{"slug": "elizabeth-ii", "label": "Elizabeth II", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9682", "qid": "Q9682", "description": "Queen of the United Kingdom from 1952 to 2022 (1926–2022)", "entries": 37, "years": 30, "span": [683, 2022], "span_label": ["683 CE", "2022 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 9}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 7}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Births", "count": 4}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom", "Elizabeth II", "Queen Elizabeth II"], "related": [{"slug": "prince-philip-duke-of-edinburgh", "label": "Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "george-vi", "label": "George VI", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "westminster-abbey", "label": "Westminster Abbey", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "united-kingdom", "label": "United Kingdom", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "commonwealth-realm", "label": "Commonwealth realm", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "monarchy-of-the-united-kingdom", "label": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "charles-iii", "label": "Charles III", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "windsor-castle", "label": "Windsor Castle", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom", "label": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "president-of-the-united-states", "label": "President of the United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "donald-trump", "label": "Donald Trump", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 683, "year_label": "683 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "K'inich Janaab' Pakal (\"Pacal the Great\"), ruler (ajaw) of the Maya state of Palenque (Mexico), dies after a 68-year reign. He is buried in the Temple of the Inscriptions. He is the longest-reigning monarch in the world until Louis XIV breaks that record in 1711, almost 1028 years later and remains the longest-reigning monarch in the Americas until Elizabeth II breaks that record in 2020, almost 1337 years later", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367313750#Mesoamerica", "title": "683", "revid": 1367313750, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 1897, "year_label": "1897 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 22", "text": "June 22 – The British Empire celebrates Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, marking the 60th year of her reign. No other British monarch will celebrate such a jubilee until Victoria's great-great-granddaughter Elizabeth II in 2012.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362850810#June", "title": "1897", "revid": 1362850810, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1921, "year_label": "1921 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Greek-born member of the British royal family as consort of Queen Elizabeth II (d. 2021)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#June", "title": "1921", "revid": 1371086035, "section": "Births › June"}}, {"year": 1926, "year_label": "1926 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (d. 2022)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503199#April", "title": "1926", "revid": 1373503199, "section": "Births › April"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 4", "text": "March 4 – In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth II), joins the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) as a truck driver/mechanic in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#March", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – King George VI of the United Kingdom announces the engagement of his daughter Princess Elizabeth to Lt. Philip Mountbatten.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#July", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh: Princess Elizabeth (later Elizabeth II), the daughter of George VI of the United Kingdom, marries The Duke of Edinburgh at Westminster Abbey in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#November", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – Anne, Princess Royal, British royal, daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371638577#August", "title": "1950", "revid": 1371638577, "section": "Births › August"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British Dominions: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan and Ceylon. The princess, who is on a visit to Kenya when she hears of the death of her father, King George VI, aged 56, takes the regnal name Elizabeth II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#January–February", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 6", "text": "6 February- George VI, King of Pakistan, dies at Sandringham House aged 56. Queen Elizabeth II becomes Queen of Pakistan", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363096995#January–March", "title": "1952 in Pakistan", "revid": 1363096995, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 2", "text": "2 June – Elizabeth II's coronation as Queen of Australia takes place at Westminster Abbey", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321727252#Events", "title": "1953 in Australia", "revid": 1321727252, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 2", "text": "2 June – Elizabeth II crowned as Queen of New Zealand at Westminster Abbey in London", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358090945#Events", "title": "1953 in New Zealand", "revid": 1358090945, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom announces that she is giving her son Prince Charles the customary title for the heir apparent of Prince of Wales. The announcement is made at the end of the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, held in Cardiff.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#July", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Elizabeth II (as monarch of Canada) and United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower open the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370221732#June", "title": "1959", "revid": 1370221732, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, British former prince and second son of Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#February", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Births › February"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 - Sierra Leone gains its independence from Britain as a Commonwealth realm with Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Sierra Leone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267493232#April", "title": "1961 in Sierra Leone", "revid": 1267493232, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – Elizabeth II and The Duke of Edinburgh begin an 8-day visit to Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#October", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Alexei Kosygin arrives in the UK for an 8-day visit. He meets The Queen on February 9.