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#January", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 28", "text": "28 June – The governments of Georgia and Hong Kong, the special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, sign a free trade agreement aimed at expanding bilateral trade in goods and services.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364051239#June", "title": "2018 in Georgia", "revid": 1364051239, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14–16 – Typhoon Mangkhut impacts the Philippines, Taiwan, Hong Kong and China, resulting in more than 60 fatalities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#September", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – Chinese scientist He Jiankui, at a public conference in Hong Kong, announces that he has altered the DNA of twin human girls born earlier in the month to try to make them resistant to infection with the HIV virus; he also reveals the possible second pregnancy of another gene-modified baby.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#November", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests: Over 1 million people in Hong Kong protest against proposed legislation regarding extradition to mainland China. It is the largest protest in Hong Kong since the 1997 handover.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#June", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 15", "text": "June 15 – 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests: Hong Kong announces it will indefinitely suspend the controversial extradition bill, but protests continue, this time calling for the total withdrawal of the bill and the resignation of Chief Executive Carrie Lam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#June", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21 – A mob of over 100 suspected triad members dressed in white and armed with batons attack commuters indiscriminately at MTR Yuen Long station in Hong Kong, injuring 45, including a pro-democracy legislator and a pregnant woman. Hong Kong police have been accused of allowing the violence to happen due to their delayed response and decision to limit emergency services in the area. (The Guardian) (SCMP)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#July", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – 2019–20 Hong Kong protests: Amid ongoing protests, Hong Kong is hit by the first general strikes of their kind since 1967.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#August", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "September 4", "text": "September 4 – 2019–20 Hong Kong protests: Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam announces the official withdrawal of the controversial Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019, and setting up of an independent study to probe social and economic inequality within the territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#September", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – 2019–20 Hong Kong protests: Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam and the Chief Executive in Council invokes the Emergency Regulations Ordinance and banning the face mask in public gatherings with immediate effect.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#October", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 27", "text": "May 27 – The Chinese National People's Congress votes in favour of national security legislation that criminalizes \"secession\", \"subversion\", \"terrorism\" and foreign interference in Hong Kong; the legislation grants sweeping powers to the Chinese central government to suppress the Hong Kong democracy movement, including banning activist groups and curtailing civil liberties. The U.S. government responds by declaring Hong Kong is \"no longer autonomous\" under the United States-Hong Kong Policy Act.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#May", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3 – Prime Minister Boris Johnson says the UK will change immigration laws to offer a pathway to UK citizenship for all Hong Kong citizens who are eligible for BN(O) status if the government of China imposes new security laws on the territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#June", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › June"}}]}