{"slug": "hamas", "label": "Hamas", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38799", "qid": "Q38799", "description": "Palestinian Islamist political and military organization", "entries": 28, "years": 20, "span": [1987, 2025], "span_label": ["1987 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 14}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "gaza-strip", "label": "Gaza Strip", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "israel", "label": "Israel", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "palestinians", "label": "Palestinians", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tehran", "label": "Tehran", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "international-criminal-court", "label": "International Criminal Court", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "benjamin-netanyahu", "label": "Benjamin Netanyahu", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states-secretary-of-state", "label": "United States Secretary of State", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "israel-defense-forces", "label": "Israel Defense Forces", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hezbollah", "label": "Hezbollah", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "muslims", "label": "Muslims", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tel-aviv", "label": "Tel Aviv", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December 10", "text": "10 December: Hamas is founded by Palestinian Islamic scholar Ahmed Yassin after the outbreak of the First Intifada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366990995#December", "title": "1987 in Palestine", "revid": 1366990995, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 18", "text": "18 August – Hamas issues their Charter which outlines the organization's founding identity, positions, and aims.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369068096#August", "title": "1988 in Palestine", "revid": 1369068096, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 19", "text": "19 May – First Intifada: The Palestinian leader Ahmed Yassin, the founder and spiritual leader of Hamas, was arrested by Israel. Yassin was later on sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in attacks against Israelis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358836815#Events", "title": "1989 in Palestine", "revid": 1358836815, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 7", "text": "7 April – Hamas declines the invitation to participate in the Preparatory Committee for Restructuring the PNC.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367184052#Events", "title": "1990 in Palestine", "revid": 1367184052, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 9", "text": "9 October – Kidnapping of Nachshon Wachsman: IDF soldier Corporal Nachshon Wachsman is kidnapped by Hamas militants disguised as Jewish settlers. They later demand the release of Sheikh Ahmed Yassin and another 200 Palestinian Arab prisoners from Israeli prison in return for Wachsman's release.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360408381#Events", "title": "1994 in Palestine", "revid": 1360408381, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 25", "text": "25 February – Ashkelon bus station bombing: Killing two Israelis. Hamas claims responsibility for the bombing.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356984848#Events", "title": "1996 in Palestine", "revid": 1356984848, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – Kfar Saba bombing: A Palestinian Arab suicide bomber kills an Israeli doctor of American origin in Kfar Saba and injures 60 others. Hamas claims responsibility.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372651822#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "2001 in Palestine", "revid": 1372651822, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – Nahariya Railway Station bombing: an Arab-Israeli who was sent by Hamas detonates himself on the crowded platform of the Nahariya Railway Station, killing 3 Israelis and injuring 94. Hamas claim responsibility.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372651822#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "2001 in Palestine", "revid": 1372651822, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – Mike's Place bombing: A Muslim British citizen suicide bomber blows himself up at \"Mike's Place\", a Tel Aviv restaurant, killing four Israelis and injuring 50 others. Hamas and Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades claim joint responsibility for the attack.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311388016#Israeli–Palestinian_conflict", "title": "2003 in Palestine", "revid": 1311388016, "section": "Events › Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Hamas leader Ahmed Yassin is killed by Israeli missile strikes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#March", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17 – Israeli helicopters fire missiles at a convoy of vehicles in the Gaza Strip, killing Hamas leader Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#April", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 25", "text": "January 25 – Hamas wins the 2006 Palestinian legislative election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373069605#January", "title": "2006", "revid": 1373069605, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2006, "year_label": "2006 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Israel launches an offensive in the Gaza Strip in response to rocketfire by Hamas into Israeli territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373069605#June", "title": "2006", "revid": 1373069605, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10–15 – Fatah-Hamas conflict: The Battle of Gaza is fought between Fatah and Hamas, and ends with Hamas gaining control of the Gaza Strip.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#June", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – Israel invades the Gaza Strip, in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by Hamas, and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#December", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2009, "year_label": "2009 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 21", "text": "January 21 – Israel withdraws from the Gaza Strip, officially ending its three-week war with Hamas. However, intermittent air strikes by both sides continue in the following weeks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367728140#January", "title": "2009", "revid": 1367728140, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 18", "text": "October 18 – Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange: Israel and the Palestinian militant organization Hamas begin a major prisoner exchange, in which the captured Israeli Army soldier Gilad Shalit is released by Hamas in exchange for 1,027 Palestinian and Israeli-Arab prisoners held in Israel, including 280 prisoners serving life sentences for planning and perpetrating terror attacks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372940525#October", "title": "2011", "revid": 1372940525, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14–21 – Israel launches Operation Pillar of Defense against the Palestinian-governed Gaza Strip, killing Hamas military chief Ahmed Jabari. In the following week 140 Palestinians and five Israelis are killed in an ensuing cycle of violence. A ceasefire between Israel and Hamas is announced by Egyptian Foreign Minister Mohamed Kamel Amr and US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton after the week-long escalation in hostilities in Southern Israel and the Gaza Strip.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#November", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2014, "year_label": "2014 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 8", "text": "July 8–August 26 – Amid growing tensions between Israel and Hamas following the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers in June and the revenge killing of a Palestinian teenager in July, Israel launches Operation Protective Edge against Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip starting with numerous missile strikes, followed by a ground offensive a week later. In seven weeks of fighting, 2,100 Palestinians and 71 Israelis are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373534475#July", "title": "2014", "revid": 1373534475, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis: Israel hits the Gaza Strip with airstrikes as Hamas increases rocket fire. This follows tensions over the possible eviction of several Palestinians due to a long-standing property dispute in the Sheikh Jarrah neighbourhood of East Jerusalem.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#May", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2023, "year_label": "2023 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 7", "text": "October 7 – Gaza war: Hamas launches an incursion into southern Israel from the Gaza Strip, killing more than 1,100 Israelis and taking about 240 hostages, prompting a military response from the Israel Defense Forces. Israel launches numerous air strikes on Lebanon after rockets are fired by Hezbollah and further attempts are made to penetrate Israel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372811827#October", "title": "2023", "revid": 1372811827, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – The chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court seeks arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Hamas leader in Gaza Yahya Sinwar over alleged war crimes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#May", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, is assassinated at his residence in Tehran, Iran.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#July", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 31", "text": "31 July – Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh: Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh is assassinated in a missile strike in Tehran, Iran, after attending the inauguration ceremony of the Iranian president Masoud Pezeshkian. Israel admits responsibility for the killing on 23 December.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363692809#July", "title": "2024 in Israel", "revid": 1363692809, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 21", "text": "November 21 – The International Criminal Court (ICC) issues arrest warrants against Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, former Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant, and Hamas military leader Mohammed Deif on accusations of war crimes committed during the Gaza war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#November", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – Gaza war: Israel and Hamas approve a ceasefire agreement that seeks to end the war, exchange Israeli hostages and Palestinian prisoners, and allow in international aid. It takes effect on January 19.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#January", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – The US begins direct negotiations with Hamas over the release of the remaining Israeli hostages. Trump later threatens on Truth Social and X that the people of Gaza \"are dead\" unless they return the hostages \"immediately\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372804616#March", "title": "2025 in the United States", "revid": 1372804616, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – Gaza war: Hamas releases the last 20 living hostages in Gaza after they were kidnapped during the 2023 October 7 attacks. In exchange, Israel releases 250 Palestinian prisoners and more than 1,700 detainees.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#October", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › October"}}]}