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#February", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "February", "text": "February – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom made her first official visit to Malaysia. She visited General Hospital at Kota Kinabalu. The hospital was then renamed in her honour (Hospital Queen Elizabeth). It is the only hospital in Malaysia named after her.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373376599#Events", "title": "1972 in Malaysia", "revid": 1373376599, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – The Sydney Opera House in Australia is opened by Queen Elizabeth II after 14 years of construction work.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#October", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – Queen Elizabeth II attends the millennium celebrations of the Isle of Man's Parliament, Tynwald.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#July", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 13", "text": "June 13 – At the Trooping the Colour ceremony in London, teenager Marcus Sarjeant fires 6 blank shots close to Queen Elizabeth II, startling her horse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369107326#June", "title": "1981", "revid": 1369107326, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Docklands Light Railway in London, the first driverless railway in Great Britain, is formally opened by Queen Elizabeth II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769014#July", "title": "1987", "revid": 1372769014, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February", "text": "1–16 February: Her Majesty Elizabeth II of New Zealand visits.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373465613#February", "title": "1990 in New Zealand", "revid": 1373465613, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Elizabeth II becomes the first British monarch to address the U.S. Congress during a 13-day royal visit in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#May", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – The Ruby Jubilee of Elizabeth II commemorates 40 years since the accession of Elizabeth II as Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#February", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – In the UK, Queen Elizabeth II issues letters patent on divorced former wives of British princes, taking away from the ex-wives the attribute and style of Royal Highness. With that Sarah, Duchess of York as well as Diana, Princess of Wales legally cease to be Royals, but they remain as non-royal Duchess and Princess.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#August", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, 71, British royal and sister of Queen Elizabeth II, stroke.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370833430", "title": "Deaths in February 2002", "revid": 1370833430, "section": "Deaths › February"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "January 8", "text": "January 8 – The RMS Queen Mary 2, at the time the largest ocean liner ever built, is christened by its namesake's granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#January", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 6", "text": "6 January – Prime Minister Portia Simpson-Miller announces that the country is to become a republic, with plans to remove Queen Elizabeth II as head of state and the Jamaican monarchy in general.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371318046#Events", "title": "2012 in Jamaica", "revid": 1371318046, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – The Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II commemorates 60 years since the accession of Elizabeth II as Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#February", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2019, "year_label": "2019 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3–5 – U.S. President Donald Trump makes a state visit to the U.K., meeting with Queen Elizabeth II and outgoing Prime Minister Theresa May. It is the first official state visit to the U.K. by a sitting U.S. president since 2011. Trump also attends D-Day commemorative ceremonies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373255188#June", "title": "2019", "revid": 1373255188, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 15", "text": "15 September - Barbados Governor General Sandra Mason, delivering a speech on behalf of Prime Minister Mia Mottley, announced Barbados' intention of removing Queen Elizabeth II as the country's head of state and to become a republic in November 2021.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1241640450#Events", "title": "2020 in Barbados", "revid": 1241640450, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 8", "text": "8 September – Accession of Charles III as King of Belize following the death of Queen Elizabeth II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1241820696#Events", "title": "2022 in Belize", "revid": 1241820696, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and 14 other Commonwealth realms dies at Balmoral Castle in Scotland at the age of 96. Her son Charles III succeeds her as King.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#September", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Queen Elizabeth II, 96, British monarch and head of the Commonwealth (since 1952).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372366556", "title": "Deaths in September 2022", "revid": 1372366556, "section": "Deaths › September"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 19", "text": "September 19 – The state funeral of Elizabeth II is held in Westminster Abbey, London. Her coffin is then taken by procession to Windsor Castle for burial with her husband, parents and sister in the King George VI Memorial Chapel. The funeral is speculated to be the most watched television event in world history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#September", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › September"}}]}