{"slug": "croatia-in-personal-union-with-hungary", "label": "Croatia in personal union with Hungary", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia_in_personal_union_with_Hungary", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789596", "qid": "Q1789596", "description": "personal union of the Kingdom of Croatia and the Kingdom of Hungary from 1102 to 1526", "entries": 39, "years": 35, "span": [1109, 1522], "span_label": ["1109 CE", "1522 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Births", "count": 12}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Croatia in the union with Hungary", "Croatia in union with Hungary", "Kingdom of Croatia (1102–1526)"], "related": [{"slug": "kingdom-of-hungary", "label": "Kingdom of Hungary", "shared": 14}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-hungary-10001301", "label": "Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "bela-iii-of-hungary", "label": "Béla III of Hungary", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "emeric-king-of-hungary", "label": "Emeric, King of Hungary", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-hungary-13011526", "label": "Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "dalmatia", "label": "Dalmatia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "ladislaus-iv-of-hungary", "label": "Ladislaus IV of Hungary", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "croatia", "label": "Croatia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "zadar", "label": "Zadar", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "louis-i-of-hungary", "label": "Louis I of Hungary", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 1109, "year_label": "1109 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1141)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315946#Births", "title": "1109", "revid": 1367315946, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1127, "year_label": "1127 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – Prince Álmos (or Almus), duke of Hungary and Croatia", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348045996#Deaths", "title": "1127", "revid": 1348045996, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1131, "year_label": "1131 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ladislaus II, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1163)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372289644#Births", "title": "1131", "revid": 1372289644, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1133, "year_label": "1133 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Stephen IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1165)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362156605#Births", "title": "1133", "revid": 1362156605, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1147, "year_label": "1147 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Stephen III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1172)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163362#Births", "title": "1147", "revid": 1362163362, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1148, "year_label": "1148 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Béla III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1196)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362156256#Births", "title": "1148", "revid": 1362156256, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1157, "year_label": "1157 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary (d. 1197)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366532578#Births", "title": "1157", "revid": 1366532578, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1162, "year_label": "1162 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Géza II, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1130)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184511#Deaths", "title": "1162", "revid": 1369184511, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1162, "year_label": "1162 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 15", "text": "July 15 – Ladislaus II, duke of Bosnia, is declared king of Hungary and Croatia. He is crowned by Archbishop Mikó and grants one-third of the kingdom to his brother, Stephen IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184511#Europe", "title": "1162", "revid": 1369184511, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1165, "year_label": "1165 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – Stephen IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1133)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362483614#Deaths", "title": "1165", "revid": 1362483614, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1174, "year_label": "1174 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Emeric, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1204)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362171775#Births", "title": "1174", "revid": 1362171775, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Béla III of Hungary and Croatia goes to war with Venice in an effort to recover Dalmatia. The city of Zadar (located on the Adriatic Sea) accepts Béla's suzerainty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Europe", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Events › Europe"}}, {"year": 1196, "year_label": "1196 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – Béla III of Hungary dies after a 23-year reign in which he has supported the former Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelos against the invading Bulgarians. Having made the Hungarian court one of the most brilliant in Europe and made his hereditary monarchy. Béla is succeeded by his 22-year-old son Emeric as ruler of Hungary, Croatia and Dalmatia (until 1204).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484493#Europe", "title": "1196", "revid": 1362484493, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1196, "year_label": "1196 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – Béla III, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1148)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484493#Deaths", "title": "1196", "revid": 1362484493, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1197, "year_label": "1197 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – A brothers' quarrel breaks out between Emeric, King of Hungary and his younger brother Duke Andrew. After a brief skirmish, Emeric is forced to cede Croatia and Dalmatia to Andrew, who begins to administer the provinces as a de facto sovereign monarch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224721#Europe", "title": "1197", "revid": 1371224721, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1202, "year_label": "1202 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Enrico Dandolo takes the cross and agrees to lead a Venetian force, which, in an outburst of Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the Fourth Crusade. He proclaims the debts will be wiped if the Crusaders take the 'rebel' Dalmatian city of Zara (modern-day Zadar) which has pledged its loyalty to Emeric, king of Hungary and Croatia. The Zara proposal causes disquiet in the Crusader ranks and also upsets Pope Innocent III who threatens to excommunicate those who attack Zara.