{"slug": "gallipoli", "label": "Gallipoli", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallipoli", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192860", "qid": "Q192860", "description": "peninsula in northwestern Turkey", "entries": 17, "years": 17, "span": [-498, 1916], "span_label": ["499 BCE", "1916 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Gallipoli Peninsula", "Thracian Chersonese"], "related": [{"slug": "thrace", "label": "Thrace", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "macedonia-ancient-kingdom", "label": "Macedonia (ancient kingdom)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "euboea", "label": "Euboea", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "anatolia", "label": "Anatolia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "dardanelles", "label": "Dardanelles", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cyprus", "label": "Cyprus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-jerusalem", "label": "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dux", "label": "Dux", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "amalric-of-jerusalem", "label": "Amalric of Jerusalem", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -498, "year_label": "499 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Miltiades the Younger, the ruler of the Thracian Chersonese, which has been under Persian suzerainty since approximately 514 BC, joins the Ionian revolt. He seizes the islands of Lemnos and Imbros from the Persians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129380#Greece", "title": "499 BC", "revid": 1350129380, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -446, "year_label": "447 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Pericles leads Athenian forces in the expulsion of barbarians from the Thracian peninsula of Gallipoli, in order to establish Athenian colonists in the region. Thus Pericles starts a policy of cleruchy (klerouchos) or \"out-settlements\". This is a form of colonisation where poor and unemployed people are assisted to emigrate to new regions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1196799197#Greece", "title": "447 BC", "revid": 1196799197, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -406, "year_label": "407 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The defeat gives the enemies of Alcibiades an excuse to strip him of his command. He never returns again to Athens. He sails north to land he owns in the Thracian Chersonese. Except for a brief appearance at Aegospotami, Alcibiades' involvement in the Peloponnesian War is over.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=996490221#Greece", "title": "407 BC", "revid": 996490221, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -357, "year_label": "358 BCE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Cersobleptes, in conjunction with his brothers, Amadocus II and Berisades, inherits the dominions of the Thracian king, Cotys I, following his murder. However, the overall management of Thracian affairs is assumed by the Euboean adventurer, Charidemus, who is connected by marriage with the royal family, and who plays the prominent part in the ensuing negotiations with Athens for the possession of the Thracian Chersonese.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1135050178#Greece", "title": "358 BC", "revid": 1135050178, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -356, "year_label": "357 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Euboean mercenary Charidemus recaptures the Thracian Chersonese for Athens. He receives, from Athens, a golden crown for his part in the victory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1210250153#Thrace", "title": "357 BC", "revid": 1210250153, "section": "Events › By place › Thrace"}}, {"year": -341, "year_label": "342 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Philip begins a series of campaigns in Thrace with the aim of annexing it to be a province of Macedonia. When the Macedonian army approaches Thracian Chersonese (the Gallipoli Peninsula), an Athenian general named Diopeithes ravages this district of Thrace, thus inciting Philip's rage for operating too near one of his towns in the Chersonese. Philip demands his recall. In response, the Athenian Assembly is convened. Demosthenes convinces the Athenians not to recall Diopeithes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209992354#Macedonia", "title": "342 BC", "revid": 1209992354, "section": "Events › By place › Macedonia"}}, {"year": -308, "year_label": "309 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Lysimachus, the Macedonian ruler of Thrace and one of diadochi, founds the city of Lysimachia on the north-western extremity of the Thracian Chersonese (the modern Gallipoli peninsula) to serve as his capital.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247027805#Thrace", "title": "309 BC", "revid": 1247027805, "section": "Events › By place › Thrace"}}, {"year": -276, "year_label": "277 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Antigonus crosses the Hellespont and defeats the Celts under the command of Cerethrius at the Battle of Lysimachia near Lysimachia at the neck of the Thracian Chersonese. After this success, he is acknowledged by the Macedonians as their king.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1256058749#Greece", "title": "277 BC", "revid": 1256058749, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -189, "year_label": "190 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "For assisting the Romans in defeating Antiochus III, Eumenes II of Pergamum is rewarded with a great increase in territory. He is given control over the Thracian Chersonese (the modern Gallipoli peninsula) and over most of the former Seleucid possessions in Anatolia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342606670#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "190 BC", "revid": 1342606670, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": 1171, "year_label": "1171 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – King Amalric I of Jerusalem departs with a large staff for Constantinople. At Callipolis he is met by his father-in-law, John Doukas Komnenos, military governor (doux) of Cyprus. Amalric enters the Byzantine capital and is welcomed by Manuel I. In June, a treaty is signed, Amalric recognizes Manuel's suzerainty over Jerusalem.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362165802#Levant", "title": "1171", "revid": 1362165802, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1190, "year_label": "1190 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March", "text": "March – Frederick I leaves Adrianople to Gallipoli at the Dardanelles to embark, with the help of Byzantine transports, to cross into Asia Minor. On April 25, he enters territory of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum under the rule of Sultan Kilij Arslan II. Although promised to let the German Crusaders pass peaceably through his domains, Kilij Arslan harasses Frederick's forces with hit-and-run attacks. On May 7, a Turkish army (some 10,000 men) is defeated at the Battle of Philomelion, by 2,000 Crusaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650742#Third_Crusade", "title": "1190", "revid": 1368650742, "section": "Events › By place › Third Crusade"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December – Roger de Flor, Italian nobleman and adventurer, settles with the Catalan Company in Gallipoli and other towns in the southern part of Thrace and visits Constantinople to demand payment for his forces. He lives at the expense of the local population and uses the city as a base for his marauding raids in the surrounding area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#October_–_December", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1312, "year_label": "1312 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Battle of Gallipoli: A combined Byzantine-Serbian force (supported by a Genoese fleet) defeats the Turcopoles (some 2,000 men) at Gallipoli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362487312#Europe", "title": "1312", "revid": 1362487312, "section": "By place (date unknown) › Europe"}}, {"year": 1352, "year_label": "1352 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Süleyman Pasha (son of Orhan) is probably granted control of Çimpe Castle on the Gallipoli peninsula by Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, the first territory west of the Bosporus held by the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1294629592#Date_unknown", "title": "1352", "revid": 1294629592, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1354, "year_label": "1354 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – During the night between 1 and 2 March, a strong earthquake destroyed the city of Gallipoli and its city walls, weakening its defenses, along with destroying the neighboring villages and towns in the area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325866553#January–December", "title": "1354", "revid": 1325866553, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – WWI: Start of the Gallipoli Campaign by land forces (lasting until January 1916) – A landing at Anzac Cove is conducted by Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, and a landing at Cape Helles by British and French troops, to begin the Allied invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#April", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 9", "text": "January 9 – WWI: Gallipoli Campaign – The last British troops are evacuated from Gallipoli, as the Ottoman Empire prevails over a joint British and French operation to capture Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#January", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › January"}}]}