{"slug": "halley-s-comet", "label": "Halley's Comet", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23054", "qid": "Q23054", "description": "short-period comet visible from Earth every 75–76 years", "entries": 23, "years": 20, "span": [-239, 1986], "span_label": ["240 BCE", "1986 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 23}], "also_known_as": ["Comet Halley"], "related": [{"slug": "edmond-halley", "label": "Edmond Halley", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "solar-system", "label": "Solar System", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "earth", "label": "Earth", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chinese-astronomy", "label": "Chinese astronomy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "johannes-kepler", "label": "Johannes Kepler", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gdansk", "label": "Gdańsk", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -239, "year_label": "240 BCE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 25", "text": "May 25 – Chinese astronomers make the first recorded observation of Halley's Comet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1191165485#Astronomy", "title": "240 BC", "revid": 1191165485, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": -163, "year_label": "164 BCE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Halley's Comet makes its regular appearance in the sky, as recorded by a Babylonian scribe. It last appeared in 240 BC.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1288884961#Astronomy", "title": "164 BC", "revid": 1288884961, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": -86, "year_label": "87 BCE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Halley's Comet makes its third confirmed apparition, recorded by Babylonian scribes as being visible in the sky \"day beyond day\" for about one month.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1324423424#Astronomy", "title": "87 BC", "revid": 1324423424, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": -11, "year_label": "12 BCE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Halley's Comet makes an appearance, as recorded by Chinese Astronomers for about 56 days. Written in the Annal of Han as \"In the first year of Yuan Yen (12 B.C.), in the Autumn the seventh month, on the day Sing Wei, a comet swept in Gemini, went through Pollux and Castor, and passed over Leo and Virgo. It was then behind the sun about six degrees, and appeared in the east earlier in the morning. After thirteen days the comet became an evening star shining in the west, whence it swept over Arcturus, moved slowly to Serpens, and reached Ophiuchus. After 56 days it disappeared in Scorpio.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372852966#Astronomy", "title": "12 BC", "revid": 1372852966, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": 141, "year_label": "141 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "6th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371186469#Arts_and_Science", "title": "AD 141", "revid": 1371186469, "section": "Events › By topic › Arts and Science"}}, {"year": 684, "year_label": "684 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – A large comet is observed in Japan (it's Japan's oldest observation record of Halley's Comet).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805928#Japan", "title": "684", "revid": 1340805928, "section": "Events › By place › Asia › Japan"}}, {"year": 837, "year_label": "837 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Halley's Comet passes approximately 5 million km from Earth, its closest ever approach.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941882#Astronomy", "title": "837", "revid": 1340941882, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": 989, "year_label": "989 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September", "text": "September – Halley's Comet is at perihelion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624689#Astronomy", "title": "989", "revid": 1357624689, "section": "Events › By topic › Astronomy"}}, {"year": 1066, "year_label": "1066 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Halley's Comet reaches perihelion. Its appearance is subsequently recorded in the Bayeux Tapestry.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370249569#Worldwide", "title": "1066", "revid": 1370249569, "section": "Events › Worldwide"}}, {"year": 1378, "year_label": "1378 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10 – The first observation of Halley's Comet from Earth is made, based on an estimate from orbital calculations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366019926#October–December", "title": "1378", "revid": 1366019926, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1456, "year_label": "1456 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – Halley's Comet makes an appearance, as noted by the humanist scholar Platina.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371442849#April–June", "title": "1456", "revid": 1371442849, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1531, "year_label": "1531 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26 – Comet Halley achieves its perihelion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359939156#July–September", "title": "1531", "revid": 1359939156, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1607, "year_label": "1607 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 27", "text": "October 27 – Halley's Comet is seen by Johannes Kepler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358831090#October–December", "title": "1607", "revid": 1358831090, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1682, "year_label": "1682 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – A comet that will later become known as Comet Halley, is observed from several locations on Earth after reaching magnitude 2 and becoming visible to the naked eye. Arthur Storer sees it from the North American colony of Maryland, while German astronomer Johannes Hevelius measures it from Danzig (now Gdansk in Poland). Edmond Halley successfully predicts that it will return in 1758.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560956#July–September", "title": "1682", "revid": 1369560956, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1682, "year_label": "1682 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "September", "text": "September – Halley's Comet makes an appearance, and is observed by Edmond Halley himself.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367642347#Events", "title": "1682 in England", "revid": 1367642347, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1705, "year_label": "1705 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Edmond Halley publicly predicts the periodicity of Halley's Comet and computes its expected path of return in 1758.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355353320#Date_unknown", "title": "1705", "revid": 1355353320, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1758, "year_label": "1758 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Halley's Comet is sighted by Johann Georg Palitzsch, confirming Edmund Halley's 1705 prediction of its periodicity.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366206062#October–December", "title": "1758", "revid": 1366206062, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1759, "year_label": "1759 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Halley's Comet returns; a team of three mathematicians, Alexis Clairaut, Jérome Lalande and Nicole Reine Lepaute, have – for the first time – predicted the date", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353738584#Events", "title": "1759 in France", "revid": 1353738584, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1835, "year_label": "1835 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – Halley's Comet reaches perihelion, its closest approach to the Sun.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364866184#October–December", "title": "1835", "revid": 1364866184, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1910, "year_label": "1910 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Halley's Comet becomes visible with the naked eye (perihelion: April 20); Earth passes through its tail about May 19 (its next visit will be in 1986).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373495790#April", "title": "1910", "revid": 1373495790, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1986, "year_label": "1986 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – Halley's Comet reaches its perihelion, the closest point to the Sun, during its second visit to the Solar System in the 20th century (the first was in 1910).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#February", "title": "1986", "revid": 1373510075, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1986, "year_label": "1986 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March", "text": "Halley's Comet reaches the closest point to the Earth during its second visit to the Solar System in the 20th century. The next time it will be seen is predicted for 2061.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373725960#March", "title": "1986 in the United States", "revid": 1373725960, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1986, "year_label": "1986 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – The Japanese Suisei probe flies by Halley's Comet, studying its UV hydrogen corona and solar wind.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#March", "title": "1986", "revid": 1373510075, "section": "Events › March"}}]}