{"slug": "hamadan", "label": "Hamadan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamadan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28587", "qid": "Q28587", "description": "city in Hamadan Province, Iran", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [-674, 1503], "span_label": ["675 BCE", "1503 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Hamedan"], "related": [{"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "seljuk-dynasty", "label": "Seljuk dynasty", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mosul", "label": "Mosul", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "assyria", "label": "Assyria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "medes", "label": "Medes", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "persians", "label": "Persians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cimmerians", "label": "Cimmerians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ecbatana", "label": "Ecbatana", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "abbasid-caliphate", "label": "Abbasid Caliphate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "seljuk-empire", "label": "Seljuk Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ray-iran", "label": "Ray, Iran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "turkey", "label": "Turkey", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -674, "year_label": "675 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "King Deioces dies after a 53-year reign that has established the kingdom of the Medes and its capital at Ecbatana (later Hamedan) in what will be northwest Persia. He is succeeded by his son Phraortes, who forms an anti-Assyrian alliance with the Cimmerians to subjugate the Persians and other Asian peoples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510298#Middle_East", "title": "675 BC", "revid": 1370510298, "section": "Events › By place › Middle East"}}, {"year": 931, "year_label": "931 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emir Mardavij ibn Ziyar defeats and kills his rival Asfar ibn Shiruya. He conquers in rapid succession the Abbasid cities of Hamadan, Dinavar, and Kashan, and finally the entire region of Isfahan, which becomes his capital. Mardavij appoints his brother Vushmgir as the governor of Amol (modern Iran).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364917472#Asia", "title": "931", "revid": 1364917472, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1021, "year_label": "1021 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Shams al-Dawla, Buyid emir of Hamadan (Iran)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342212958#Deaths", "title": "1021", "revid": 1342212958, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1111, "year_label": "1111 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 13", "text": "September 13–29 – Battle of Shaizar: Sultan Muhammad I Tapar appoints Mawdud ibn Altuntash, Turkic governor (atabeg) of Mosul, to lead a Seljuk expedition against the Crusaders. The composite force includes Muslim contingents from Damascus, Diyarbakır, Ahlat and some Persian troops, headed by Bursuq ibn Bursuq from Hamadan. The Crusaders (16,000 men), led by King Baldwin I of Jerusalem, are cut off from their supplies, and within two weeks (due to constant Seljuk skirmishes) forced to fall back on Afamiya in northern Syria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268639#Levant", "title": "1111", "revid": 1365268639, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1134, "year_label": "1134 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Mas'ud becomes sultan of the Seljuk dynasty in Hamadan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321069056#Asia", "title": "1134", "revid": 1321069056, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1194, "year_label": "1194 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – Sultan Toghrul III is defeated and killed in battle with Ala ad-Din Tekish, near Rey in Persia – ending the Seljuq dynasty of Hamedan. The Seljuk Empire passes to the Khwarazmian dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292975381#Seljuk_Empire", "title": "1194", "revid": 1292975381, "section": "Events › By place › Seljuk Empire"}}, {"year": 1257, "year_label": "1257 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Mongol forces move down from their base at Hamadan, while Baiju Noyan crosses the river Tigris at Mosul with his army. On the left-wing Kitbuqa enters the plain of Iraq, while Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan advance through Kermanshah.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011805#Mongol_Empire", "title": "1257", "revid": 1350011805, "section": "Events › By place › Mongol Empire"}}, {"year": 1503, "year_label": "1503 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – Murad, the last Sultan of Aq Qoyunlu in modern-day eastern Turkey fights the Safavid King of Persia, Ismail I in a battle near the city of Hamadan, and suffers 10,000 casualties, including his commander Güzel Ahmad.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366510845#April–June", "title": "1503", "revid": 1366510845, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}