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187490#Fourth_Crusade", "title": "1202", "revid": 1369187490, "section": "Events › By place › Fourth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1205, "year_label": "1205 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 7", "text": "May 7 – Ladislaus III, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1200)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624697#Deaths", "title": "1205", "revid": 1357624697, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1205, "year_label": "1205 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – Andrew II, brother of the late King Emeric, is crowned ruler of Hungary and Croatia at Székesfehérvár, after his 5-year-old nephew, Ladislaus III, suddenly dies in Vienna. Andrew introduces a new policy for royal grants, which he calls \"new institutions\". He distributes large portions of his domain–such as royal castles and all estates attached to them–to supporters and Hungarian nobles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624697#Europe", "title": "1205", "revid": 1357624697, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1206, "year_label": "1206 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Béla IV, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1270)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267066460#Births", "title": "1206", "revid": 1267066460, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1260, "year_label": "1260 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Croatia is divided into two sub-regions ruled by ban: the Croatian region on the south and Slavonian region on the north, by King Béla IV of Hungary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366894029#Europe", "title": "1260", "revid": 1366894029, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1261, "year_label": "1261 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 11", "text": "February 11 – Otto III, Duke of Bavaria, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1312)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011180#Births", "title": "1261", "revid": 1350011180, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "August 6", "text": "August 6 – King Stephen V of Hungary falls ill and is taken to Csepel Island. He dies and is succeeded by his 10-year-old son Ladislaus IV (\"the Cuman\"), who is being held captive in the fortress of Koprivnica in northern Croatia. His mother, Queen Elizabeth, becomes regent during the minority of her son (until 1277).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#Europe", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1289, "year_label": "1289 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 6", "text": "October 6 – Wenceslaus III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1306)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332007955#Births", "title": "1289", "revid": 1332007955, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1290, "year_label": "1290 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – Ladislaus IV (\"the Cuman\"), king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1262)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343598991#Deaths", "title": "1290", "revid": 1343598991, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1290, "year_label": "1290 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – King Ladislaus IV of Hungary (\"the Cuman\") is assassinated at the castle of Körösszeg (modern Romania). He is succeeded by Andrew III (\"the Venetian\"), after an election by Hungarian nobles, who is crowned by Archbishop Lodomer as new ruler of Hungary and Croatia in Székesfehérvár on July 23.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343598991#Europe", "title": "1290", "revid": 1343598991, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1301, "year_label": "1301 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – With the death of King Andrew III (\"the Venetian\") after a short illness, possibly from poisoning, the Árpád Dynasty in Hungary ends. This results in a power struggle between Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, Otto III of Bavaria, and Charles Robert of Naples. Eventually, Wenceslaus is elected and crowned as king of Hungary and Croatia. His rule is only nominal, because a dozen powerful Hungarian nobles hold sway over large territories in the kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694592#January–_March", "title": "1301", "revid": 1361694592, "section": "Events › January– March"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Elizabeth of Poland, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1380)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#Births", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1306, "year_label": "1306 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 4", "text": "August 4 – Wenceslaus III, king of Hungary, Croatia and Poland (b. 1289)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354973149#Deaths", "title": "1306", "revid": 1354973149, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 27", "text": "November 27 – On the same day, Hungarian nobles formally elect the 20-year-old Charles Robert of Salerno as King of Hungary and Croatia in the Hungarian city of Pest (now part of Budapest). He becomes Charles I, but his rule remains nominal in most parts of the realm after he is crowned.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#October_–_December", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1317, "year_label": "1317 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 15", "text": "December 15 – Maria of Bytom, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368785088#Deaths", "title": "1317", "revid": 1368785088, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1326, "year_label": "1326 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – King Louis I of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1382)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367237136#Births", "title": "1326", "revid": 1367237136, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1358, "year_label": "1358 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – Treaty of Zadar, between Louis I of Hungary/Croatia and the Republic of Venice: The Venetians lose influence over their former Dalmatian holdings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1309312891#January–December", "title": "1358", "revid": 1309312891, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1386, "year_label": "1386 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – Elizabeth of Bosnia, the mother of the overthrown Queen Mary of Hungary and Croatia, arranges the assassination of Charles III of Naples, the ruler of Hungary, Naples, Achaea and Croatia, with the result that Mary is reinstated as Queen of Hungary and Croatia; Charles' son, Ladislaus, becomes King of Naples; and a period of interregnum begins in Achaea, lasting until 1396. The rule of Achaea is sought by numerous pretenders, none of whom can be considered to have reigned.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359789728#January–March", "title": "1386", "revid": 1359789728, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1441, "year_label": "1441 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – Battle of Samobor: The army of Ulrich II, Count of Celje, defeats the army of Stjepan Banić at Samobor, Croatia in union with Hungary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361382363#January–March", "title": "1441", "revid": 1361382363, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1483, "year_label": "1483 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Battle of Una: Forces of the Kingdom of Croatia defeat the army of the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369188840#October–December", "title": "1483", "revid": 1369188840, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1491, "year_label": "1491 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – At the battle of Vrpile Gulch in southern Croatia, the armies of the Ottoman Empire are defeated by those of the Kingdom of Croatia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360561378#July–September", "title": "1491", "revid": 1360561378, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1493, "year_label": "1493 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – At the Battle of Krbava Field in southern Croatia, forces of the Ottoman Empire defeat those of the Kingdom of Croatia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631093#July–September", "title": "1493", "revid": 1371631093, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 16", "text": "August 16 – Battle of Dubica (part of the Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War): Croatian troops under Petar Berislavić, Ban (Viceroy) of Croatia, defeat an Ottoman army under Sanjak-bey Junuz-aga.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#July–September", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1522, "year_label": "1522 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 28", "text": "May 28 – The Ottoman Empire's siege of Knin in the Kingdom of Croatia is successful as Mihajlo Vojković surrenders to Gazi Husrev Bey and most of the Croatian inhabitants are allowed to leave. Inhabitants of Bosnia then move in.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372799978#April–June", "title": "1522", "revid": 1372799978, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}