{"slug": "denmarknorway", "label": "Denmark–Norway", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62651", "qid": "Q62651", "description": "political union (1524–1814)", "entries": 71, "years": 50, "span": [1513, 1814], "span_label": ["1513 CE", "1814 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 30}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 22}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 7}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Denmark-Norway"], "related": [{"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "swedish-empire", "label": "Swedish Empire", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "great-northern-war", "label": "Great Northern War", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "peter-the-great", "label": "Peter the Great", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "augustus-ii-the-strong", "label": "Augustus II the Strong", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "old-style-and-new-style-dates", "label": "Old Style and New Style dates", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "dutch-republic", "label": "Dutch Republic", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "polishlithuanian-commonwealth", "label": "Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "electorate-of-saxony", "label": "Electorate of Saxony", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "king-of-poland", "label": "King of Poland", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "saaremaa", "label": "Saaremaa", "shared": 3}], "items": [{"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – Christian II becomes King of Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#July–September", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1524, "year_label": "1524 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 11", "text": "11 September – Treaty of Malmö signed with Denmark–Norway, ending the Swedish War of Liberation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367227767#Events", "title": "1524 in Sweden", "revid": 1367227767, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1560, "year_label": "1560 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 15", "text": "April 15 – Denmark–Norway buys the Estonian island of Ösel, from its last prince-bishop.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359957428#April–June", "title": "1560", "revid": 1359957428, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1563, "year_label": "1563 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – At Bornholm, the Danish fleet fires on the Swedish navy, leading to a Danish defeat and precipitating the Northern Seven Years' War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369164885#April–June", "title": "1563", "revid": 1369164885, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1563, "year_label": "1563 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – Northern Seven Years' War: Denmark–Norway and the Free City of Lübeck declare war against the Kingdom of Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369164885#July–September", "title": "1563", "revid": 1369164885, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1569, "year_label": "1569 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October", "text": "October - Denmark–Norway besieges Varberg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371317778#Events", "title": "1569 in Sweden", "revid": 1371317778, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1588, "year_label": "1588 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Christian IV becomes king of Denmark–Norway, upon the death of his father, Frederick II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362479687#April–June", "title": "1588", "revid": 1362479687, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April", "text": "April – The Kalmar War begins as Denmark-Norway declares war upon Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338554744#Events", "title": "1611 in Denmark", "revid": 1338554744, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Denmark-Norway declares war on Sweden, then captures Kalmar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#April–June", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1641, "year_label": "1641 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 18", "text": "18 March – The first diplomatic relations between Denmark-Norway and Portugal are established when Portuguese diplomats Francisco de Sousa Coutinho and António Moniz de Carvalho are sent to Copenhagen. Christian IV chose not to offer the diplomats a formal audience as he did not wish to compromise the neutrality of Denmark-Norway in the Spain as part of the Restoration War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340193621#Events", "title": "1641 in Denmark", "revid": 1340193621, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1643, "year_label": "1643 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Swedish forces, under the direction of Chancellor Oxenstierna, prepare for the Torstenson War against Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318356785#Undated", "title": "1643 in Sweden", "revid": 1318356785, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1643, "year_label": "1643 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – Swedish Field Marshal Lennart Torstensson's forces enter Danish territory in Holstein, beginning the Torstenson War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340617365#October–December", "title": "1643", "revid": 1340617365, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "the Torstenson War breaks out between Denmark–Norway and Sweden. It was resolved by the Second Treaty of Brömsebro in 1645.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342370412#Undated", "title": "1644 in Denmark", "revid": 1342370412, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – Torstenson War: Battle of Colberger Heide – The Dano-Norwegian and Swedish fleets fight a naval battle off the coast of Schleswig-Holstein. The battle is indecisive but represents a minor success for the Dano-Norwegian fleet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560996#July–September", "title": "1644", "revid": 1369560996, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 13", "text": "13 August - The Treaty of Brömsebro is signed between Sweden and Denmark–Norway, ending the Torstenson War and ceding Jemtland, Herjedalen, Gotland and Ösel (Saaremaa) to Sweden, which also holds the province of Halland for a period of 30 years, as a guarantee.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1278747232#Events", "title": "1645 in Sweden", "revid": 1278747232, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 (August 13 Old Style) – The Treaty of Brömsebro is signed between Sweden and Denmark–Norway, ending the Torstenson War and ceding Jemtland, Herjedalen, Gotland and Ösel (Saaremaa) to Sweden, which also holds the province of Halland for a period of 30 years, as a guarantee.