{"slug": "haifa", "label": "Haifa", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifa", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41621", "qid": "Q41621", "description": "third-largest city in Israel", "entries": 17, "years": 17, "span": [1099, 2003], "span_label": ["1099 CE", "2003 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "bahai-faith", "label": "Baháʼí Faith", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "caesarea-maritima", "label": "Caesarea Maritima", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "jerusalem", "label": "Jerusalem", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "israel", "label": "Israel", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mandatory-palestine", "label": "Mandatory Palestine", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "egypt", "label": "Egypt", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mamluk-sultanate", "label": "Mamluk Sultanate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "crusader-states", "label": "Crusader states", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bahri-mamluks", "label": "Bahri Mamluks", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "apolloniaarsuf", "label": "Apollonia–Arsuf", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1099, "year_label": "1099 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 26", "text": "May 26 – The Crusaders march to Haifa and along the coast under Mount Carmel to Caesarea (modern Israel), where they rest for four days in order to celebrate Whitsun (Whit Sunday).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265715#First_Crusade", "title": "1099", "revid": 1365265715, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1100, "year_label": "1100 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – With the support of a Venetian fleet, the Crusaders under Tancred capture the coastal city of Haifa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265768#Levant", "title": "1100", "revid": 1365265768, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1191, "year_label": "1191 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – Richard I leads the Crusader forces (some 15,000 men) out of Acre and marches south along the coast, being closely supported by the Crusader fleet, carrying most of the supplies. Meanwhile, Saladin has given his son Al-Afdal orders to remain close to the Crusader rearguard under Hugh III, and strengthens the Muslim garrison both in Jerusalem and Ascalon with 20,000 men each. Richard advances at an unexpectedly slow pace and decides to make camp near Haifa – which Saladin has dismantled shortly before the fall of Acre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170549#Third_Crusade", "title": "1191", "revid": 1362170549, "section": "Events › By place › Third Crusade"}}, {"year": 1265, "year_label": "1265 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Mamluk Sultanate Bahri dynasty of Egypt captures several cities and towns from Crusader states in the Middle East, including the cities of Haifa, Arsuf, and Caesarea Maritima; these events eventually precipitate the Eighth Crusade in 1267.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267064844#North_Africa_and_Asia", "title": "1265", "revid": 1267064844, "section": "Events › By place › North Africa and Asia"}}, {"year": 1291, "year_label": "1291 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June", "text": "June – Al-Ashraf Khalil enters Damascus in triumph with Crusaders chained at their feet and the captured Crusader standards, which are carried upside-down as a sign of their defeat. Following the capture of Acre, Khalil and his Mamluk generals proceed to wrest control of the remaining Crusader-held fortresses along the Syrian coast. Within weeks, the Mamluks conquer Tyre, Sidon, Beirut, Haifa and Tartus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363454369#Levant", "title": "1291", "revid": 1363454369, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1909, "year_label": "1909 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 21", "text": "March 21 – The remains of the Báb are placed in the Baháʼí Shrine of the Báb on Mount Carmel in Haifa, at this time within the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373420847#March–April", "title": "1909", "revid": 1373420847, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 29", "text": "29 October – King George V approves the award of a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) to ‘Abdu’l-Baha, following a recommendation by the British military administration in Palestine, citing his cooperation and influence in Haifa during the period of British occupation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364240177#October", "title": "1919 in British-administered Palestine", "revid": 1364240177, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 6", "text": "6 December – The Histadrut is established in Haifa to look after the interests of Jewish workers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361419807#December", "title": "1920 in British-administered Palestine", "revid": 1361419807, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 4", "text": "4 December – The founding of the kibbutz Beit HaShita by members of \"Kvuzat HaHugim\" and members of \"Tnuat HaMahanot HaOlim\" from Haifa and Jerusalem.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373245742#Events", "title": "1928 in Mandatory Palestine", "revid": 1373245742, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "5–6 May – Renowned Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum performs in the Mugrabi Theater in Tel Aviv, continuing after to Jerusalem and Haifa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1224699635#Events", "title": "1935 in Mandatory Palestine", "revid": 1224699635, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "November 25", "text": "November 25 – Patria disaster: As British authorities attempt to deport Jewish refugees (originating from German-occupied Europe) from Mandatory Palestine to Mauritius, aboard the requisitioned emigrant liner SS Patria at Haifa, the Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah sinks the ship with a bomb, killing around 250 refugees and crew.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#November", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – Following wide media and UNSCOP coverage, the Exodus is captured by British troops, and refused entry into Palestine at the port of Haifa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#July", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1948, "year_label": "1948 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – Civil War in Mandatory Palestine: Battle of Haifa – Jewish paramilitary group Haganah captures Haifa from the Arab Liberation Army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371784888#April", "title": "1948", "revid": 1371784888, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 6", "text": "6 October – The Carmelit, Haifa's underground funicular railway, is opened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318400059#Events", "title": "1959 in Israel", "revid": 1318400059, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21–23 – The first election of the Supreme Institution of the Baháʼí Faith (known as the Universal House of Justice, whose seat is at the Baháʼí World Centre on Mount Carmel in Haifa, Israel) is held.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#April", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "December 2", "text": "December 2 – Haifa bus 16 suicide bombing: A Hamas militant carries out a suicide bombing in Haifa, Israel, killing 15 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373523156#December", "title": "2001", "revid": 1373523156, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – Maxim restaurant suicide bombing: A Palestinian suicide bomber attacks a restaurant in Haifa, Israel, killing at least 19 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371470479#October", "title": "2003", "revid": 1371470479, "section": "Events › October"}}]}