{"slug": "electorate-of-hanover", "label": "Electorate of Hanover", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electorate_of_Hanover", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706018", "qid": "Q706018", "description": "former principality of the Holy Roman Empire", "entries": 17, "years": 14, "span": [1698, 1805], "span_label": ["1698 CE", "1805 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Elector of Hanover"], "related": [{"slug": "george-ii-of-great-britain", "label": "George II of Great Britain", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "war-of-the-austrian-succession", "label": "War of the Austrian Succession", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-great-britain", "label": "Kingdom of Great Britain", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "old-style-and-new-style-dates", "label": "Old Style and New Style dates", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "bavaria", "label": "Bavaria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "hesse", "label": "Hesse", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "prussia", "label": "Prussia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "king-of-the-romans", "label": "King of the Romans", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "joseph-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dutch-republic", "label": "Dutch Republic", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – George Louis becomes Elector of Hanover upon the death of his father, Ernest Augustus. Because the widow of Ernest Augustus, George's mother Sophia, was heiress presumptive as the cousin of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, and Anne's closest eligible heir, George will become King of Great Britain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#January–March", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1729, "year_label": "1729 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Caroline, Queen Consort becomes the first person to rule Great Britain as regent under the Regency Acts, beginning service as the acting monarch when her husband King George II departs Britain for Germany, where he is the Elector of Hanover. Caroline rules until George's return in October.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368871381#April–June", "title": "1729", "revid": 1368871381, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1729, "year_label": "1729 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 17", "text": "17 May – Caroline, Queen Consort becomes the first person to rule Great Britain as regent under the Regency Acts, beginning service as the acting monarch when her husband King George II departs Britain for the Electorate of Hanover. Caroline rules until his return in October.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275835699#Events", "title": "1729 in Great Britain", "revid": 1275835699, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1736, "year_label": "1736 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 22", "text": "May 22 – King George II of Great Britain departs for Europe as part of his duties as Elector of Hanover; his wife, Caroline, Queen Consort rules on his behalf as the Regent for the last time until his return on January 14, 1736.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360559528#April–June", "title": "1736", "revid": 1360559528, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1741, "year_label": "1741 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – War of the Austrian Succession: King George II of Great Britain orders the British Army to prepare for an invasion of Prussia to defend his Electorate of Hanover.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360183595#April–June", "title": "1741", "revid": 1360183595, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 (June 16 O.S.) – War of the Austrian Succession – Battle of Dettingen in Bavaria: British forces, in alliance with those of Hanover and Hesse, defeat a French army under the duc de Noailles; King George II of Great Britain (and Elector of Brunswick) leads his own troops, the last British king to do so.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360887949#April–June", "title": "1743", "revid": 1360887949, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 27", "text": "27 June (16 June O.S.) – War of the Austrian Succession: Battle of Dettingen in Bavaria – British forces, including the Royal Scots Greys, the Scots Guards and the Royal Scots Fusiliers, in alliance with those of Hanover and Hesse, defeat the French; King George II of Great Britain (and Elector of Brunswick) leads his own troops, the last reigning British monarch to participate in a battle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353738401#Events", "title": "1743 in Scotland", "revid": 1353738401, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1746, "year_label": "1746 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – War of the Austrian Succession – Battle of Rocoux: The French army defeats the allied Austrian, British, Hanoveran and Dutch army in Rocourt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360271173#October–December", "title": "1746", "revid": 1360271173, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The Electorate of Hanover (now occupied by most of the northwestern German state of Niedersachsen or Lower Saxony) issues a decree banishing all adherents of the Moravian Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361284371#October–December", "title": "1748", "revid": 1361284371, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1755, "year_label": "1755 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – Sir Charles Hanbury-Williams, the new British Minister to Russia, secures an alliance signed by Empress Catherine the Great. The Russian Empire agrees to provide up to 55,000 troops to defend the Electorate of Hanover against invasion by Prussia. At the time, King George II of Great Britain is also the ruler of the German duchy; the Russian troops are provided in return for an annual payment of £600,000.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360194188#July–September", "title": "1755", "revid": 1360194188, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1755, "year_label": "1755 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 20", "text": "20 November – William Pitt the Elder is dismissed from the position of Paymaster of the Forces while Henry Bilson Legge resigns as Chancellor of the Exchequer and George Grenville as Treasurer of the Navy in protest over payments made to Russia to protect Hanover.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360195170#Events", "title": "1755 in Great Britain", "revid": 1360195170, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1756, "year_label": "1756 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Electorate of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349937992#January–March", "title": "1756", "revid": 1349937992, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1757, "year_label": "1757 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – The Convention of Klosterzeven is signed at the Lower Saxony town of Bremervörde by the Duke of Cumberland following his defeat at Hastenbeck. The treaty provides for the army of the Electorate of Hanover to be reduced to a token force and for the French Army to occupy Hanover and most of northwest Germany. At the time, King George II of Great Britain is also the Elector of Hanover, and it is later said that \"The terms proved worse than either George or his ministers had wanted or expected.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370632620#July–September", "title": "1757", "revid": 1370632620, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1760, "year_label": "1760 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 25", "text": "25 October – King George II of Great Britain (born 1683, Hanover)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343820738#Deaths", "title": "1760 in Great Britain", "revid": 1343820738, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1761, "year_label": "1761 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "15–16 July – Seven Years' War: a combined Prussian-Hanoverian-British force led by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick defeats a large French army at the Battle of Villinghausen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325432011#Events", "title": "1761 in Great Britain", "revid": 1325432011, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1764, "year_label": "1764 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – The prince-electors, a group of nine German princes who select the next leader of the Holy Roman Empire, vote for the last time as the health of the Emperor Francis I declines. The electors (including Britain's King George III, who also rules as Elector of Hanover) approve Francis's son, Prince Joseph of Austria as King of the Romans. Upon the death of Francis in 1765, Prince Joseph becomes the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363539304#January–June", "title": "1764", "revid": 1363539304, "section": "Events › January–June"}}, {"year": 1805, "year_label": "1805 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Hanover Expedition - alliance occupation of the Electorate of Hanover", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367238607#Events", "title": "1805 in Russia", "revid": 1367238607, "section": "Events"}}]}