{"slug": "great-famine-ireland", "label": "Great Famine (Ireland)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Famine_%28Ireland%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188371", "qid": "Q188371", "description": "1845–1852 famine in Ireland", "entries": 24, "years": 9, "span": [1837, 1852], "span_label": ["1837 CE", "1852 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 22}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Great Irish Famine"], "related": [{"slug": "queen-victoria", "label": "Queen Victoria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "liverpool", "label": "Liverpool", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ireland", "label": "Ireland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "england", "label": "England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states", "label": "United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "protestantism", "label": "Protestantism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "australia", "label": "Australia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "native-americans-in-the-united-states", "label": "Native Americans in the United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "quakers", "label": "Quakers", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "choctaw", "label": "Choctaw", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom", "label": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "house-of-lords", "label": "House of Lords", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August", "text": "August – following a very cold summer there is widespread failure of the potato crop, as in 1836, leading to famine later in the year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353860073#Events", "title": "1837 in Ireland", "revid": 1353860073, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – Potato blight breaks out in Ireland, beginning the Great Famine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#July–September", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 9", "text": "9 September – A potato blight breaks out in Ireland, beginning the Great Famine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341030940#Events", "title": "1845 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1341030940, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Great Famine continues in Ireland. The first deaths from hunger take place early in the year and Phytophthora infestans almost totally destroys the summer potato crop.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342482#Date_unknown", "title": "1846", "revid": 1368342482, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Great Famine begins, marking a change in the composition of Irish immigrating to Canada from mostly rich, well-connected, respectable Protestants to vastly poor, ill-equipped, poorly treated Catholics.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349956955#Full_date_unknown", "title": "1846 in Canada", "revid": 1349956955, "section": "Events › Full date unknown"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Ongoing – Great Hunger: The first deaths from hunger take place early in the year. Phytophthora infestans almost totally destroys the summer potato crop and the Famine worsens considerably. By December a third of a million destitute people are employed on public works.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247384561#Events", "title": "1846 in Ireland", "revid": 1247384561, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – Under the leadership of Prime Minister Robert Peel, the House of Commons of the United Kingdom votes to repeal the Corn Laws by passing an Importation Bill, replacing the old colonial mercantile trade system with free trade in response to the Great Famine (Ireland). On June 25 the Duke of Wellington persuades the House of Lords to pass the Act, which will take full effect from February 1849. Peel, however, is forced to resign.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342482#April–June", "title": "1846", "revid": 1368342482, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Great Famine continues in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362575777#Date_unknown", "title": "1847", "revid": 1362575777, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Ongoing – Great Famine. This summer's potato crop is free from blight, but inadequate due to small area sown. The British Relief Association is founded and raises money throughout England, the United States and Australia, with the help of the \"Queen's Letters\", two letters from Queen Victoria appealing for money to relieve the distress in Ireland. A group of Native American Choctaw is among those contributing to the relief effort. The Central Relief Committee of the Society of Friends (Quakers) also assists, but there are claims of \"Souperism\" (the provision of food in combination with proselytization) by other Protestant sectarian groups.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360407146#Events", "title": "1847 in Ireland", "revid": 1360407146, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Ongoing – Great Famine (Ireland): this summer's potato crop is free from blight, but inadequate due to the small area sown. The British Relief Association is founded and raises money throughout England, the United States and Australia to relieve distress, with the help of the \"Queen's Letters\", two letters from Queen Victoria appealing for assistance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367176446#Undated", "title": "1847 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1367176446, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February", "text": "February–September – soup kitchens system established under the Temporary Relief Act (\"Soup Kitchen\" or \"Burgoyne's\" Act); famine at its height.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360407146#Events", "title": "1847 in Ireland", "revid": 1360407146, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 24", "text": "24 March (starting 12 midday) – National Day of Fast and Humiliation for the Great Famine is held across the UK by royal proclamation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360407146#Events", "title": "1847 in Ireland", "revid": 1360407146, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 24", "text": "24 March – (Starting 12 midday) – National Day of Fast and Humiliation for the Great Famine (Ireland) is held across the UK by royal proclamation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367176446#Events", "title": "1847 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1367176446, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Great Famine (Ireland) (1845–52).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#Ongoing_events", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › Ongoing events"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Ongoing – Great Famine: Potato blight returns and outbreaks of cholera are reported.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247384579#Events", "title": "1848 in Ireland", "revid": 1247384579, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "July", "text": "July – Great Famine (Ireland): Potato blight has returned and outbreaks of cholera are reported. Famine victims on outdoor relief peak this month at almost 840,000 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360411090#Events", "title": "1848 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1360411090, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1849, "year_label": "1849 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 21", "text": "21 April – Great Famine (Ireland): 96 inmates of the overcrowded Ballinrobe Union Workhouse die over the course of the preceding week from illness and other famine-related conditions, a record high. This year's potato crop again fails and there are renewed outbreaks of cholera.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341599008#Events", "title": "1849 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1341599008, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1849, "year_label": "1849 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – Great Famine (Ireland): 96 inmates of the overcrowded Ballinrobe Union Workhouse died over the course of the preceding week from illness and other famine-related conditions, a record high.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362576929#April–June", "title": "1849", "revid": 1362576929, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1849, "year_label": "1849 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 29", "text": "April 29 – Brig Hannah carrying emigrants from Newry in Ireland fleeing the Great Famine to Canada hits ice and sinks in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and her senior officers abandon the passengers to their fate. Around one-third of those on board, 49, die.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349957043#Events", "title": "1849 in Canada", "revid": 1349957043, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Ongoing – Great Famine (Ireland) subsides.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#Date_unknown", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Ongoing – Great Famine subsides.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333979579#Events", "title": "1850 in Ireland", "revid": 1333979579, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Great Famine (Ireland), 1845–52.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358777790#Ongoing", "title": "1851", "revid": 1358777790, "section": "Events › Ongoing"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "End of the Great Famine. In the period it has lasted since 1845, one million people have emigrated from Ireland. The Irish now make up a quarter of the population of Liverpool, Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore; and a half of Toronto.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363475327#Events", "title": "1852 in Ireland", "revid": 1363475327, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "End of the Great Famine (Ireland). In the period it has lasted since 1845, one million people have emigrated from Ireland. The Irish now make up a quarter of the population of Liverpool, and the same is true of cities on the east coast of North America.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351818686#Undated", "title": "1852 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1351818686, "section": "Events › Undated"}}]}