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#July–September", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1647, "year_label": "1647 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 2", "text": "2 June – Crown-Prince Christian dies, leading to a succession crisis in Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340181622#Events", "title": "1647 in Denmark", "revid": 1340181622, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1650, "year_label": "1650 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Christina, Queen of Sweden, who has been the legal ruler of Sweden for almost 18 years, has an elaborate coronation ceremony at the castle of Jacobsdal near Stockholm. The coronation had originally been planned for her 18th birthday in 1644 but was delayed by a war with Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373388330#October–December", "title": "1650", "revid": 1373388330, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1655, "year_label": "1655 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Paul Kurtz comes to Denmark from Germany where he later becomes Goldsmith to the Danish-Norwegian Court", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339887674#Undated", "title": "1655 in Denmark", "revid": 1339887674, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Just six months after winning territory from Denmark-Norway in war and subsequent treaty, Sweden's King Charles X Gustav declares a second war against Denmark. By August 11, the King's troops have surrounded Denmark's capital, Copenhagen, while the Swedish Navy blocks the harbor to prevent the city from being resupplied, and begins bombardment.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986033#July–September", "title": "1658", "revid": 1365986033, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – The Rigsraad (High Council) of Denmark is abolished and Denmark-Norway becomes an absolute monarchy as King Frederik III is recognized by the nobility as being entitled to have his throne passed to his descendants by hereditary monarchy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986539#October–December", "title": "1660", "revid": 1365986539, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1661, "year_label": "1661 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 14", "text": "14 February - A common Supreme Court is established for Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330792183#Events", "title": "1661 in Norway", "revid": 1330792183, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1667, "year_label": "1667 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Second Anglo-Dutch War – The Treaty of Breda ends the war by England against the Dutch Republic, France and Denmark and Norway. In the Americas, the Dutch retain control of Surinam, the English retain New Netherland and the French Acadia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989201#July–September", "title": "1667", "revid": 1365989201, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1667, "year_label": "1667 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 31", "text": "31 July – Denmark-Norway signs an agreement with England as part of the Treaty of Breda (1667), ending the Second Anglo-Dutch War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352107998", "title": "1667 in Denmark", "revid": 1352107998, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – Christian V becomes the king of Denmark-Norway upon the death of his father, Frederick III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#January–March", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1673, "year_label": "1673 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – The Netherlands and Denmark-Norway sign a defense treaty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992268#July–September", "title": "1673", "revid": 1365992268, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – Scanian War: Battle of Öland – A combined fleet of the Dutch Republic and Denmark–Norway decisively defeats the Swedish Navy, which loses its flagship Kronan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#April–June", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1676, "year_label": "1676 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 17", "text": "August 17 – Battle of Halmstad (fought at Fyllebro): Sweden gains a decisive victory over Denmark–Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992596#July–September", "title": "1676", "revid": 1365992596, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "22–24 September – Invasion of Rügen, the allied forces of Denmark-Norway and Brandenburg-Prussia occupy Rügen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339176073#Scanian_War", "title": "1678 in Denmark", "revid": 1339176073, "section": "Events › Scanian War"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Christian V established the Barony of Rosendal (Baroniet Rosendal). It was and remained the only fief barony in Norway, during the union with Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330785223#Events", "title": "1678 in Norway", "revid": 1330785223, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 18", "text": "18 January – Battle of Warksow, the Swedish navy defeats the forces of Denmark-Norway and Brandenburg-Prussia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339176073#Scanian_War", "title": "1678 in Denmark", "revid": 1339176073, "section": "Events › Scanian War"}}, {"year": 1679, "year_label": "1679 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 16", "text": "16 September (O.S.) / 26 September – The Peace of Lund ends the Scanian War between Denmark-Norway and the Swedish Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340556120#Events", "title": "1679 in Sweden", "revid": 1340556120, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1679, "year_label": "1679 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 12", "text": "October 12 – Representatives of the Dutch Republic and the Kingdom of Sweden sign the last of the nine Treaties of Nijmegen, ending the last of the conflicts that began during the Franco-Dutch War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366669253#October–December", "title": "1679", "revid": 1366669253, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Kingo's hymnal is approved by the crown for use in Denmark–Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347775825#Date_unknown", "title": "1699 in Denmark", "revid": 1347775825, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – Christian V, King of Denmark–Norway since 1670, dies and is succeeded by his son, Frederick IV (to 1730).