{"slug": "eritrea", "label": "Eritrea", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritrea", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986", "qid": "Q986", "description": "country in the Horn of Africa", "entries": 13, "years": 13, "span": [960, 2018], "span_label": ["960 CE", "2018 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "ethiopia", "label": "Ethiopia", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy", "label": "Kingdom of Italy", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "benito-mussolini", "label": "Benito Mussolini", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ethiopian-empire", "label": "Ethiopian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-aksum", "label": "Kingdom of Aksum", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 960, "year_label": "960 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Kingdom of Aksum (modern Eritrea) is destroyed by Beta Israel invaders, under the leadership of Queen Gudit (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272128#Africa", "title": "960", "revid": 1365272128, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia, signs a treaty of amity with Italy, giving Italy control over what will become Eritrea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#May", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony in the Horn of Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#January", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1895, "year_label": "1895 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – Battle of Coatit between Italy and Ethiopian proxies led by Tigrian warlord Ras Mengesha Yohannes in what is now Eritrea. It was the opening battle of the First Italo–Ethiopian War, and was a significant victory for the Italians, as they rebuffed an invasion force.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310097137#January", "title": "1895 in Italy", "revid": 1310097137, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1936, "year_label": "1936 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – Speaking in Rome, Benito Mussolini announces the foundation of the empire, as Italian East Africa is formed from the Italian territories of Eritrea, Ethiopia and Italian Somaliland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373216494#May–June", "title": "1936", "revid": 1373216494, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1937, "year_label": "1937 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Yekatit 12: During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, two Eritrean nationalists attempt to kill viceroy Rodolfo Graziani with a number of grenades. Italian security guards fire into the crowd of Ethiopian onlookers. Authorities exact further reprisals, which include indiscriminately slaughtering native Ethiopians over the next 3 days, detaining thousands of Ethiopians at Danan and slaughtering almost 300 monks at the Debre Libanos Monastery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371759714#February", "title": "1937", "revid": 1371759714, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 - The Eritrean Liberation Front was founded, with the goal of liberating Eritrea from the rule of Ethiopia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1313861204#July", "title": "1960 in Ethiopia", "revid": 1313861204, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – Eritrean War of Independence – Battle of Afabet: The Nadew Command, an Ethiopian army corps in Eritrea, is attacked on 3 sides by military units of the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#March", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 6", "text": "May 6 – A large Eritrean mechanized force enters Badme in Tigray Region, Ethiopia, resulting in the Eritrean–Ethiopian War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#May", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 20", "text": "20 February –Thousands of Ethiopian troops begin withdrawing from Eritrea after a successful peace agreement after the Eritrean-Ethiopian War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305821236#February", "title": "2001 in Ethiopia", "revid": 1305821236, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2005, "year_label": "2005 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January 2", "text": "2 January – Over 50,000 people demonstrate in the capital of Addis Ababa against government plans to renew talks on the border with Eritrea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305821769#January", "title": "2005 in Ethiopia", "revid": 1305821769, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – Kenyan football team is defeated by Eritrea, 0–1, at the African Nations cup qualifier in Asmara, Eritrea. Following the result, Kenya can not qualify for the finals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372057667#April_–_June", "title": "2007 in Kenya", "revid": 1372057667, "section": "Sports › April – June"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – Eritrea and Ethiopia officially declare an end to their twenty-year conflict.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#July", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › July"}}]}