{"slug": "empire-of-japan", "label": "Empire of Japan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_of_Japan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188712", "qid": "Q188712", "description": "empire in the Asia-Pacific region from 1868 to 1947", "entries": 25, "years": 19, "span": [1890, 1945], "span_label": ["1890 CE", "1945 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 15}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Imperial Japan", "Imperial Japanese"], "related": [{"slug": "qing-dynasty", "label": "Qing dynasty", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "manchuria", "label": "Manchuria", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "russian-empire", "label": "Russian Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "french-third-republic", "label": "French Third Republic", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "new-hampshire", "label": "New Hampshire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "theodore-roosevelt", "label": "Theodore Roosevelt", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy", "label": "Kingdom of Italy", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "myanmar", "label": "Myanmar", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thailand", "label": "Thailand", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bangkok", "label": "Bangkok", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "allies-of-world-war-ii", "label": "Allies of World War II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "yangon", "label": "Yangon", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – 1890 Japanese general election; Empire of Japan’s first general election for members of the House of Representatives of the Diet of Japan. It was the first example of a popularly elected national assembly in Asia", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1279198993#Events", "title": "1890 in Japan", "revid": 1279198993, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1892, "year_label": "1892 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Samoa changes its time zone from 4 hours ahead of Japan to being 3 hours behind California, such that it crosses the International Date Line, and Monday, July 4 occurs twice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372569087#July", "title": "1892", "revid": 1372569087, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1894, "year_label": "1894 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – War is declared between the Qing Empire of China and the Empire of Japan over their rival claims of influence on their common ally, the Joseon dynasty of Korea. The event marks the start of the First Sino-Japanese War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369810485#August", "title": "1894", "revid": 1369810485, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1895, "year_label": "1895 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 23", "text": "October 23 – The city of Tainan, last stronghold of the Republic of Formosa, capitulates to the forces of the Empire of Japan, ending the short-lived republic, and beginning the era of Taiwan under Japanese rule.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364324653#October", "title": "1895", "revid": 1364324653, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The United Kingdom, Germany and Japan protest the Sino-Russian agreement on Manchuria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318021#March", "title": "1901", "revid": 1373318021, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – The Boxer Protocol is signed between the Qing Empire of China and the Eight-Nation Alliance. Japan is represented by the Minister for Foreign Affairs Komura Jutarō.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366302500#Events", "title": "1901 in Japan", "revid": 1366302500, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Hakkōda Mountains incident: A snowstorm in the Hakkōda Mountains of northern Honshu, Japan, kills 199 during a military training exercise.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318639#January", "title": "1902", "revid": 1373318639, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1905, "year_label": "1905 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – Russo-Japanese War: Treaty of Portsmouth – In New Hampshire, a treaty mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt is signed by Japan and Russia. Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin together with port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373341358#September", "title": "1905", "revid": 1373341358, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1905, "year_label": "1905 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – Russo-Japanese War – Treaty of Portsmouth: In New Hampshire, a treaty mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt is signed by Japan and Russia. Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330942510#Events", "title": "1905 in Russia", "revid": 1330942510, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1906, "year_label": "1906 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – A United States diplomatic crisis with Japan arises when the San Francisco public school board orders Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools (it is resolved by next year).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373343237#September–October", "title": "1906", "revid": 1373343237, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1907, "year_label": "1907 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907 brings the government and military of the protectorate of Korea more firmly under Japanese control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373349351#July", "title": "1907", "revid": 1373349351, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1909, "year_label": "1909 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September 4", "text": "September 4 – Japan and China sign the Gando Convention, which gives Japan a way to receive railroad concessions in Manchuria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373420847#September–October", "title": "1909", "revid": 1373420847, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1910, "year_label": "1910 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, by which the Empire of Japan formally annexes the Korean Empire, is signed (it becomes effectively void in 1945, which is formally recognised in 1965).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373495790#August", "title": "1910", "revid": 1373495790, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 8", "text": "January 8 — Imperial Japanese government issues the Twenty-One Demands to the Chinese", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1243750048#Events", "title": "1915 in China", "revid": 1243750048, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1921, "year_label": "1921 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 13", "text": "December 13 – In the Four-Power Treaty on Insular Possessions, Japan, the United States, United Kingdom, and France agree to recognize the status quo in the Pacific.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366308055#Events", "title": "1921 in Japan", "revid": 1366308055, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1922, "year_label": "1922 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – The Five Power Naval Disarmament Treaty is signed between the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, France and Italy. Japan returns some of its control over the Shandong Peninsula to China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983934#February", "title": "1922", "revid": 1369983934, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1922, "year_label": "1922 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Washington Naval Treaty signed between the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, France and Italy. Japan returns some of its control over the Shandong Peninsula to China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366308085#Events", "title": "1922 in Japan", "revid": 1366308085, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1922, "year_label": "1922 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 28", "text": "August 28 – Japan agrees to withdraw its troops from Siberia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369983934#August", "title": "1922", "revid": 1369983934, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – Toranomon Incident: In Tokyo, Crown Prince Hirohito of Japan survives an assassination attempt by communist student Daisuke Nanba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#November–December", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1930, "year_label": "1930 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 27", "text": "October 27 – Ratifications are exchanged in London on the first London Naval Treaty signed in April, modifying the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922. Its arms limitation provisions go into effect immediately, hence putting more limits on the expensive naval arms race between its five signatories (the United Kingdom, the United States, the Empire of Japan, France and Italy.)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373315156#October", "title": "1930", "revid": 1373315156, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – The Vichy Regime signs the Protocol Concerning Joint Defense and Joint Military Cooperation with the Empire of Japan, giving the Japanese a total of 8 airfields, allowing them greater troop presence, and the use of the Indochinese financial system, in return for continued French autonomy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#July", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – The Hull note (Outline of Proposed Basis for Agreement Between the United States and Japan), named for Secretary of State Cordell Hull, is delivered to the Empire of Japan by the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#November", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1943, "year_label": "1943 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 17", "text": "October 17 – The Burma Railway is completed between Bangkok, Thailand and Rangoon, Burma (modern-day Myanmar) (415 km) by the Empire of Japan, to support its forces in the Burma campaign, using the forced labour of Asian civilians and Allied Prisoners of war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373526844#October", "title": "1943", "revid": 1373526844, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – The Empire of Japan establishes the Empire of Vietnam, a puppet state which will last only until August 23, with Bảo Đại as its ruler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#March", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 30", "text": "August 30 – Liberation of Hong Kong from Japanese control, when the British Royal Navy returns Hong Kong to its interrupted British colonial status (1841–1997).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#August", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › August"}}]}