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560904#July–September", "title": "1699", "revid": 1369560904, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1699, "year_label": "1699 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye, negotiated by Johann Patkul, is signed at a palace of the Tsar of Russia Peter the Great, and representatives of Augustus the Strong, Elector of Saxony, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony to provide for the partition of Swedish Empire between Saxony, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Kingdoms of Denmark-Norway and the Russian Empire. The attack on Sweden, which takes place on February 22, starts the Great Northern War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560904#October–December", "title": "1699", "revid": 1369560904, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – The Great Northern War begins with a joint invasion of Swedish territory in Germany and Latvia by Denmark and Poland/Saxony. Sweden has control of the Baltic Sea and holds territory that includes Finland, Estonia, Latvia and parts of northern Germany. To challenge its power, an alliance is formed between Tsar Peter I of Russia, King Frederick IV of Denmark and Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony. Sweden's ruler is the militaristic Charles XII, known as the \"Swedish Meteor\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323720034#Events", "title": "1700 in Sweden", "revid": 1323720034, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 22", "text": "February 22 (Gregorian), February 12 (Julian) – The Great Northern War begins with a joint invasion of Swedish territory in Germany and Latvia, by Denmark and Poland/Saxony. Sweden has control of the Baltic Sea and holds territory that includes Finland, Estonia, Latvia and parts of northern Germany. To challenge its power, an alliance is formed between Tsar Peter I of Russia, King Frederick IV of Denmark and Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony. Sweden's ruler is the militaristic Charles XII, known as the \"Swedish Meteor\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366570351#January–March", "title": "1700", "revid": 1366570351, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 (Gregorian) – Protestant Germany and Denmark–Norway adopt the Gregorian calendar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366570351#January–March", "title": "1700", "revid": 1366570351, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 (August 7 O.S.) – The Peace of Travendal is concluded between the Swedish Empire, Denmark–Norway and Holstein-Gottorp in Traventhal. On the same day, Augustus II, King of Poland, and Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia, enter the war against Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366570351#July–September", "title": "1700", "revid": 1366570351, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 18", "text": "18 August – The Peace of Travendal is concluded when Denmark–Norway signs a peace treaty at Traventhal House in Holstein. Denmark-Norway has to withdraw from Holstein and Sweden withdraws from Denmark. The peace will last for the next 10 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334565227#Events", "title": "1700 in Norway", "revid": 1334565227, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1700, "year_label": "1700 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 (August 7 OS) – Peace of Travendal concluded between the Swedish Empire, Denmark-Norway and Holstein-Gottorp in Traventhal. On the same day, Augustus II, King of Poland, and Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia, enter the war against Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323720034#Events", "title": "1700 in Sweden", "revid": 1323720034, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – A treaty is signed in Dresden to re-establish an alliance between the Kingdoms of Denmark–Norway and the Electorate of Saxony, on behalf of King Frederik IV of Denmark–Norway and Saxony's King Augustus II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361817608#April–June", "title": "1709", "revid": 1361817608, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1709, "year_label": "1709 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 22", "text": "22 October – The Treaty of Copenhagen renews the alliance between the Russian Empire and Denmark–Norway after it had been destroyed in 1700 with the Peace of Travendal. Denmark–Norway re-enters the Great Northern War as a result.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364834400#Events", "title": "1709 in Denmark", "revid": 1364834400, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1712, "year_label": "1712 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – Great Northern War: the Battle of Fladstrand takes place at sea near Fladstrand, Jylland, between Swedish and Danish forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367964331#April_–June", "title": "1712", "revid": 1367964331, "section": "Events › April –June"}}, {"year": 1716, "year_label": "1716 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 8", "text": "July 8 – The Battle of Dynekilen: The Swedish fleet is defeated by a Danish–Norwegian fleet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360559357#July–September", "title": "1716", "revid": 1360559357, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1719, "year_label": "1719 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Sweden and Denmark-Norway sign an armistice, halting combat in the Great Northern War between them, with final terms agreed to in the Treaty of Frederiksborg on July 3, 1720.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365415998#October–December", "title": "1719", "revid": 1365415998, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1720, "year_label": "1720 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 14", "text": "14 July – Denmark–Norway leaves the Great Northern War after the Treaty of Frederiksborg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369435400#Events", "title": "1720 in Norway", "revid": 1369435400, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1724, "year_label": "1724 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Faroe Islands detach from rule of Denmark–Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341993676#Undated", "title": "1724 in Denmark", "revid": 1341993676, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1731, "year_label": "1731 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Denmark-Norway introduces a new Royal Standard flag.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358446625#Undated", "title": "1731 in Denmark", "revid": 1358446625, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1741, "year_label": "1741 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – Conventicle Act of 1741 is introduced in Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360183595#January–March", "title": "1741", "revid": 1360183595, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1742, "year_label": "1742 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – Denmark-Norway concludes a treaty of friendship with France, a day after the expiration of its 1739 treaty with Great Britain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360184270#January–March", "title": "1742", "revid": 1360184270, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – Denmark-Norway threatens to declare war because their candidate, Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark, was not chosen as heir to the Swedish throne, which result in Sweden having to accept a Russian protective force in Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1279556756#Events", "title": "1743 in Sweden", "revid": 1279556756, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1751, "year_label": "1751 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Lapp Codicil of 1751 is signed, defining the land border between Denmark-Norway and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355059895#Events", "title": "1751 in Denmark", "revid": 1355059895, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1766, "year_label": "1766 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Christian VII becomes King of Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358061260#January–March", "title": "1766", "revid": 1358061260, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1777, "year_label": "1777 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Danish India is turned over to the government by the Danish Asiatic Company and becomes a Danish-Norwegian crown colony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360217017#Undated", "title": "1777 in Denmark", "revid": 1360217017, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1780, "year_label": "1780 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August", "text": "August - Denmark-Norway joins the First League of Armed Neutrality.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342176330#Events", "title": "1780 in Denmark", "revid": 1342176330, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1782, "year_label": "1782 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The anti-union song «Norges Skaal» is first published. It was first written in 1771 by Johan Nordahl Brun.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322353124#Arts_and_literature", "title": "1782 in Norway", "revid": 1322353124, "section": "Arts and literature"}}, {"year": 1786, "year_label": "1786 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – The Kingdom of Denmark-Norway charters six settlements in Iceland to trade with it, thus ending the Danish–Icelandic Trade Monopoly, and founding Reykjavík.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370552329#July–September", "title": "1786", "revid": 1370552329, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 21", "text": "21 August – Theater War: The Swedish attack on Russia caused Denmark-Norway to declare war on Sweden in accordance with its treaty obligations to Russia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362385019#Events", "title": "1788 in Norway", "revid": 1362385019, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1788, "year_label": "1788 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – The Theater War begins, when the army of Denmark–Norway invades Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357260814#July–September", "title": "1788", "revid": 1357260814, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1789, "year_label": "1789 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 9", "text": "9 July – Theater War part of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790): Denmark-Norway agreed to cease active engagement in the conflict. A statement of neutrality was issued by Denmark-Norway, not a formal peace treaty and Denmark-Norway leaves the war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343795250#Events", "title": "1789 in Norway", "revid": 1343795250, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1790, "year_label": "1790 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March", "text": "March – Norwegian merchants meet Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt, as representative of King Gustav III of Sweden, to discuss military hjelp from Sweden to end the Danish-Norwegian union, at Eda, Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1262023986#Events", "title": "1790 in Norway", "revid": 1262023986, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 27", "text": "27 March – Denmark-Norway and Sweden form a neutrality compact.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348222961", "title": "1794 in Denmark", "revid": 1348222961, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "A Census was held in Iceland, along with other parts of the Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330929887#Events", "title": "1801 in Iceland", "revid": 1330929887, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 9", "text": "9 April – A meeting between Crown Prince Frederik and Vice Admiral Lord Nelson at Amalienborg Palace results in a ceasefire. Denmark-Norway has to leave the neutrality pact.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340827107#Events", "title": "1801 in Denmark", "revid": 1340827107, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1808, "year_label": "1808 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 14", "text": "14 March – Denmark-Norway declares war on Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373733383#Events", "title": "1808 in Norway", "revid": 1373733383, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 26", "text": "26 June: Jørgen Jørgensen's Revolution: Danish adventurer Jørgen Jørgensen arrived in Iceland, declared the country independent from Denmark–Norway and pronounced himself its ruler. However, with the arrival of HMS Talbot two months later, Danish rule in Iceland was restored and Jørgensen was arrested.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361197763#Events", "title": "1809 in Iceland", "revid": 1361197763, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The kingdoms of Denmark and Norway were separated by the Treaty of Kiel in 1814 following the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark kept Iceland, as well as Faroe and Greenland, as dependencies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330929934#Events", "title": "1813 in Iceland", "revid": 1330929934, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1814, "year_label": "1814 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Frederick VI ceded Norway to King Charles XIII of Sweden, and the Danish-Norwegian union came to an end, formally ending Norwegian possession of Iceland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330929936#Events", "title": "1814 in Iceland", "revid": 1330929936, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1814, "year_label": "1814 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes the Kingdom of Norway into personal union with Sweden, in exchange for west Pomerania. This marks the end of the real union of Denmark-Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360305709#January", "title": "1814", "revid": 1360305709, "section": "Events › January"}}]}